Social Services

One of the primary functions of the Bureau was to address the day to day problems of the freedmen and destitute whites. These included providing clothing, food, and other aid. The Bureau received many applications for such aid, but was limited in what it could provide due to its small budget. The freedmen also sought the Bureau's aid in establishing churches and schools. While the Bureau did not have funds for this purpose, it was able to put the freedmen in contact with Northern aid societies which appropriated funds for land, buildings, teachers' salaries, and basic necessities such as books and furniture. The Bureau received more letters from freedmen and destitute whites seeking aid than on any other single topic.

  • Churches: After the war, freedmen had few options for religious services, because for the most part blacks had been offered no formal religion in the South. The Bureau aided in the construction and founding of a number of churches in Augusta County.

  • Schools: The Bureau directed funds from Northern aid societies for the construction and funding of schools for the freedmen.

  • Aid: As in all areas, funding was very limited for aid, however the Bureau was able at times to provide funding for aid for both destitute whites and freedmen in the form of clothing, rations, and other provisions.

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