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Staunton Spectator: April 2, 1861 Go To Page : 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |

Col. Baldwin's Speech Concluded
(Column 2)

Summary: In the conclusion to his speech to the Convention, Col. Baldwin continued to insist that the divisive issues threatening disunion hinge on the slavery question. Col. Baldwin asserted that the Federal government has thus far made no attempts to thwart the practice of slavery that didn't receive the approval of Virginia. As to the question of slavery in the territories, Baldwin pointed out that the Territories are not suited to slavery and therefore this question is unnecessarily divisive.
(Names in announcement: Col. Baldwin)

Presentation of a Floral Wreath to Col. Baldwin, of Augusta
(Column 3)

Summary: Article reports that after his speech, Col. Baldwin was presented a floral wreath by the ladies of Richmond for his eloquent defense of the Union.
(Names in announcement: Col. Baldwin)

A Plain Truth for Missouri
(Column 4)

Summary: Reports the sentiments of Judge Orr, who addressed the State Convention of Missouri in defense of Unionism and denounced the secessionists.

Origin of Article: Alexandria Gazette

Col. John B. Baldwin
(Column 4)

Summary: Praises Baldwin's speech to the Convention and lauds his efforts to save the Union.
(Names in announcement: Col. John Baldwin)

[No Title]
(Column 5)

Summary: Anonymous letter from Richmond praising Baldwin's speech and asserting that the din of the secessionists has quieted in Richmond over the past several days.
(Names in announcement: Col. John Baldwin)

Trailer: Virginius

Policy of the Border States
(Column 6)

Summary: Argues that the interests of the border states are best served in the Union. It is in the Union that such issues as the return of fugitive slaves can best be addressed. Furthermore, the Border States have concerns that the Gulf States do not share, being disproportionately affected by such problems as fugitive slaves and the threat of war with the North.

Full Text of Article:

Having steadfastly adhered to the doctrine that civil war, or danger of constant collision between the Border, Free and Slave States, could only be averted by a peaceful settlement in the Union of our present troubles, and that it was really the interest of the Border Slave States to maintain their present relations with the Free States on our border, and with the whole Union if possible, we have deduced therefrom a difference between our condition and that of the Gulf States. Nothing that has occurred, therefore, has served to change or even shake the conviction, that we have interests in the Union that are paramount--interests that the Cotton States have not; and that therefore we should not rashly imperil them through any fancied identity of interest with the States that have left us for weal or for woe, to work out our own destiny as best we may. We have maintained that it is neither our interest to go with them, nor really essential to our interest that we should. We are glad, therefore, to find so respectable a journal in one of the seceded States, as the Milledgeville (Geo.) Recorder, supporting the views we have advocated. In the issue of that journal of the 12th inst., we find the case thus strongly stated, as follows: "If the line of the Southern Confederacy touched that of the Free States, there being to law or treaty for the rendition of fugitives from labor between foreign Powers, the mischief would be such, practically, that a collision of arms would be unavoidable, unless the Slave States receded altogether from the claims on which they insisted while in the Union, of having their property returned to them under the plain behest of the Constitution and the acts of Congress to carry it into effect. In the simple matter of convenience and expediency, therefore, we believe that the Border States will be of more advantage in their present position to the Southern Confederacy, a wall of defence against Northern aggression, than if they were to become members of it, with all their frontier exposed to fanatical hatred and pillage. We should then have to try an experiment which otherwise we might be under the necessity of making with the Free States, and which no amount of wisdom or valor may contemplate with indifference. If slaves from the Border States are stolen or enticed away by the abolitionists, the game would become vastly interesting in the absence of any stipulations recognizing slaves as property, which we have reason to believe could never be obtained. Outrage would follow outrage in rapid succession, and on a scale of such magnitude that war would be the only mode of redress."

Ought not this candid avowal, from a source entitled to credit, induce the people of the Border Slave States to make every effort compatible with their honor (and we would not have them do more) to avert the catastrophe, before they rush into the vortex of secession? This word, with us, has a deeper signification than it can have in the Gulf States. We trust our people will do nothing rashly.

Previous and Present Status of the Old School Presbyterian Church on Slavery
(Column 7)

Summary: Reviews the Presbyterian Church's stand on slavery with extracts from the Church's General Assembly's Digest.

Convention or no Convention
(Column 1)

Summary: Accuses the secession Democrats of backing out of their plan to hold a meeting in Augusta because of the presence of Harris, whose "appearance and proud defiance of their opposing machinations threw them into utter confusion and dismay."

Strategy and Maneuvering of the Disunionists
(Column 2)

Summary: Accuses the secessionists of agitating for the call of a convention and then refusing to comply with its dictates when it supported Unionism.

The Fruits of Secession Agitation
(Column 2)

Summary: Charges that secession agitation has caused property values to fall and will cause an increase in taxation at the request of the Auditor. The article asks what the increase in taxation would be in the event of secession if the mere dim prospect causes a fifty percent increase.

Full Text of Article:

On the 31st of January last, the Auditor of public Accounts reported that the present rate of taxation, which is forty cents on the hundred dollars' value of property, would yield a surplus of $225,884.57 per annum, which, if applied to the temporary debt created for the defence of the State, would, in less than five years, discharge it. This estimate of that officer was made upon the supposition that the annual increase in the value of property, as a basis and subject of taxation, would, during that period, equal the temporary decrease caused by our national difficulties. But the agitation of the question of secession, and the uncertainty in which the fate of the State has been and is still kept, has had the effect to decrease the value of property, and to increase the expenses of the State to such an extent, that the same officer reported on the 22nd of March that the rate of taxation should be increased the present year to a sum at least equal to sixty cents on every hundred dollars' value of property, and on every subject in the same proportion. This is an increase of fifty per cent. in our taxation. The people may well "groan, groan, GROAN," when they reflect that their taxes are to be increased fifty per cent., whilst their ability to pay has been diminished to an even greater degree. They will not have as much money to pay with, and will have fifty per cent. more to pay. When the people estimate what they have lost by the depreciation in the value of their property, and by the increase of their taxes, they will be able to form some idea of the cost to them of the agitation of the question of secession. They will then begin to realize the truth of what we have frequently told them--that secession, yea, even the contemplation of it, implies increased taxation. If the mere dim prospect and distant probability of secession, which at present exists, causes an increase of fifty per cent. in taxation, what would be the increase of taxation if the hopes of the secessionists should be realized?--"Worm-wood and gall" are sweet when compared with the bitterness of the fruits of secession.

What Can Virginia Say?
(Column 2)

Summary: States that taxation in Mississippi is 150 percent higher than in Virginia because of secession.

Union Meeting in Richmond
(Column 2)

Summary: Reports that a large, enthusiastic Union meeting was held at the African Church in Richmond. Furthermore, the item implies that secessionist sentiment has reached its high point and is beginning to ebb.

Destructive Fire
(Column 2)

Summary: Reports that the village of Mt. Solon was nearly destroyed by fire.

Effect of Secession upon Slavery in Virginia
(Column 3)

Summary: Asserts that secession would make slavery less secure in the border states rather than more secure because it would not give opportunity for the return of fugitive slaves.

[No Title]
(Column 3)

Summary: The editor of the Spectator exchanges barbs with the editor of the Vindicator, who, in suggesting a slogan for the Spectator, called its Unionist sympathies "patient acquiescence under sectional oppression."

How Secession Affects Texas
(Column 3)

Summary: Article reports that the Texas Legislature has voted to confirm the action of the Convention deposing Houston, who does not recognize Texas' secession.

Secessionists Causing Delay
(Column 5)

Summary: Notes that the secessionists are using parliamentary filibusterism to delay final action of the Virginia Convention to keep it in session.

The Term "Submissionist"
(Column 1)

Summary: Article objecting to the pejorative use of the word "submissionist."

Origin of Article: Alexandria Gazette

Died
(Column 1)

Summary: J.B. Warden, formerly of Staunton, died on Butte County, California on February 8.
(Names in announcement: J.B. Warden)