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Augusta County: Diary of Francis McFarland (1859-1864)

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1859

January, 1859

1. Sat.

It rained all last night & this morning till 10 O'clock, then cleared off cool. God in his abundant energy has spared the lives of myself & family to see the Beginning of another year, in circumstances of great mercy. My own health now may be said to be good. It has been very imperfect for several months, & that distressing eruption on my back & especially on my legs has harassed me. But Providentially I was led to use Allum Water & rain water & small doses of Salts & it has entirely disappeared. In other respects I am as well as a man of my age can expect to be. Preaching fatigues me but little.

M^rs M^cFarland enjoys remarkably good health & is a great blessing to me. Mary Lewis's health is also good. Frank very well & Mary Louise improving -- seems to be in good health, very cheerful & can walk briskly on her crutches. The "curve" in her spine seems to be diminishing & the abscess to be discharging less.

Robert & James are at home & have undertaken to carry on the farm without my hiring a man by the year. They behave well & are a great comfort to me. Francis is in Washington City -- says he is reporting the proceedings of the Senate of the U.S.United States I know not what for. I feel more anxious about him than any of my Children, for he is in no regular employment that will last.

New Year's day continued.
Betsey & D^r Humphreys have been perplexed about a change of Residence. They have concluded to remove from Marion, in Lonyth Co.County & board at a M^r Shannon's on the Turnpike from Wythevile to [blank space] But they & their children are well.

Thus we have numerous mercies for which to be grateful. But the subject of my greatest anxiety is about the Spiritual interests of my Sons. None of them are Professors of Religion; & although two years ago Francis professed conversion in Harrisonburg, I have great fears about him.

May God, for Christ's sake grant me the joy of seeing them, before I die the devoted Disciples of Jesus Christ. And O, may He pour out his Spirit on my Charge. This I desire above every thing earthly.

Roxa Bent is now with us.

Today we are all at home and I am in my quiet pleasant study preparing to preach a New Year Sermon.

Jan. 2. Sab.

Day pretty cold & roads very bad. I went to Bethel on horseback. Preached to a good Congregation. but not with as much liberty as I sometimes have. Subject the constraining influence of the Love of Christ.

3. M.

Cool -- cloudy & threatening. Put a lock on M^rs M^cF's room door. Reading Newspapers etc.

Jan. 4. Tu.

Reading & Writing. Wrote to Moore, Hoge & Co. & sent on the names of 22 Subscribers to the Central Presbyterian & my Check for $44.00. Wrote also for the Sabbath School Visitor & enclosed a gold Dollar.

5 Wed.

Mrs Larew & Lizzie Wilson dined with us. M^r Henderson called. Sent my letters, written yesterday to the office. Received a letter from D^r. William Brown. Wrote to my Daughter Betsey. Wrote to Reverend James Morrison.

6. Th.

The morning mild. I took the opportunity of visiting some sick persons. Rode on horseback to William Cochrans. His son William has been very ill with Pleurisy & Pneumonia but is recovering. His daughter Margaret is also very feeble & in a strange way. Called at M^r Merritt's, & visited M^rs Via, who is very low & certainly cannot live long. Came home very much fatigued.

7. Fr.

I spent a very feverish & uncomfortable night. Took some medicine but so unwell I did not rise till 11 O'clock, & still quite unwell.

8. Sat.

I am better but not quite well. Preparing for the Sabbath. The day intensely cold --colder than any day last winter, or this thus far. Ice on the inside of my windows all day. Thermometer did not rise above +17

Jan. 8. Sat. continued

This is my Birthday. This night I have completed my 71 year & blessed be God I am in tolerable health & crowned with his mercies. Of late I find my strength has declined, but I think it is the effect of imperfect health. If that were restored to its usual state (& it is nearly so) I think my strength would be all I could expect at my age. I find I cannot bear fatigue or exposure as I once did.

I hear that some of the most judicious of my people are saying that they do not see that I am at all failing in my preaching. May God grant me strength of body & vigor of mind & fervor of Piety to preach Christ as long as it will be for his glory & the edification of the Church. Amen.

9. Sab.

Very cold. Rode to Bethel on horseback -- the road terribly rough. Preached to a comparatively small Congregation & not with much liberty. Suffered much from the cold.

10. Mon.

Very cold. I kept the house closely & glad that no duty required me to go from home. Sent to the Post Office letters to M^r Morrison, D^r. Humphreys & D^r. John Leyburn. Reading Newspapers.

Jan. 11. Tu.

The day comparatively mild. I have been reading & working.

12. Wed.

A delightfully pleasant clear & warm day. Reading & working.

13. Th.

I preached at the Poorhouse to a number of the paupers & M^r Henderson's family. M^rs M^cFarland & Roxa walked there & home. We all dined there.

14. Fr.

The day mild. The Boys went to Bethel to singing School & Robert from there to a party at M^r Merritts. I spent most of the day reading Newspapers.

15. Sat.

Preparing for the Sabbath. But after dinner heard of the death of M^rs Via a good woman. I am requested to preach a funeral Sermon tomorrow at the church. Changed my plan. Plowing.

16. Sab.

Cool, but tolerably pleasant. Roads very rough. Preached at Bethel to the young by the request of M^rs Via, some months before her death. I had a large & very solemn Congregation The Coffin lay before the pulpit.

17. Mon.

Mild. Plowing. I wrote for the Central Presbyterian for Rebecca Strain, & enclosed $2. Also for the "Presbyterian" for D^r Humphreys & enclosed $2. Also for the Presbyterian Magazine & enclosed $1.00.

Jan. 18. Tu.

Clear but cool. Sally & Irwin Gilkeson & Mary & Jenusha M^cPheeters spent the night here. M^rs Lewis from Charlottesville M^rs Cochran & M^rs Eskridge & M^rs Gilkeson spent the day here.

19. Wed.

Plowing in the Northwest field. I was reading & writing.

In the afternoon Reverend. Robert. C. Walker came & spent the night here. His object was to consult me about resigning his Pastor charge to go to settle in Pittsboro, North Carolina

20. Th.

Very pleasant day. M^rs M^cF. & Mary & Roxa spent the day at M^r Gilkesons. I was working nearly all day.

21. Fr.

Warm. Began to rain early, wind South. Very heavy rain. About 1 P.M. the wind changed to Northeast & the rain still heavier till night. The Thermometer. fell 20.

I have been reading & studying a little.

22. Sat.

Too wet to plow. The day cold at 8 1/2 P.M. +12. I have been Studying.

23. Sab.

Intensely cold Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation though good for the day. Subject, Pillar of cloud & Fire.

24. Mon.

Cold. Working & reading the News. Letter from M^r Morrison & Betsey.

Wrote for the Central Presbyterian for James Hall, & enclosed two Dollars.

Jan. 25. Tu.

Reading & working. The boys in the woods cutting wood.

26. Wed.

Very mild. Boys hauling wood. I was reading etc. Wrote to Mr Robert Ligget for a Cooking Stove, authorizing him to give as high as $22.

27. Th.

Rained moderately all day. I was reading all day.

28. Fr.

Pleasant but extremely muddy. Sister Roxa left us. Sent Robert to take her to Staunton in the Carriage. She has been with us since the 9^th of November.

Letters from Betsey & Francis. Reading, & beginning to prepare for the Sabbath.

29. Sat.

Mild. Plowing. Studying.

30. Sab.

Cooler, but pleasant. Went to Church & all the white family but Mary Lou. Preached to a good Congregation & there was solemn attention. I had a good degree of liberty in Prayer & in Preaching. O, may God bless his own word. D^r. Osborne, Son of the Reverend Michael Osborne came home with us, and spent the night. He is in search of a place to practice Medicine.

Jan. 31.

Clear & cold.

Wrote to Reverend James W. McKennan & sent him my Check for $200 being the balance due him of Martha Ewing's Legacy, without interest on this last sum which I think should be paid him for at least two years.

Also wrote to William Rankin Jr. & sent my Check for $66.50 for the Board of Foreign Missions.

February, 1859

Feb. 1. Tu.

Clear & still cool but tolerably pleasant for the Season.

I went to Adam Hawpe's to visit the family who still feel their bereavement deeply. I had private conversation with both M^r & M^rs Hawpe seperately & there is a tenderness of feeling that I trust will end in good. Called a moment at John Thompson's & came home. Plowing.

2. Wed.

Reading. Robert plowing. Morning mild. About 1 P.M. began to rain & continued all the afternoon.

3. Th.

Cool. Robert finished plowing the South half of the Northwest field. James in the wood. I was reading.

4. Fr.

The Boy hauled a load of wood. James went to the Post Office. They both went to Bethel to Singing School. Mr Calhoun did not come.

Feb. 4. Fr. continued

Received a letter from Francis.

M^r R. Tate Wallace & M^r Pilson came & spent several hours with us. They informed me that several friends of mine had agreed to raise a sum of money for me to enable me to buy a pair of horses & they paid me in cash Three Hundred Dollars $300.00 of which M^r James Bumgarner gave his Check for $100.

This is by far the largest present I ever received, & it was entirely unexpected. And it seems that M^r Bumgarner proposed that he would give $100. if the Congregation would give another hundred, but they thought it was too little for the purpose & resolved to raise $200. more.

I regard this as a wonderful event. I need good horses indeed, but I could have managed with economy to have bought them. But God has directed this, I trust, to increase the affection between me & my people. It encourages me to hope that there is a feeling towards me, that by God's blessing may greatly increase my usefulness. I pray that fruit may abound to their account. God knows I have coveted no man's silver or gold, & yet I do esteem this gift more than I would double the sum from any other source.

(continued.) I marvel particularly that M^r Bumgarner -- not a pious man, should be foremost in this matter, & give so much. And I learn he said he gave it as cheerfully as he ever sat down to eat his dinner. O, that God would make me the instrument in his Salvation.

Feb. 5. Sat.

Studying. The Boys at Singing School. M^r Calhoun not there.

6. Sab.

Cool & threatening. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation on Inattentive hearers. About 1 1/2 O'clock began to snow & in two hours the ground was covered & then cleared off.

7. Mon.

Reading. Wrote to Betsey & Francis. Francis Gilkeson came with the threshing machine & after setting it took out my whole crop Cloverseed, Oats & wheat, & took the Machine home. M^r & M^rs Gilkeson came up to see us.

8. Tu.

Reading. Hauling wood.

9. Wed.

Very foggy, about noon began to & continued all the afternoon.

Went to Bethel to meet the Elders & Commissioners -- J. Merritt, M. Pilson, S. Hays, D. Blackwood, A. Gardner, John Humphreys Archibald Sproul were there.

(continued.) The business was to ascertain what vacant Pew room there was. Called in the morning at M^r Bumgarner's

A M^r Beard from Nelson County came here & I sold him Dave -- the horse I got from Mary in Roanoke, for $15. & gave the money to Mary Lewis.

10. Thurs.

It continued to rain last night till near midnight & the wind changed & there was a sprinkle of Snow.

Miss Polly Larew, M^rs Wilson & M^rs Wright dined here. D^r. Tate came & opened the second Abscess on Mary Lou's groin. It discharged largely.

11. Fr.

Cool. Received letters from Betsey & Francis. Wrote to D^r. M.D. Hoge. Studying.

12. Sat.

Studying. Received the sad intelligence of the death of my dear friend Cornelia Lenoir. A lovely Christian. Also the more sad news of the death of my niece Lucretia Pitzer.

Received a letter from Reverend J.W. McKennan, acknowledging the receipt of my check for $200. remitted on the 31st ultimate.

13. Sab.

Day pretty cold & road bad, but had a very good Congregation at Bethel & very solemn attention.

14. Mon.

Reading. Wrote to M^rs A.P. Derrick & J.K. Pitzer.

Feb. 15. Tu.

Reading & writing.

16. Wed.

Plowing in front of the house. The day very warm.

I went to Staunton on horseback. Deposited in Bank the $300. I received to buy horses & $ more of salary $100. Received of E.M. Taylor Virginia State Stock for $1200. purchased in Richmond by a M^r Strother for $97.50 per share of $100 and I had $30. the Balance of $1200. deposited to ^xher credit in the Valley Bank. Paid the Waddells two dollars for the Staunton Spectator for D^r. Humphreys up to May 1st 1859. Paid Mary Lewis one dollar for D^r. Humphreys, being the balance in my hands.

x Mary Lewis [on side]

17. Th.

Plowing. James went to singing. I reading, and writing. About dark it began to rain.

18. Fr.

About 11 O'clock it began to rain & continued moderately all day. M^r James Calhoun came & spent the night with us.

19. Sat.

Studying. Cleaning wheat very gloomy. Showery.

20. Sab.

Very Blustery. The Boys & I went to Bethel. I preached to a small Congregation David Kunkle & wife there.

Feb. 21. Mon.

Cool. Plowing.

I went to see M^rs Brawford who has been very ill, but found her better & now regarded as out of danger.

I dined at M^r Bumgarner's. M^r & M^rs Kunkle there. M^rs K's nervous system is very much disordered.

22. Tu.

In the afternoon I went and took tea at M^r Towberman's & then delivered an address on Temperance to the Sons of Temperance at Mint Spring. Plowing.

23. Wed.

Wrote to D^r. M. D. Hoge & sent him my Check for $47.50 for Printing & distributing the Minutes of Synod. Wrote also to Reverend M^r Hepburn.

24. Th.

This the day for the concert of Prayer for Colleges. We all went to Bethel & had a pleasant meeting though the number attending was not large. Afternoon cool & threatening.

25. Fr.

A little after midnight it began to snow & continued till about noon. There was about 5 or 6 inches fell.

Before breakfast M^r T. A. Lightner sent me by Joe a Bay horse called, Prince, which he bought yesterday of Thomas Williams for $150. cash. He is recommended as a good sound horse. I sent him my check for $150.

Feb. 26th. Sat.

Studying. Received a very interesting letter from my dear Cousin General R. Patterson.

27. Sab.

Very bad roads, but a good Congregation. All went to Bethel. I preached but not as comfortably as usual.

28. Mon.

Reading. Preparing to preach at the Funeral of Mr. Heyden.

March, 1859

March. 1. Tu.

Called at M^r William J. Gilkeson's & paid him for a sack of Salt $2.37 1/2 & for half-soling Rhoda's shoes 45 cents. Preached at the Funeral of old M^r Heyden, aged 86 1/2 years.

2.

I set out early & called to see M^rs Brawford who has been very ill but is now much better.

Dined at M^r Merritts, & he & I went to Greenville to see M^rs Antrim who has for many months absented herself from the house of God. First on account of Colonel Tate reclaiming his pew which he had allowed them temporarily to use.

Then perhaps two months after -- on the 12 of September I think I went to see her, to satisfy her if possible that she had just cause of complaint & to induce her to return to Church. She introduced the subject when she & I were alone at the dinner table

[page 15]
and became much excited & spoke so of Colonel Tate & how badly they were treated that I thought it my duty to Say M^rs Antrim You are not manifesting a Christian Spirit on this subject; why on this principle you would not be willing to go to heaven unless you got a high seat there. Meaning that if she would not agree to go & worship God in his house unless she got a choice seat there, the same principle would lead to the result I named. For she told me in so many words "we are not going to sit any where." With very much more to the same purpose.

She was greatly offended at my plainness, and now insists that she said nothing to provoke my reproof, and charges me with saying other things which I never thought of.

M^r Antrim & Alexander Brownlee & M^r Merritt were present today. I opened the meeting with prayer, but very soon it was manifest that such was her spirit that I could accomplish nothing. Therefore after saying what I could & seeing no hope of doing any good I left her with M^r Merritt & M^r Brownlee. There was not the least evidence of a Christian Spirit in this whole interview. Called to see Mary Hawpe who seems in a deep melancholy & thinks she will die although D^r. Churchman says she has no disease.

Got my horse shod & rode home.

March 3. Thurs

Began to rain about sunrise & continued with but little abatement throughout the day. Wrote letters to Reverend J. L. Blain, M^r Richardson, Joseph M. Wilson & enclosed One dollar for the Presbyterian Historical Almanac. Also to Singer & Company & M^r E. H. Craig Richmond, Accountant for Wheeler & Wilson's Sewing Machines & to Reverend D^r. Wm. L. White.

This is an exceedingly gloomy day.

I received an invitation yesterday to aid in a Communion Season at Waynesboro on next Sabbath & the two days preceding, but in the present state of the roads, & my appointments out I did not think it my duty to go, & reluctantly declined.

4. Fr.

Reading & studying. Reverend Henry Brown came & spent the night with us.

5. Sat.

Pleasant day. M^r Brown left us. I was busy studying.

6. Sab.

Pleasant. A large Congregation I preached an hour & a quarter with a good deal of liberty & the people did not seem restless.

7. Mon.

Rained heavily in the morning & then moderately, but so that I could not hold my catechizing at Mount Ida. Wrote to Francis to come home. Wrote to Eugenia E. Bumgarner.

About 8 P.M. there was vivid lightning with thunder -- the first this spring.

March 8. Tu.

Cloudy & drizzling. Set off early road extremely bad. Dined at M^r Samuel Humphreys'. Had a pretty good meeting for catechizing. Baptized three Children for Margaret F. M^cClure. Spent 1 or 2 hours at M^rs Patterson's & then spent the night at [deleted: M^r M^cClures] Colonel Tate's.

9. Wed.

Clear & pleasant. Called & spent a couple of hours at R. Tate Wallace's. M^rs Joseph Smith is there sick, but much better. Ballard Smith & Samuel Humphreys came there. M^r Smith went with me to James M^cClungs where we dined. I went on to Greenville. Left with M^r T. A. Lightner $19. for James J. Talley; being $18.72 the amount owed him & 28 cents interest. Paid M^r Antrims Bill, $7.53 called at William Smith's M^r Tupple's & John Hays.

10. Th.

Went to Staunton. Left at the Clerks office the list of my Taxable property. Bought clothes for the Servants.

Paid charges on a Cooking Stove from Philadelphia $3.36. (One dollar to Richmond) Heard M^r Letcher speak a few minutes. M^r Goggin there -- did not hear him.

A vast crowd in town. Borrowed a Rope & tackle of M^r Brown for topping trees.

March 11. Fr.

Cloudy. Warm. Rain. Brought home a Cooking Stove which was bought for me by Robert Ligget in Philadelphia for $20. Today I sent him a Draft for the Bank of America, New York for that sum.

Brought home also a Barrell of Allum Water from Burris' Spring which M^r David Kunkle kindly sent me gratis to Staunton.

I have been studying today.

12. Sat.

Studying. Before dinner M^rs Mary Wallace & her two Children & Mary Hawpe & Rebecca Wilson came here & stayed till evening. Miss Hawpe is better but is very nervous. Had some private conversation on religion. I trust she is serious.

13. Sab.

Lovely day. Preached to large & attentive congregation from Ruth 1:16, 17. The first time I ever took a text from that Book.

14. Mon.

It began to rain immediately after Breakfast & rained all day. I was busy setting up the Cooking Stove.

15. Tu.

Clear & cool -- high wind.

Wrote to the Editors of the Journal of Commerce & enclosed a dollar for next year beginning March 20^th. Wrote to Reverend William See & B. Christian & [illeg.] Held a catechizing at Mount Ida.

March 16. Wed.

Pleasant day. I was reading some time, & began to record the Minutes of Synod & wrote 4 Pages. The Boys getting wood.

17. Th.

Pleasant. Robert plowing for oats. I was working & reading. In the evening it began to rain.

18. Fr.

It rained nearly all last night & today several heavy Showers. My sons went to Singing School. I was reading & Studying.

19. Sat.

A very cold uncomfortable day. The wind very high, & flakes of snow flying nearly all day. Robert went to the Mill. I have now got 15 Bushels of the 50 I bought of M^r Gilkeson.

I have been preparing for the Sabbath.

20. Sab.

Cool. Small Congregation owing to M^r Pinkerton Preaching at the Funeral of Henry Hawpe. I preached with less liberty than usual.

21. Mon.

The warmest day since October. Wrote to Reverend John S. Blain. Rode to Mint Spring. Called on the Miss Heyden's.

22. Tu.

Pleasant day. Sowed some Cloverseed on the Hill field. I wrote 6 Pages of Minutes of Synod. Plowing in the afternoon for Oats.

March, 23d. Wed.

A pleasant day I took M^rs M^cFarland to See M^rs Brawford & I went on to Greenville. Settled with M^r Lightner & I paid him his Blacksmith's Bill & Stove Bill in full. Made some calls. Dined at M^r Smith's. Called at James Bumgarners.

24. Th.

Bought 13 Apple trees of Beard & planted them in missing places in the Orchard & one new Row at the East end. Also two Oxheart Cherry trees which I planted in front of the house. Letter from D^r. W. Brown.

25. Fr.

I endeavored to Study but could do but little. Plowing for Oats.

26. Sat.

Cool. Studying. Plowing.

27. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation on Individual Responsibility. Very fixed attention. I had a good degree of liberty -- Thanks be to God.

28. Mon.

I went to Staunton & took Mary. Dined at the National Hotel. Bought a horse with the aid of M^r Lightner from F.W. Martin of Harrison where the horse was raised. He was highly recommended by a M^r Young who has known him as a good horse in every respect. I paid Cash for him $122.50 He was said to be 8 or 9 years old. We call him "Judge."

28 continued.

I paid William J. Gilkeson in Staunton $32.50 for 50. Bushels of Corn at 65 cents per Bushel.

James broke out with measles.

29. Tu.

Went to Middlebrook with Robert about his Uniform.

Called on M^r James Randolph who has taken a Pew at Bethel. On M^r & M^rs Garnder M^r & M^rs Torbet M^rs D^r. R. M. Chesney & M^r & M^rs Templeton & M^r Beard.

30. Wed.

Sowed some Oats on Monday & some more today. Plowed the garden. William Goodnight helping to make garden. I was not well & could not even read much.

31. Th.

I am pretty well. Sowed more Oats. I went see William Rosen about working for me. He agrees to do so at 50 cents per day at all kinds of work. Wrought my new horse in the wagon. He works well but is rather free. I rode him also & like his movement pretty well. I fear I have taken cold from the penetrating wind. Wrote to John N. Gordon & enclosed my Certificate of Deposit in the City Savings Bank Number 81, & dated May 21^st 1858 for $100. & authorized him to draw all my Dividends (now on $500. There was a Semiannual One due in November last. I ordered from M^r Gordon a half Barrel of good dry New Orleans Sugar & 2 pounds Gunpowder tea to be sent by M^r Gardner & 1/2 pound Nutmegs.

April, 1859

April 1st. Fri.

I am pretty well. Studying Robert went to Middlebrook about his uniform. Planted Potatoes in the garden.

2. Sat.

Busy in My Study.

This the day of the Company Muster at M^r Gilkerson's School house. Robert was run for Captain & was within one vote of M^r Paris who was elected. Robert was then elected 1^st Lieutenant; he had been Second Lieutenant before.

3. Sab.

A very pleasant day.

I preached at Bethel to a tolerable Congregation, On the Obligation to Obey Christ's Commandment to observe the Lord's Supper.

4. Mon.

James has pretty well recovered of Measles -- he had a favorable time. It is too cool today for me to ride out. I have spent the day reading.

5. Tu.

This day the wind was piercing the Thermometer about 11 a.m. rose to 44 then fell & by 4 p.m. it was at 32. I could not Stay out. Robert plowed part of the day. Snow showers.

6. Wed.

I fear the frost last night has killed Peaches, Cherries & plums.

Robert has strong Symptoms of Measles -- headache & eye-balls sore & weakness -- could not work. Too cold for James to go out & for me also.

Apl. 7. Th.

Robert is pretty well & I now hope it was only a little Bileaus attack. All the white family went to Church. This is the first day of our protracted meeting & was kept as a day of Fasting & prayer. The attendance far exceeded my expectation; it was very encouraging. But alas I had no Ministerial aid; & having no fear of disappointment, I was entirely unprepared. The Elders held a prayer meeting first, & then I gave an extemporary discourse.

Reverend D^r. William Brown & his wife came & spent the night with us.

8. Fr.

Went to Bethel. An uncommonly large Congregation for Friday. M^r See there. D^r. Brown preached an excellent Sermon on the Converted Thief who was crucified Took Collection for Church extension. D^r. Brown & wife returned with us.

9. Sat.

D^r. Brown & wife left us for home. Reverend M^r See preached at Bethel a very good Sermon ^{Revelations 22:17} to the largest week day Congregation we have had for a long time: M^r William Pinkerton followed with brief but very good address. M^r Pinkerton would preach in Greenville at 4 p.m.

10. Sab.

It rained very heavily a great part of the night with Lightening and Thunder & most of today also.

April 10. Sab. continued.

I went to Bethel with M^rs McFarland in a very heavy rain. Robert is confined to bed with Measles -- not very bad. Mary had to stay at home with her children who also have the Measles -- Mary Lou broken out & has a distressing Cough. Frank not yet broken out. Liz has symptoms of measles.

M^r Hepburn had sent me word that he would be with me today but did not come, & I had to go through the whole communion Services alone I spoke incessantly for about 2 1/2 hours. I was much fatigued & came home in a heavy rain. We were afraid to have James exposed & sent him to M^r Bumgarner's.

11. Mon.

This the warmest day for six months. M^r Cummins, the Methodist preacher for Greenville & Middlebrook spent the night with us & till 11 O'clock today. I have been reading & writing. Mary's children are both confined with measles. Mary Lou has a troublesome Cough.

Robert is still confined to bed, but does not suffer much.

12. Tu.

Warm. William Rosen began to work for me at 50 cents per day. Cut down the Lombardy Poplars in

[page 25]
front of the house. Robert better and able to be up a little. Mary Lou better Liz quite ill with measles. D^r Tate came to see Mary's children.

I am very tired with a little work.

April 13. Wed.

Cut up & hauled the Poplars to the house -- William Rosen made me a shaving horse. Christopher Goodnight in the Garden. James went to mill.

I have been directing & working.

Got 9 Bushels more of corn from the Mill = 24 in all.

Paid Christopher Goodnight in full $3.25.

14. Thurs.

Making a gate. Went to the Post Office. Received a kind letter from my friend Henry A. Kerr of New York.

Called at M^r Gilkeson's.

Sowed Cloverseed on the North side of the Southeast Field to the Second hollow, on Oats.

15. Fr.

Studying & Working.

16. Sat.

Finished sowing oats on the Southeast field I tried to Study but succeeded poorly.

17. Sab.

Snowed furiously from Northeast from day break till 8 O'clock, then ceased. Cold Preached to a pretty good Congⁿ The Prayer-meeting well attended.

18. Mon.

Cold. James Plowing in front of the house -- Robert harrowing. The first work he has done.

April 19. Tu.

Went to Greenville to settle with the Treasurer. Dined at M^r Smith's. Made Several purchases of M^r Lightner Went to see Issabella Doak who is sick. Robert marking for Corn in the Northwest Field.

20. Wed.

Preparing for Presbytery. About 1 P.M. M^rs McFarland & I left home for Staunton took our lodgings at D^r. Waddell's D^r William Brown opened Presbytery with a very good Sermon on Revelations 11:1,2,3.

I was unanimously elected Moderator & Misters Irwin & Trimble Clerks.

21. Thurs.

Did not rest very well from the influence of feathers. Heard a Sermon from Reverend John Miller -- interesting but I doubt the interpretation of the Text. Reverend making it refer to the present world alone. M^r William Pinkerton preached a pretty good Sermon at night. We dined at Addison Waddell's & took tea at Mr Wait's.

22. Fri.

Damp. In the afternoon & evening rain. Samuel Brown preached Dined with Miss Sally Waddell -- Tea at Lyttleton Waddell Junior Presbytery sat at night.

23. Sat.

Rained very heavily nearly all night. Installation Service -- M^r Richardson preached; I presided & charged the Pastor & D^r White charged the people. Services went off pleasantly. Dined at M^r Lyttleton Waddell's Senior Presbytery Adjourned about 5 1/2 O'clock P.M.

April 24. Sab.

Cool. D^r White preached in the Presbyterian Church. I introduced the Ordinance of the Lord's Supper & D^r. White closed with an address.

I preached in the evening to a very large & attentive Congregation

25. Mon.

Day very pleasant. Court day & a great Crowd in town. The Officers training commenced today. Robert on parade. Dined at D^r. Waddell's with a large company Mary's Sewing machine arrived. I paid $1.90 charges from Philadelphia Made several small purchases.

26. Tu.

Began to plant corn on the Western side of the Northwest field. I am so much fatigued I can do nothing but read. About noon it began to rain & stopped us from planting. Received Mary's Sewing Machine.

27. Wed.

Much rain. Delivered an address to the Mint Spring Division of Sons of Temperance in connection with presenting to them a Bible from the ladies. Reverend M^r Cummins, Methodist -- received it & delivered an Address.

28. Th.

The morning cold & threatening, but cleared off. Got 6 Bushels more corn ground: -- in all 30 Bushels

29. Fr.

Studying Boys went to the Regimental parade at Middlebrook.

30. Sat.

Studying, but not well. Planting Corn in the North West field.

May, 1859

May 1. Sab.

Pleasant. Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation on the Characters of Cain & Abel, & with some Liberty. Dined at M^rs Graham's & at 4 P.M. Preached in Greenville to a good Congregation. Spent the night at Ballard Smith's, but did not sleep till after 2 a.m. in consequence of drink[added: ing] coffee late.

May 2. Mon.

Made a number of purchases of Lightner & Company. Finished planting Corn in the Northwest field.

James Rosen Assisting.

Recording Minutes of Synod.

3. Tu.

Recording Minutes Wrote to Reverend Peyton Harrison & D^r. M. D. Hoge. Went to the Post Office. Sally Gilkeson here. James taken sick.

4. Wed.

James has a bileous attack -- some fever -- better in the afternoon. Recording Minutes.

5. Thurs.

Finished planting corn in front of the house. James Rosen & 2 of M^r Gilkeson's boys assisting. Recording Minutes. J. B. J. Logan Esquire and John Wilson Spent the night here.

Fitzgerald commenced Ditching.

6.

Preached at Tinkling Spring to a good Congregation. Spent the night at David Gilkeson's. Had a conversation with John Gilkeson which I hope was profitable to him.

Planted potatoes among the Corn.

May 7th.

Visited Sally Douglass at M^r M^cClanahan's & talked with her & prayed. I fear she is dying with consumption. Preached to a good Congregation at Tinkling Spring. Spent the night at M^r See's, pleasantly.

May 8. Sab.

Preached at Tinkling Spring to a very large Congregation & very attentive. 6 or 7 were received on examination. The people treated me with great kindness. Dined at Hugh G. Guthrie's & then came home. I thank God, I have been pretty well &, had liberty in preaching.

9. Mon.

Clear. Finished transcribing the Minutes of Synod. Hauling stuff from the Sawmill.

10. Tu.

A very fine rain = a great blessing. Writing letters, reading etc. M^rs McFarland Robert & I took tea at M^r Gilkeson's & I paid him $4. for a day's threshing 4 horses & 3 hands also $2 for a blanket for Ann, in full of all due to this date. Sold Mat. for $10. to Beard.

11. Wed.

Made two stools to send to Betsey's children. The boys Shearing Sheep.

12.

Mary & Robert went to Staunton. The day too damp & threatening for me to go. In the afternoon it cleared off. I went to see John Wright Junior who is very unwell in consequence of cold Taken after Measles.

May 13. Fr.

Warm Fine weather for the grain. Studying, & reading. Got 6 Bushels more corn from the mill = 36. Only 14 remaining.

14. Sat.

A very fine shower P.M. I felt quite unwell last night. Rose about midnight & took a blue pill, & in the morning Salts: did not rise till 9 1/2 a.m. Had to be on the Sofa nearly all day -- could study none. Head uncomfortable, chilly, & bones aching. Dr. Tate put in another seaton in Mary Lou's back.

15. Sab.

I spent an uncomfortable night. My head felt badly & throat sore & bones aching. I was utterly disqualified for going to church. Did not get out of bed till 4 1/2 p.m. Then somewhat better.

16. Mon.

I rested badly last night. Today I am somewhat better. Rose about 9 1/2 P.M. Feeble. My head is better & less aching in my bones & the feverish symptoms abated. M^r Collins came with Fitzgerald to the Ditching.

17. Tu.

My sleeping last night seemed exhausting. I am very weak. I rose early & lay awake on the sofa, but read & wrote all day. Appetite good.

Remitted to Peter Walker, Philadelphia $19.00 in a Draft on the Bank of America New York collected for the Biblical Repertory. The Boys went to Alice Graham's Wedding.

May 18. Wed.

I feel greatly exhausted this morning, as if from sleeping too soundly. My pulse also which was full & strong has become very feeble. I did not rise till after 10 a.m. It is raining & very damp.

19. Th.

I am better. Sleep did not oppress me, last night. I am slowly gaining Strength. Too weak to set off for New Providence.

20. Fr.

Morning damp. About 10 a.m. set off for New Providence with M^rs McFarland Heavy shower on us. Dined at M^r Sproul's. Went on & Spent the night at M^r Hepburn's.

21. Sat.

Preached to a good Congregation with good attention. [deleted: Attended] I am better.

22. Sab.

A very heavy rain last night with much thunder & lightning.

Had a Prayer meeting & Major Preston read a good address on the history of the Shorter Catechism. I preached to an immense & very solemn Congregation & with more than my usual liberty. Seven were added on examination & 2 on Certificate. I closed with an address.

I attended an interesting prayer meeting in Brownsburg, & made an address.

I spent the night at James Gilkeson's.

23. Mon.

Breakfasted at D^r. Morrison's. Prayer meeting at 10 a.m. I preached to a good Congregation. Dined & M^r. Hepburn's & came to M^rs Sprouls & spent the night.

May 24. Tu.

Paid a Bill to Randolph Patton & Company in full $19.44.

Paid Hess' Bill for Shoemaking etc $7.00 Made several calls & came home to dinner. I am fatigued & not well. Boys working corn. Paid John Collins for a job of ditching done by him & John Fitzgerald, in full $19.00.

25. Wed.

I am not very well. Boys working corn in front of the house. I wrote to Peter Walker for the Biblical Repertory for J. T. L. Preston, but did not send the money ($2.50) which I received.

26. Th.

John Rosen paid me $6.00 for 18 pounds of wool & I paid him 75 cents for 1 1/2 days of his son James planting corn. Wrote to Reverend P. M. Custer, John S. Blain & William E. Baker. Also to John N. Gordon & enclosed my Check for $200.00 to be deposited for me in the City Savings Bank, & he to retain the Certificate.

27. Fr.

Working. Then Studying.

Several fine Showers. I learned there was a destructive hail storm a few miles North of us. I thank God we escaped.

28. Sat.

The boys finished plowing the corn the first time. Studying.

29. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation.

May 30. Mon.

Visited Samuel Humphreys M^rs Charlotte Tate, who has been very ill but is some better. Dined at Colonel Tate's Called at M^r D. C. Gilkeson's & visited M^r James M^cClung who has suffered very much from Rheumatism. Made some purchases in Greenville & returned home.

31. Tu.

Morning threatening. M^rs McFarland & I dined at Adam Hawpes. I went to Greenville. Took tea at Blackwood's I called at William Swink's. There was a very heavy Shower. Came home.

June, 1859

June 1. Wed.

Reading. Went to get M^r Stover to do some work. Called at Jame's Hall's.

2. Thurs.

Reading & working. Wrote to Francis & to Reverend J. B. Ramsey. A fine Shower. Reverend John S. Blain came & spent the night here.

3. Fr.

M^r & M^rs Pilson & Mary McCatehan (Douglass) came to see us & Dined here. M^r Blain left us after Dinner. M^rs McFarland went home with M^r Pilson.

4. Sat.

Quite cool. At 10 a.m. 62 at 2 p.m. 58. Studying.

5. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation & with more liberty than usual. Dined at John Thompsons & preached at the School House & came home. Over

June 6. Mon.

On yesterday morning there was a heavy frost which has done great damage to Corn, Potatos, vines etc. I fear the injury will be very serious.

M^r Stover took the roof off my back Porch & put on sheeting in order to covering it with tin. M^rs M^cFarland & I rode down to M^r Gilkeson's to see M^rs Marshall who is there very ill.

7 Tu.

Got my horse shoed at Lightner's. Preached at the Funeral of M^rs Crist on M^r Blackwood's farm. Large Congregation. M^r Grubert putting a tin roof on my back Porch. M^r Stover assisting & laying a floor at my front porch.

The boys cutting the frosted corn.

8. Wed.

M^r Grubert finished putting on the tin roof, 10x21 feet at $10.00 per square = 21 dollars. I paid him -- but a shower came on & it leaked in many places.

M^r Stover finished the porch floor by 10 1/2 O'clock. I paid him $2.50.

9. Thurs.

Set out for Rocky Spring. Dined at M^r Herring's. Called on M^rs Calhoun & at M^r Mann's & spent the night at M^r William Guy's.

10. Fr.

Preached at Rocky Spring stayed at M^r Blain's.

June 11 Sat.

Preached twice at the Church. Still at M^r Blain's.

12. Sab.

Preached in the morning & assisted in the Communion. Dined at M^r Crawford's. Preached at M^r Mann's & spent the night there.

13. Mon.

Drove to Staunton. 20 Miles by 12 1/4 O'clock. Dined at the National Bought a Hat for James for $2.50 15 pounds of Candles at 15 1/2 cents = $2.32 1/2. Dinner & Horse .50 Came home.

14 Tu.

M^r Stover building a henhouse. Emaline & Matilda Sproul & Archibald Christian & wife here.

15. Wed.

Set off early & preached at the funeral of a child of D.C. Gilkeson to a large audience. Visited M^rs Charlotte Tate M^r M^cClung & Issabella Doak. Came home. Suffered much with cold in my head.

16. Th.

Much indisposed. Breakfasted in bed could do nothing but read.

17. Fri.

It began to rain early & there was one of the greatest rains for years till 3 O'clock, when it ceased. I have continued so feeble I could do nothing. Wrote to Reverend William Pinkerton.

June 18. Sat.

Cool & pleasant. I am very little stronger; have to recline much on the Sofa & can study very little.

19. Sab.

Still very feeble. Went to Bethel & preached as usual to a large congregation Strange that my strength held out so. Rained in the afternoon, & much in the night.

20. Mon.

I am better. It does seem that the effort to preach yesterday was of Service to me.

Sent Orders for Books to the Board of Publication for Bible Classes & the Library & myself -- also to Smith & English. Took the letter to the Post Office myself.

21. Tu.

Weather still unsettled. I have lost two days mowing of Clover by rain. Paid William Rosen in full $2.13

Got half a Barrell of Herrings of M^r. Gardner.

22. Wed.

Day fair Plowing corn. M^r Stover finished the Poultry yard. Paid him in full $7.00.

M^rs McFarland & I went to see M^rs Gilkeson, who has been quite sick.

23. Th.

I am quite unwell today. Cannot do anything. Lying on the Sofa, reading & sleeping. It seems a bileous attack.

24. Fr.

I am better & able to Study a little. Day pleasant.

June 25. Sat.

Studying. Received Bills of books from Philadelphia Plowing Corn.

26. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation In the Afternoon in Greenville Dined at D^r. Tate's.

27. Mon.

Mowing the lot North of the house. Rode to Mint Spring, called at Colonel Wilson's & at William J. Gilkeson's. Reverend William Brown & Rebecca Smith dined with us.

28. Tu.

The warmest day. Mowing in the Orchard.

29. Wed.

1 warmer than yesterday = 94 I set out for Lexington at 6 1/2 A.M. Dined & remained 3 1/2 hours at M^r Patton's. Reached Colonel Reid's at 6 1/2 P.M. Honorable William C. Alexander of Princeton New Jersey there whose society I enjoyed exceedingly. Shower in the night.

30. Th.

Board met at 12 M. Dined at Colonel Reid's. Took tea at William White's. Colonel Reid's family all the Supper & Colonel Alexander etc spent the evening pleasantly together.

July, 1859

July 1. Fr.

The Board met, then the Commencement. Orations from J. W. M^cCoun on the Utility of Science. [deleted: Geo. S. Junkin for Cincinatti Oration.] George L. Leyburn, Cincinatti Oration. George Junkin Junior Valedictory. 16 graduates. Only One Robinson Medal conferred -- the $40. one conferred George L. Leyburn.

July 1 Fr continued

After conferring the degrees (& the Degree of Doctor of Divinity at my suggestion conferred on Reverend James B. Ramsey) the Honorable William C. Alexander delivered an Address of 1 1/4 hours on the influence of Literary Institutions. I do not know that I ever heard a finer Oration. He is a splendid man. He has the most wonderful memory I have ever known. He told me it was entirely unwritten. Board again met. Took tea with the Miss Baxters, M^r & M^rs See.

2. Sat.

Breakfasted with M^r & M^rs Miller, where I met M^r Benton Taylor a Lawyer of Chicago & his Bride, daughter of D^r. N. L. Rice -- pleasant people. Spent a couple of hours with D^r. White. Called on M^rs D^r. Graham & the Miss Grahams. Dined at Colonel Reids. At 4 1/2 O'clock left Lexington. Rode to M^r Patton's Very warm. A Shower.

3. Sab.

Preached at Fairfield to a good & very attentive Congregation & examined their Bible Class. Spent the night at M^r Archibald M^cClung's.

4. Mon.

Called at Nelson Bell's -- their Son John very unwell. Called at M^r Pinkerton's. Dined at Ballard Smith's. Home. Robert & James in Staunton. Day uncomfortably cold .

July 5. Tu.

Had Asthma last night & this morning. Uncomfortable all day. Robert & James cutting wheat.

6. Wed.

Cloudy & about 11 a.m. it began to rain and continued till late moderate. M^r Rosens two sons harvesting till near noon.

7. Th.

Asthma last night. Not well today. Working & reading. M^r Rosen's sons assisting in cutting wheat till noon. Paid them $2.00.

8. Fr.

Had to sit up all last night with Asthma -- the worst attack I have had for many years. I was able to lie down before sunrise & slept a little; then took some coffee & could sleep no more. I am suffering with it all day. My Sons finished cutting wheat.

9. Sat.

Very feeble & unwell. Could study very little.

10. Sab.

Still very weak & a bad cough. Went to Bethel & preached with more liberty & energy than usual for more than an hour. Returned home & dined & went on horseback to Mt. Ida where I preached again to a large audience for an hour -- then rode home. I am astonished at myself that I could when so feeble, endure[deleted: d] much labour. Glory to God for the privilege.

July 11. Mon.

Still much fatigued. Remitted my Check to Joseph P. Engles for the amount of his Bill of Books of the 23d ultimate. ___________________$27.33.

Balance of a Collection for the Board of Publication after expanding for our Library $9.50_____19.50

To be paid to Smith English & Company for Books bought of them ____________11.80 sum remitted $58.63

Finished hauling in wheat. Had in all 107 Dozens.

12. Tu.

I feel better today, but the heat is so oppressive I can do nothing. Mowing the meadow in front of the house.

13. Wed.

I am better but the weather is so debilitating were it not for a brisk East wind the heat would be very great.

14. Th.

Oppressively warm. M^rs McFarland & I went to visit M^r Mish's family who have taken a Pew in Bethel. Met there M^r Cutchfield & M^r Anderson from Goochland. M^rs Mish is a member of the Church. Daughters, Margaret & [blank space]. Took coffee at M^r Bumgarner's. Came home very unwell.

15. Fr.

Unwell & extremely weak, could study none & scarcely read. Good rain here; in Staunton a deluge.

July 16th. Sat.

I am a little better today. Robert & Mary went to Staunton. I can study but little.

17. Sab.

Feel very weak more so than on last Sabbath but preached at Bethel as usual & then at the School House on Christian's Creek. The latter place was so warm I suffered much & was greatly exhausted. I came home feeling too unwell to spend the night elsewhere.

18. Mon.

I am much better. Got in the last of our hay. I have been resting & reading.

19. Tu.

I was stronger in the morning, but in the afternoon weak, with disordered bowels. Boys Cutting Oats.

20. Wed.

Better. Finished cutting Oats Reading & writing. Wrote to Reverend Joseph Smith Doctor of Divinity

21. Th.

Mary & Mary Lou left us on a visit to R. T. Wallace's & that neighborhood. Hauling in Oats. Two heavy showers.

22. Fr.

Studying a little.

23. Sat.

Studying. Hauling in oats.

24. Sab.

I am pretty well. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation. In the afternoon to the Blacks at Broadhead. Spent the night at R. T. Wallace's.

July 25. Mon.

I had a bad night with Asthma. Rained here heavily this morning. Dined at James M^cClung's.

26. Tu.

Had Asthma again & feel badly Reading. William White of Lexington, dined with us. Finished our harvest.

27. Wed.

Still Suffering with Asthma. Wrote to Reverend James Morrison & Reverend A.D. Hepburn.

28. Th.

I am better today, but feel much exhausted from sitting up all night with Asthma, except from 2 to 4 A.M.

The boys went to Greenville for Shingles & brought home 2650 + 30

29. Fr.

I rested better last night, but feel a good deal of Asthma today. Robert & James went to Weir's Cave. I gave them $3.00 each.

M^r Stover came to work for me.

30. Sat.

Spent a wretched night coughing I am very unwell-can do nothing. My breast very uncomfortable & I cough a great deal. Boys returned.

31. Sab.

Very feeble, but went to Bethel M^r Merritt prayed & I preached more than an hour to my own astonishment. But I had to recall my appointment for Greenville.

August, 1859

Aug. 1. Mon.

Had another bad night. Coughing very hard. Feel badly today. Could scarcely read.

2. Tu.

I am very weak today. Cannot sit up more than half the time Still cough hard.

3. Wed.

I coughed less last night. Slept pretty well. But no stronger. M^r Pilson came to see me.

4. Th.

I spent a very feverish night. Sent for D^r Tate to see me. He came recommended nothing but what I had been do[deleted: o]ing. I am better this afternoon. Wine of Ipecac did good.

5. F.

My fever was higher last night than heretofore. I cannot understand why the fever always rises while asleep. I take Wine of Ipecac & Sweet Spirits of Nitre. I can scarcely sit up any today.

6. Sat.

I rested better last night. I sat up more today. Pulse better.

7. Sab.

Had high Fever last night. Sent for D^r. Tate. Kept my bed till near noon In the afternoon better. D^r Tate came. Did not vary the prescription much.

I am very sorry I could not preach today-our preparation Sabbath. But it is of the Lord.

Aug. 8. Mon.

Had very high fever last night. Comes on in my Sleep-which is wonderful to me. This morning I felt very badly-did rise till near noon. Then better. Pulse in the morning 106 P.M. 80. No pain-cough but little. Sent for D^r. Waddell & wrote to M^r Campbell.

9. Tu.

I am somewhat better. A warm bath last night was very beneficial. I had little fever last night.

D^r. Tate & D^r. Waddell met here by my arrangement. D^r. Waddell seems to think there is no ground for serious fears. I take no medicine today.

M^r Gilkeson & M^r Pilson came to see me.

10. Wed.

I slept pretty well & am much better today. Appetite returning. Mary & Mary Lou returned-absent 3 weeks.

11. Th.

I rested pretty well & am still better. Thanks be to my gracious God.

12. Fr.

I am not so well. Sent James for M^r Campbell, who came & preached at Bethel to a small Congregation. I was not able to go. M^r Campbell went to M^r Pilson's.

13. Sat.

Though very feeble went to Bethel In the evening much better. M^r Morrison preached well Campbell exhorted. Both spent the night with us.

Aug. 14. Sab.

Stronger. Went to Bethel M^r Campbell preached a good Sermon. M^r Morrison introduced the Ordinance M^r Campbell served the Second Table. I did nothing.

We had no additions. Alas, Alas.

15. Mon.

I am still improving.

16. Tu.

Rode to the Sawmill. In moving some scantlin I took a pain in my back, or rather right loin, which was troublesome.

17. Wed.

My back is much worse. I cannot move without much suffering.

18. Th.

My Back no better. Finished hauling out manure. Brought 17 Rafters from Engleman's Mill 4 inches by 3 & 13 1/2 feet long. Raising the timbers at the Barn 133 3/4 feet.

19. Fr.

Putting up the Plates at the Barn. My Back perhaps a little better.

20. Sat.

My back about the same. all but M^rs McFarland & I went to Anniversary of the Sons of Temperance at Mint Spring.

21. Sab.

Spent an uncomfortable night. My back no better & otherwise unwell Went to Bethel & preached with a degree of Strength & animation that astonished myself: & thanks to God. I had more than usual liberty & there seemed deep Solemnity on the Congregation.

Aug. 22. Mon.

My back is better & I am better every way, thanks to God. Reverend William E. Baker & his father in law, M^r King from Georgia came to see me. M^r Baker wants me to assist him at his Communion.

23. Tu.

I am still better. Archibald M^cR. Blain came last night & left us this morning on his way to Hampden-Sydney College. M^rs McFarland & I went to Greenville & Dined at M^r M^cClures-bought a number of Articles-visited Adam Hawpe's & came home.

24. Wed.

At home-fatigued. It rained last night moderately till say midnight.

25. Th.

Began to plow in the Orchard. Wrote to Reverend John S. Blain about a school for Robert. Too hard to plow.

26. Fr.

Very feeble in the morning but better afterwards. Studying.

27. Sat.

I am much better. Sent to Greenville for shingles & procured 2473.

28. Sab.

Moderate rain early. Mary & my Sons went to Church early. Near 10 a.m. it began to rain so fast that deemed it inexpedient to go. The Congregation was very small. It rained till 5 p.m.

Aug. 29. Mon.

Reading & writing Plowing in the Orchard.

30. Tu.

Went to John Bare's. Called at M^rs Mary Wallace's-not at home. Called at M^r Pilson's. Home. Plowing.

31. Wed.

at home reading & working. Completed the Spring-house.

On yesterday enclosed a Dollar to Reverend. D^r. N. L. Rice to pay for his Magazine for the current year.

September, 1859

Sept. 1. Th.

Went to M^r Palmer's sale.

2. F.

Went to Hebron & presided in the Installation of Reverend. John F. Baker & gave the Charge to the Pastor. Reverend. William. E. Baker preached the Sermon. & Reverend. L. Emerson charged the people.

3. S.

Quite unwell. Went to Hebron & preached. Felt much exhausted. M^rs McFarland & I dined at M^r Sterritt's.

4. Sab.

Rested badly. Quite unwell. Preached a long Sermon at Bethel. On Elders & Overseers or Bishops. Felt better than on yesterday.

5. Mon.

Reading. It rained much last night, & constantly & heavily till noon & then more moderately till night. This rain was much needed.

Sept. 6. Tu.

I am better-reading & working a little. The ground sufficiently wet for plowing sod.

7

Reading. Wrote to Francis.

8. Thurs.

Rode to Staunton. M^rs McFarland. & I dined at Reverend. William E. Baker's with M^r & M^rs King (Father & Mother of M^rs W. E. B.) & Reverend. John F. Baker. Made several small purchases.

9. Fr.

Studying a little, but not well.

10. Sat.

Had a bad night with Asthma. Today I am very feeble.

11. Sab.

I spent a very feverish night, did [added: not] see how it was possible for me to preach today took a cup of tea in bed. Rose at 8-exceedingly weak.

Went to Bethel & preached nearly an hour. Felt great exhaustion. Shortly after coming home went to bed. Had a burning fever & a distressing night. took Spirits of Nitre & some salts & the fever abated towards morning. [deleted: Today I am better but exhausted.]

12. Mon.

Ate a little breakfast in bed. Am very weak today, better.

13. Tu.

Not so well. Reading. Wrote to David Kunkle & to the Elders of Lebanon Church Recommending to them Reverend William. G. Campbell.

Sept. 13. continued.

Sowed the Orchard field with Smooth Mediterranean Wheat. Sowed on it 7 3/4 bushels; procured of M^r William J. Gilkeson at $1.12 1/2 per Bushel.

14. Wed.

I had a rather feverish night & am not well today. Reading.

15. Th.

Sowed 3 3/4 bushels. White wheat on the lot North. of the house. Finished seeding. I am better today. Studying & reading.

16. Fr.

It began to rain before day & continued with scarcely any abatement throughout the whole day. Wind strongly Northeast. Seldom is such a days rain experienced. Studying.

17. Sat.

It rained incessantly & heavily all night, & this morning till 8 1/2 O'clock. Streams high. Studying. I am better.

18. Sab.

I am better. Went to Bethel and preached to an unusually large Congregation who seemed interested in the subject.

19. Mon.

Pretty well. Writing.

20. Tu.

Raining-wind Northeast. Paid. M^r Stover for work done $35.00 and William Rosen in full $6.63 And they leave me for the present. Wrote to D^r Humphreys & Reverend. D^r. White.

Sept. 21. Wed.

The day Showery throughout & some very heavy. Mary & Robert went to Staunton & did not return.

22. Th.

Studying. Preached in the afternoon at James Hall's to a very few hearers. Letter from D^r. William Brown.

23. Fr.

Went to Greenville. Settled my store account with Lightner & Company. of 67.56 & paid him in full. I had advanced $50.

Dined at William. F. Smith's-called to see M^rs Gillum.

24. Sat.

Studying, but not in a good frame for Study. N. Burwell here. Letter from Betsey-all well.

25. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation with rather more liberty than usual. O, that God would give his word success. Not fatigued.

26. Mon.

Went to Staunton to endeavor to sell my little mare Jenny, but could not. Many people in town. Saw D^r. William. Brown & Reverend. William G. Campbell. D^r. Brown. & I dined at M^r Wail's.

27. Tu.

Repairing my Buggy.

28. Wed.

Went to Greenville Bought of Bumgarner & M^cClure 500 feet

of Pine plank. Dined at M^r Lewis Bumgarner's-Called at M^r James Bumgarner's.

Sept. 29. Th.

Sent to Greenville & got 500 [added: feet] more Pine plank: the whole at $1.25 per 100 feet. I promised to pay for them in six months.

Working at my Buggy.

30. Fr.

Studying a little & preparing for my journey to Synod. Cloudy all day, but no rain.

October, 1859

Octr. 1. Sat.

Cloudy & threatening in the morning, but no rain. M^rs M^cFarland and James set off for Winchester-would spend the Sabbath. at Augusta Church.

I preached for M^r Crawford at St. John's Church. to a pretty good Congregation. Dined at M^r Bumgarner's.

2. Sab.

Preached at Bethel. Spent the night at M^rs Sproul's.

3. Mon.

Set off for Synod at Christiansburg. Dined in Lexington at William. Whites. In company with M^r Pilson & Mary Pilson. drove to M^rs Moffett's. 23 + 14 = 37 miles Was very kindly treated.

4. Tu.

Drove 11 miles to Buchanan & 29 to Salem = 40 miles. Stayed at Honorable. Henry Edmonsons. Henry C. Blair there.

Octr. 5. Wed.

Attended to Mary Lewis' business. Drove 26 miles to Christiansburg. Stayed at M^r Stuarts the Pastor. Pleasantly situated & treated very kindly.

Reverend. D^r. B. M. Smith preached the opening Sermon.

6. Th.

My bowels much disordered by the water. At Synod all day. Dined at M^r Morrison's.

7. Fr.

A little frost. Bowels still disordered. Dined at D^r. Edie's.

8. Sat.

A Very heavy rain & continued all night. M^r Miller of Petersburg preached a good Sermon. on the relation of Baptized Children to the Church.

9. Sab.

Rained nearly all day D^r. Dabney preached a noble sermon. D^r. Wilson & I administered the Lords Supper in the afternoon. I took cold & did not go out at night.

10. Mon.

Set off for home. Arrived at Salem at 2.30 P.M. Dined at M^r Lonneau's spent the night at Frederick Johnston's. Preached in the Presbyterian. Church. Text. John 1:29. Had a very restless feverish night.

Oct. 11. Tu.

I am feverish & unwell. H.C. Blair Esquire paid me $44.00 for Mary Lewis. Drove 27 miles to the house of Jonathan. T. Anderson where I arrived about 3 p.m. & was very kindly received. & most hospitably entertained. Although quite unwell I enjoyed my visit much to this Christian family.

12. Wed.

I rested badly-am very unwell. Set out at 9 a. m. & drove slowly to Lexington where I arrived about 4 p. m. much exhausted. Stayed at William White's where I was treated with great kindness. M^rs White presented me with a handsome Vest pattern of corded silk, & all the trimmings.

13. Th.

I reached home about dusk much broken down. But thanks to God that I am safely at home. I found all well.

14. Fr.

Still quite unwell, could only be on the sofa & read newspapers. At dusk, to my surprise, M^rs M^cFarland & James reached home quite well-had come from Winchester in two days.

15. Sat.

Still unwell. Studying.

16. Sab.

A heavy & killing frost. Cough very troublesome. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation.

17. Mon.

Spent an uncomfortable night, & am quite unwell today.

Octr. 18. Tu.

Still much oppressed with my cold. Doing little today but reading Newspapers.

19. Wed.

Went to Greenville to get groceries from Leightner & Company which he gives me at cost & Carriage. Dined at M^r Smith's.

M^rs Elisabeth Brown came to see us. Also M^rs Stewart & Miss Rose Kennedy.

20. Th.

I am suffering with my cough. The family all went to spend the day at M^r Gilkeson's except the boys & me.

21. Fr.

The coldest day since April. Studying a little & making an abstract of the Minutes of Synod.

22. Sat.

Cloudy & cool. Studying.

23. Sab.

Clear, but chilly. Preached to a good Congregation. with some liberty People very attentive. M^rs Stewart & Rose Kennedy there.

24. Mon.

Mary & I went to Staunton. I Bought from Moreby & Taylor two pair of Boots for Robert & James for $8 did not pay for them.

25. Tu.

I spent a very restless & feverish night-cause unknown. Today unable to do anything.

Octr. 26. Wed.

Rested better & am better today. Wrote to Betsey. Sent my Check to William S. Martin & Company. for $35. for the benefit of Reverend. M^r Chiniquy's Colony in Illinois. Sent an extract from the Minutes of the Synod of Virginia to the Synod of North Carolina.

27. Thurs.

Pretty well. Sent on the remainder of the Abstract of Synodical proceedings. Chilly day.

28. Fr.

Day quite cold. Went to Bethel M^r Hepburn preached a good sermon on rejoicing in God. He came home with us. Moderate Congregation.

29. Sat.

No applicants to be received. into the Communion of the Church-Alas.

M^r Hepburn preached an excellent Sermon-instructive & practical-delivered with animation; giving me an increased confidence in his ability. John 5:39, 40 mainly on the unwillingness of sinners to to come to Christ for life.

30. Sab.

Received John Pilson received on examination into the Church-a very promising youth. May he be a blessing to the Church.

M^r. Hepburn Preached in Greenville last evening; it is said an excellent Sermon. He preached an excellent sermon today on "Return unto me & I will return unto you. It was a pleasant communion season.

Oct. 31. Mon.

Working & reading.

November, 1859

Nov. 1. Tu.

Married James W. Hudson & Ann Eliza Doak Brown.

Bought a Bill of goods of Lightner & Company.

2. Wed.

Day Milder. Took M^rs M^cFarland to M^r Bumgarners. I went on to Middlebrook to get a coat made. M^r A. Lightner cut an overcoat for James of Lion Skin. Dined at M^r Bumgarner's.

3. Thurs.

At home. That troublesome eruption has again appeared on my legs & for several days has kept me uneasy & it is worse today.

4. Fr.

My legs worse today. Rode to Cochran's Mill to try the sulfur Water there; but I think it is too weak to be of any service to me. Have not felt comfortable enough to study today.

Wrote to D^r. William Brown telling him that I feared I should disappoint him.

5. Sat.

Suffered with the eruption last night. Drank water from at spring at Cochran's mill which proved quite diuretic. Did not rise tell near 11 a.m. Could study very little.

6. Sab.

In bed all day.

A little better-the mineral water proves useful.

I could not stand without pain. Thought it best to remain in bed. I was sorry I could not preach, for there was a good Congregation. But, the will of the Lord be done.

Nov. 7. Mon.

Spent a very uncomfortable night-head much disordered & very laborious breathing. I think that Mineral water disagrees with me in some respects. But my legs are decidedly better Kept my bed till after dinner, then rose. My legs do not hurt me so much when I stand.

8. Tu.

Rested better last night. Rose early & was at the table at all my meals. But my legs became more uneasy.

9. Wed.

Rested very badly from laborious breathing. I know not from what cause. My legs rather better. Wrote to D^r. M.D. Hoge.

10. Thurs.

I am much better; have been able to walk about & direct about making a wagon Body.

11. Fr.

Paid M^r Stover $16.25 in full Paid William Rosen in full for this week's work. $3.00 At noon set off for Staunton & took Robert with me. Mary & Frank went to M^r Brown's. At 3 p.m. took the Cars and arrived at 4 at Pondgap Depot. M^r Kunkle sent me to Crawford's treated very kindly by the family.

Nov. 12. Sat.

Spent the day mostly reading the two Presbyterians. A Party of hunters of 22 & over 30 dogs came hear for a week's hunt. They are very noisy.

13. Sab.

I spent an uncomfortable night with Asthma-sat in the parlor from 3 a.m. till morning. Had a bad headache & did not rise till near noon. I feel out of my element today. No opportunity of preaching Christ. But the eruption is disappearing, & I trust my labors will not be interrupted during the winter. The day uncomfortably cool.

14. Mon.

Very cold. Ice on my windows inside, although I rose & made a good fire at midnight & kept it up for two hours. Suffered much with Asthma. Better today.

M^r Campbell called to see me. The Hunters killed 3 deer-one very large Buck, 7 prongs.

15. Tu.

A good deal of ice, but calm. Spent a restless & feverish night. This morning my pulse 110. Wrote to M^rs. M^cFarland.

16. Wed.

I rested pretty well last night & feel much better today. The hunters killed one deer yesterday & one today.

Nov. 17. Thurs.

Last night & the night before I slept on a pallet in the parlor & have been free from Asthma. I am pretty well today the eruption has entirely dried up & I trust I shall now be free from it. There are here M^r & M^rs Morris. M^rs Morris daughter to M^r Crawford M^r Morris is the Clerk to a house in Baltimore. M^r Carr from North Garden in Albemarle County aged 23 one of the hunters, M^r Smith & Son, near Brookville, Captain Coles.

Miss Estaline Ramsey teaches in the family.

I am pretty well. The sulfur water has proved very diuretic & almost every vestige of the eruption is gone. M^rs Crawford would receive no compensation for my Board. They have treated me very kindly. May God reward them for it.

At 2 p.m. went over to the Depot, & at 3 left it on Captain Fink's train. Reached Staunton about Sunset. M^r Campbell met me at the Depot & I went home with him & spent the night. Treated very kindly.

18 Fr.

Made a few purchases = 40 lbs of 8d. nails at 3 1/2 other nails 62 1/2. A Lamp to burn Coal Oil $1.50 One Gallon. Coal Oil at $1.50 Came home to dinner with James all well. Thanks be to God.

19. Sat.

Confined to bed with a bad headache till 2 p.m. could not study.

Nov. 20. S.

Not well, but went to Bethel & preached to a good Congregation. Took a Collection for a Church in Louisa County to which Reverend John M. Goul preaches, to aid them in rebuilding their their Church which was destroyed by fire.

21. Mon.

Pretty well. Working. Sold a Steer to M^r Parkins for $35. I bought him a year ago for $22. Put up our hogs to fatten.

22. Tu.

Reading. Remitted $5. to Peter Walker to pay for the Biblical Repertory for this year for Major. Preston & M^r Morrison. Wrote to S.C. Henry, Philadelphia.

23. Wed.

Rode to Greenville. Bought various articles of Lightner & Company. Dined at M^r M^cClung's. Called at M^rs Charlotte Tate's. She not at home. Called to see Samuel. Humphreys, who has been sick. Went to Middlebrook for my Coat which M^r Keizer has made & brought it home. Fatigued.

24. Thurs.

This day appointed in 25 states as a day of Thanksgiving and by our own Synod. We had a pretty good Congregation & I think a pleasant day to God's people. M^rs M^cFarland & James went to M^r Blackwood's.

This evening at 4 O'clock M^rs Phebe Thompson died Suddenly.

Nov. 25. Fr.

Preparing a Funeral sermon. M^rs M^cFarland did not return. Day threatening.

26. Sat.

Lovely mild day. Preached to a very large audience at the Funeral of M^rs Phoebe S. Thompson, wife of John L. Thompson. She & her husband were at Church on Thursday-Thanksgiving day-returned home & ate her dinner as well as usual. M^r Thompson. left her to go to Greenville-She was taken with a hemorrhage-vomited blood copiously, & died in a few minutes. Her husband was recalled & was back in from 7 to 9 minutes but she was dead.

She was an eminently pious devoted Christian & one of my very best friends. May God bless the solemn call to her bereaved husband.

27. Sab.

Day damp cloudy & threatening. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation. M^r J.B.J. Logan & M^r Dinkle came home with us.

28. Mon.

Transcribing Minutes of Synod for the press. My sons gathering Corn. Wrote a long letter to D^r. William Brown.

29. Tu.

Delightful weather. Had John Weaver & James. Rosen helping to husk corn. M^rs Mary Wallace spent the day here.

30. Wed.

Rode to Mint Spring. George Koiner here. M. Pilson & wife here. Hauling in Corn.

December, 1859

Dec 1. Th.

A very warm day. Finished hauling in Corn. Put away about [blank space] Bushels of sound corn.

Preparing Minutes & working.

2. Fr.

A lovely warm day. Saw a Butterfly in the open air.

Had M^r Stover & William Rosen building a Cowshed. M^r Stover got his knee hurt & I had to send him home in my Buggy. M^rs M^cFarland & Mary made a visit to John Hays.

3. Sat.

It began to rain moderately before day & it increased with the wind Northeast. & then turned to sleet & snow. Samuel Christian spent the night here.

4. Sab.

A gloomy day. The trees loaded with ice. Very unpleasant traveling from the falling of the ice. Had a good Congregation for the day.

5. Mon.

A very thick fog all day. Robert went to Staunton & sent a Draft on New. York for 15 dollars to [blank space] for a Sewing Machine for the sale of which he proposes to take an Agency. I was working, reading & writing.

6. Tu.

Still thick fog & some rain. In the afternoon the wind West. & cloudy Preparing Minutes for the press.

Dec. 7. Wed.

The day quite showery & turning colder. Reading & writing.

8. Thurs.

The morning very cold.

Rode to Greenville & Baptized two children of Andrew W. M^cClure's. Bought stuff for a Coat for Robert-Blue Casinet.

This day my son Robert is of age =21. O that he might begin to live not to himself but to God. I suffered much with cold riding home.

9. Fr.

Very cold still. I feel the cold so much I am unfit for anything.

This morning My three horses-Prince, Judge & Squire, ran off with the wagon, but very mercifully it was ordered that little harm was done except breaking parts of the wagon.

10. Sat.

Studying. John Wright hauling wood for us.

11. Sab.

pretty cold; a good Congregation & very attentive. Had a good degree of liberty.

D^r. William Brown came from Hebron & spent the night with us.

12. Mon.

Reading & writing. Pleasant day.

13. Tu.

Morning hazy-then cloudy & threatening Snow. Had William Silers & John Weaver Butchering. Killed 8 fine hogs & a noble Beef.

Dec. 14th. Wed.

Day chilly but pleasant for the season. I finished a copy of the Minutes of Synod for the press.

15. Th.

cold but tolerably pleasant. Sent Robert to Staunton with the Minutes of Synod to the Printer. Sent James with the wagon to Greenville to be repaired.

16. Fr.

Cold. Having been invited by Reverend Horatio Thompson Doctor of Divinity to preach the Dedication Sermon at their new Church tomorrow, I set out to be in reach. Called to see M^rs Bumgarner who has been suffering with inflamatory Rheumatism. She is a little better. Called to see M^rs Elenor Patterson who has had a slight stroke of Palsy. Spent the night at D.C. Gilkeson's.

17. Sat.

I was seriously threatened with an attack of Pleurisy. Suffered much with pain in my side. Did not rise till after 9 O'clock. This morning very stormy. Sleet & then rain freezeing. Could not go out. Ben M^cClung & Robert Patterson came & stayed till after dinner. Not well enough to go home.

18. Sab.

Spent a feverish night. Pulse this morning at 112. M^r Gilkeson. took me to Bethel in his Carriage. I preached as usual to a moderate Congregation. Felt badly when I got home. Went to bed about dark. I am invited to preach at the Dedication of

old Providence Church tomorrow.

Dec. 19. Mon.

Spent a feverish night. So unwell did not rise till the Afternoon & so could not go to Old. Providence. Had to take medicine. I learn much disappointment was expressed at my failure to come to Old Providence.

20. Tu.

I rested badly last night also. It began to snow before day & 1 1/2 inches fell. Then it rained & Cleared off. I was too unwell to go to marry John Wilson to Margaret, daughter of Alexander Brownlee, & had to send James to let them know. Rebecca Wilson came & spent the night.

21. Wed.

Clear & quite cold. Reading and working. Wrote to Reverend Horatio Thompson Doctor of Divinity explaining the cause of my absence from the Dedication of his church.

22. Th.

Cold. Reading & working. Rhoda went to Staunton.

23. Fr.

Colder. Hauling wood. I was reading & working.

My sons went to a Party at M^r Gilkeson's.

24. Sat.

Studying. James went to Greenville for our wagon which was repaired.

25. Sab.

As Christmas came on the Sabbath. I preached on the Word was made Flesh. The day was cold, but we had a pretty good congregation. & they were very attentive. Went to see M^rs Bumgarner. Dined there.

Dec. 26. Mon.

Day mild & pleasant. I & my sons went to Staunton. I agreed to hire a Boy named Jefferson from Joseph Smith for the next year at $110.

27. Tu.

Preached to a large number of colored people at M^rs Wallace's.

28. Wed.

About an inch of snow fell last night. Day Very gloomy. Reading.

29. Th.

Still gloomy. There was a fine mist during the night which with an East Wind frosted one side of the trees & bushes very curiously. In the morning it turned to Snow. But little fell. Yesterday & today I am taking cold. Remitted my check to John M. Goul for $23.

30. Fr.

I am quite unwell with my Cold; did not rise till 10 O'clock & cannot study.

31. Sat.

Still suffering with my cold. Could Study but little. Sent Robert with my Bond for $110. to Joseph Smith for the hire of Jefferson.

1860

January, 1860

Jan 1st 1860. Sab.

Cold. Went to Bethel in my Buggy with Mary; my sons also along. M^rs. McFarland at home. Met a pretty good Congregation for the day. Preached on God's Mercies & judgments to world during the last year. Suffered much with the cold & my lungs in a state of much irritation; felt badly.

I have still very much to be thankful to God. My Family are enjoying pretty good health-all at home but Francis and Betsey & they were well when last heard from. Mary Lou's health is excellent. She is steadily improving in strength & now seems to depend but little on her crutches. I have an oppressive Cold, but I trust it will soon pass away.

J. Humphreys, Betsey & their children are still Boarding at Shannon's (Sharon in Wyth County) but will remove as soon as a favorable opening is found.

Francis is still in Washington City, & I think in no regular business.

2. Mon.

This the coldest day since January 1857. I am still very unwell from my Cold.

3. Tu.

Still cold but moderated. I am better. Wrote to William L. Martien & Company Moore, Hoge & Company To James. M. Collingwood & enclosed $1. to get 2 gold pens pointed etc. Wrote to Joseph. M. Wilson & enclosed $1.12 for the Planter's Almanac & $1.00 for the Planter's Magazine.

Jan. 4, 1860. Wed.

Weather moderated. I am much relieved from any cold. Reading & working.

Got another barrel of flour from M^r William J. Gilkeson.

5. Th.

Cold. I am still better. Robert received a Sewing Machine from Boston, but it is not the one ordered as I think. M^rs Wright, Ruth A. Henderson, Sally Gilkeson, Miss English & Mary M^cPheeters here. I have been reading & writing.

6. Fr.

Cold still. Reading & writing.

7. Sat.

About 9 a.m. it began to rain & continued most of the day. I have been preparing for the Sabbath.

8. Sab.

Clear & mild but icy roads. Preached to a pretty good Congregation on the Conversion of the World to God. This week has been set apart for Special prayer for this Object.

9. Mon.

Mild. Robert & Mary went to visit at M^r Mish's & M^r Dunlap's. I went to see John Thompson. I hope my visit will be profitable to his soul. Paid postage on periodical for 1859. Bought of Lightner & Company 12 lbs of Rice at 6 1/4. Called at John Hay's.

10. Tu.

Warm. Reading etc.

11. Wed.

very warm. Preached to the inmates of the Poorhouse. M^r Griaver & his wife; members of the Presbyterian Church there.

12. Thurs.

Rained moderately till noon. Reading. Wrote to Henry G. Blair Esquire about Mary's business. Wrote to the Carbon Oil Company Number 191 Pearl Street New York.

13. Fr.

The thickest fog I think I ever saw. Corrected the 1^st proof of the Minutes of Synod & sent James with it to Staunton.

14. Sat.

Rained & froze. Studying. Letter from D^r William. Brown.

15. Sab.

Day pleasant-roads bad. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation on the duty of praying for rulers. It seemed to be called for from the present alarming state of public affairs, especially in Congress as the House of Representatives has not been able to select a speaker now for nearly six weeks.

16. Mon.

Wrote to Moore, Hoge & Company & enclosed my Check for $50.00 for 25 Subscriptions to the Central Presbyterian for 1860. Wrote also to William S. Martien & Company & enclosed my check for $18.00 for 9 subscriptions. Took the letters to Mint Spring myself. Prayed with old M^rs Gardner who is sinking.

Jan. 17, 1860. Tu.

Snowed early, but cleared off. Preached at William Cochran's at the Funeral of his sister Jane Cochran aged 75 years. Few present.

18. Wed.

Reading & working.

19. Th.

Sharping saws & superintending the construction of a cow-shed. My sons putting on the roof. The day Cold. Wrote to D^r. W. Brown.

20. Fr.

Day mild. Finished the Cow-shed. Also trying to study.

21. Saturday.

Warm & pleasant. Hands hauling wood. I was busying studying. M^rs Gilkeson here. Old M^rs Gardner died this morning. I am asked to preach at the funeral tomorrow at 11 a.m. but I cannot think it my duty to disappoint my Congregation at Bethel. I proposed to preach at 2.30 or 3 p.m.

22. Sab.

Delightful day-not very wet. Preached at Bethel to a pretty good Congregation. Intended to go direct to A. Gardner's but when I reached Colonel Wilson's found the funeral was over. Reverend. M^r Davis of the Lutheran Church had preached to a large Congregation. We dined at Colonel Wilson's & came home.

Jany . 23. Mon.

M^rs M^cFarland & Robert & I went to Staunton. Dined at the Virginia Hotel on the invitation of M^r Jordan. Bought several articles. M^rs McFarland bought a shawl for $10.50.

24. Tu.

Set out at 8.45 & rode on horseback to R.L. Wallaces to see his wife who has been ill for 2 weeks with Typhoid and Pneumonia-is thought to be a little better today; talked with her a few minutes & offered a very short prayer. After dinner called to see Issabella Doak. She is well. Called to see Nanny Doak who is seriously threatened with paralysis. She is a little better. M^r Ross there has Pneumonia-is better. Stopped a few minutes at M^r Alexander Brownlee's. Returned home much fatigued.

25. Wed.

The day very pleasant & warm. I have been reading & resting. Hands hauling firewood.

26. Th.

Cloudy & threatening-a little hail then cloudy. At night rain.

Rode to James Hall's & paid him $30.00 for Rhoda's hire last year & he paid me for 4 pounds of Wool & for the Central Presbyterian $2 for this year.

27. Fr.

Reading & studying a little. Cool.

Jan. 28. Sat.

High wind. Studying. M^r Gilkeson sent up his threshing Machine.

29. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a large & attentive Congregation and with some liberty.

30. Mon.

Clear & mild. Francis Gilkeson & Washington & 3 horses taking out oats & Wheat & a little cloverseed. John Weaver & John Wright assisting. Finished by 3 O'clock.

Wrote to D^r. M.D. Hoge, giving him an order to draw my money out of the Savings Bank. Invest it in Virginia State Stocks (701.56 and about 33 dolls of interest. Or rather the order was for John N. Gordon to draw it & pay it over to D^r. Hoge.

31. Tu.

Mary & Frank went to Greenville. Cleaned up 60 bushels of Oats, my whole crop. The morning hazy. About noon begain to rain, & at night rained heavily. About 9 p.m. began to snow.

February, 1860

Feb. 1. Wed.

Very Cold. 3 inches of snow. I was reading & working.

2. Th.

Still very cold. Finished screening wheat had 31 Bushels.

3. Fr.

Studying. M^r Pilson spent the afternoon here. At 9 P.M. Thermometer. at +7.

Feb. 4. Sat.

Studying.

Received a letter from Reverend. M.D. Hoge Doctor of Divinity enclosing Virginia. State Script for 6 per ct. stock $300.00 I drew what money I had in the City Saving's Bank & D^r Hoge was so kind as to make the purchase for me which he did at 92 1/2. I owe him now a balance of $5.72.

5. Sab..

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation. Mary & Frank returned.

6. Mon.

James Hays & wife came to see us. I went to Staunton to mail the Minutes of Synod. Spent the night at Colonel William P. Tates. Very kindly entertained.

7. Tu.

Pleasant but hazy. Mailed 364 copies of the minutes of Synod & paid a cent each postage. Paid for Printing 500 copies $45.

Paid. D.A. Kayser $37 collected in Bethel for Foreign Missions, also $1.50 for the Home & Foreign Record of D.C. Gilkeson.

Paid. Moseby & Taylors Bill to date $15.00

8. Wed.

Misses Molly & Catharine Bumgarner & Miss Wilson here last night. I am reading & writing & resting.

9. Th.

I went to Greenville. Paid my Bill to Lightner & Company. of $24.00. Also paid John Robertson for blacksmith work on my wagon. Dined at D^r Tate's.

Feb. 10. Fr.

Clear & cold. Engaged in study for the Sabbath.

11. Sat.

Studying. Wrote to William S. Martien & Company & enclosed two gold dollars for the Presbyterian for D^r John M. Tate.

12. Sab.

Clear & cool. Roads rough. Preached at Bethel to a large & very attentive Congregation.

13. Mon.

Mild. In the evening threatening. I was working all day-putting new spouts to the cistern & repairing a gate. This day Robert commenced teaching a school at Mint Spring, but he had only two scholars.

14. Tu.

Day warm. Working & reading. Before sunset it begain to rain & continued till bedtime.

15. Wed.

After midnight it began to & continued moderately till noon only 3 or 4 inches on the ground. Robert & James were at a Party William L. Smiths where it was said there were 150 persons. I began today to record the Minutes of Synod. Wrote only 3 pages.

16. Th.

Writing Minutes etc.

17. Fr.

Studying.

Feb. 18. Sat.

It began to snow in the night & about 4 inches fell. In the morning it turned to rain & rained moderately. I was preparing for the Sabbath.

19. Sab.

The day very cold & the roads very bad. I preached to a small Congregation.

20. Mon.

Spent the day reading & writing.

21. Tu.

Day very mild. The evening clouds from the South & threatening. James building a hogpen.

22. Wed.

It began to rain in the night & continued till 10 a.m. then clear & warm. Writing & working.

Samuel & Lizzie Pilson came here to spend the night.

23. Th.

This the day for Concert of Prayer for the youth of our Country. We went to Bethel. The meeting was not large but somewhat interesting.

24. Fr.

Working & studying.

25. Sat.

Studying. Robert & Mary went to Greenville & M^r. Wallace's.

26. Sab.

The day clear & cool. Preached to a large & attentive Congregation & with some liberty.

27. Mon.

Spent the day reading.

Feb. 28. Tu.

Day very pleasant. I got Judge Shod at Lightners. Dined at John Hays' & wrote an Article of agreement between John Hays and James M. Hays. Called at Samuel Hays'. Mary & Frank went to Greenville

29. Wed.

Went to Staunton. Called to see M^rs Stribling & M^rs M^cClung. Made some small purchases. It began to rain about sunset & rained heavily in the night.

March, 1860

March 1. Th.

Day mild. Reading writing & working.

2. Fr.

Studying. Pleasant day.

3. Sat.

Studying. Very mild. Shower.

4. Sab.

Windy Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation & very attentive. Called to see M^rs Stover.

5. Mon.

Writing & reading. Pleasant.

6. Tu.

Plowed a land in the Northwest field. Executed a Will for John Hays & Articles of agreement between John Hays & James M. Hays. Dined at William L. Smith's. Paid Bumgarner & M^c Clure in full and % A. Lightner's Account for smithwork & William. Hess for repairing wagon visited John Brownlee.

March 7. Wed.

Wrote to Henry A. Kerr New York and enclosed a letter to the Agent of the Carbon Oil Company & $5.25 to buy Oil. Rode to Mint Spring & settled with M^r Gardner to this date.

8. Thurs.

A cloud in the West & Thunder. It passed round North & M^rs McFarland & I set off for Greenville. It began to rain Moderately & gradually increased. I went to the sale of the Miss Soak's property. Dined at Alexander Brownlee's. Returned home.

9. Fr.

Day cold with snow showers. Reading & studying.

10. Sat.

Very cold. Plowing near the springhouse. Studying.

11. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation.

12. Mon.

In the morning mild; wind West but in the afternoon it turned South. Fell to the freezing point. Studying question in the Confession of Faith.

13. Tu.

Cold Called at James M^cClungs. Dined at M^r Patterson. Attended my Catechising at Broadhead School House. Called at M^r Wallace. Spent the night at M^r M^cClure's.

14. Wed.

Called at M^r Mc[illeg.]. M^rs [deleted: McGaff] Doaks. Dined at M^r Merritts. Home.

March 15. Th.

working. Held a Catechising at Mount Ida.

16. Fr.

Studying.

17. Sat.

Was summoned by J. East to attend in Greenville as a witness in a suit between him & John J. Beard about the price of Mat-horse. Beard did not come & the case was postponed. Dined at M^r Smith's. Home at 3 P.M. Studying.

18. Sab.

It began to rain early & rained so much that I did not go to Bethel, not expecting a Congregation. My sons went there were 34 persons there. Misters Pilson & Brownlee held a Prayer meeting. Rained all day.

19. Mon.

Rained moderately all last night & all day to day till sunset. I recorded 5 pages of minutes of Synod.

20. Tu.

M^rs M^cFarland and James went to Bethel to clean the Church. Robert & Jefferson work on the road to the Church. I recorded 6 pages.

21. W.

Mary & Robert went to Staunton. I recording minutes 4 pages. Wrote & enclosed a Gold Dollar for the Journal of Commerce. Wrote to D^r. White, J.L. Campbell, Reverend M^r Pinney and Colonel William C. Patterson.

March 22. Th.

Sowed Oats near the spring-house. Writing & working.

23. F.

M^rs McFarland & Mary & James & Robt & Frank went to Bethel about carpeting the Church. Sowed oats at the foot of the front meadow. I was working & reading. Plowing for corn. Mrs M^cFarland did not come home.

24. Sat.

Studying & reading. M^rs McFarland came home.

25. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation with some liberty. Day chilly.

26. Mon.

M^rs McFarland & I went to Staunton & James took the wagon & brought home a Barrel. Allum water which M^r Burrows sent me gratis. Also 5 gallons. Carbon Oil from the Carbon Oil Company New York Cost 85 cents per Gallon there: vessel one dollar-changes to Staunton $1.25=$6.50 being $1.0 per Gallon. Also 800 Weight. Plaster of Paris ground=at $12 per ton=Total $4.35. Took my trunk to be repaired. Took an Oil can & sent it by William L. Smith to Richmond for flaxseed Oil. Dined at Colonel Tates. Snow shower.

27. Tu.

Went to see John Thompson who is very ill. Visited Alexander Brownlee's family Conversed with Mary & M^rs Wilson on who contemplate joining the Church.

March 27. Tu. Continued.

Called at John Larew's whose daughter proposed to join the Church. Brought home 50 pound keg of pure white lead. Cost in Richmond $4.88.

28. Wed.

Went to see M^rs James Hall who has been very unwell. Paid M^r Hall for some time Roda was with us in 1848 $2.70 & for a piece of Beeswax 30 cents =$3.00. He gave me .50 for Missions.

29. Th.

Went to see John Thompson he is worse I fear will not recover. Dined at Adam Hawpe's. Had an interesting conversation with him about joining the Church. Called at John & Samuel Hays' talked to the young.

30. Fr.

John P. M^cClure came to let me know that John L. Thompson died last night at 9.15 O'clock. Studying-Plowing for corn.

31. Sat.

I preached at the funeral of John L. Thompson, one of my warmest friends who died in a weeks sickness. I trust he was a pious man though not a member of the Church. I urged from his example the importance of a profession of religion.

April, 1860

April 1st. Sab.

Rained in the morning about 10 abated. M^rs McFarland stayed at home. I preached at Bethel to a thin Congregation & with more liberty than usual. Spent the night at John Brownlee's.

2. Mon.

Visited Samuel Humphreys who is very low. Fears are entertained that he may not recover. His mind is perfectly calm. Visited M^rs Patterson M^r M^cClung (M^r James Gilkeson & wife there M^rs Wilson-A Brownlee's family & M^r Britain's.

3. Tu.

At home feel fatigued. Wrote to Betsey, D^r William Brown & Reverend J. Doll. Mary & Robert went to Staunton.

4. Wed.

Rained till near noon. Clear. Sowed cloverseed near the Springhouse. I was reading and working.

5. Th.

Finished plowing for corn. I was working. In the afternoon visited at Samuel Hays' to converse with the young people. Found the girls very tender on the subject of Religion. Wind very high.

6. Fr.

Last night I was quite unwell & this morning did not rise till near 9 o'clock. Could do little.

7. Sat.

Studying-my sons went to muster. Harrowing for corn.

April 8. Sab.

Went to Bethel the session met & received into the Communion of the Church Sarah Jane Hays and Susan Margaret Hays, daughter of Samuel Hays, the Elder. Also Mary Susan Brownlee & Melissa Ann Brownlee, daughters of Alexander Brownlee, the Elder. Also Mary Elisabeth Larew, daughter of John B. Also Adam M. Hawpe. Glory to God for this privilege. Baptized Miss Larew.

Preached to a large & attentive Congregation. Dined at Matthew Pilsons. Preached at Christians Creek Schoolhouse to a full house. Came home somewhat fatigued. But thankful to God for the ability to labor in his vineyard.

9. Mon.

Wrote to the Editors of the Journal of Commerce which has failed to come for two weeks & I fear the money sent has miscarried. Wrote to F.N. Watkins Esquire about a school for Robert. Also to William D. Blanton, who advertises for a Teacher. Went to Greenville & made various purchases of Lightner & Company. Called at M^r Bumgarners. Home. Marking out for Corn in Northwest field.

10. Tu.

Called to preach at the Funeral of John Christ, aged 90 years. A very fine shower about 5 P.M. Marking for corn in front of the house.

April 11. Wed.

The Presbytery of Lexington met at Bethel Church-a full meeting. A good Sermon was preached at the opening by Reverend. E. Thomas.

D^r White & his son Henry, D^r. William Brown & M^r. Samuel Brown came & spent the night with us.

12. Th.

day cool-attended Presbytery. Reverend W.E. Baker preached a good Sermon on the words of Peter-Master, we have toiled all night & have caught nothing etc. Prayers & exhortations by D^r White & M^r S. Brown. D^r Brown Messrs Miller Richardson & Lawson & Elder Hasseldon here all night.

13. Fr.

Attended Presbytery. M^r Henry M. White was examined on Theology & the Sacrament & Church History & the Church Government by me-read a Lecture & delivered a Popular Sermon & was Licensed. Reverend Enoch Thomas preached a good Missionary Sermon & a Collection of $47.42 was received.

Had no company home with us.

14. Sat.

Attended Presbytery & closely engaged all day. Session met & Virginia Ruth Gilkeson was received also David Brainard M^cClung & Jeffery a Servant of Adam Hawpe aged about 78. Reverend John Miller a good Sermon rather too metaphysical on God So loved the world etc John 3:16. M^r Blain & M^r King with us.

The Presbytery adjourned about 5 P.M. after a harmonious delightful Session.

April 15th. Sab .

The Session met at 10 a.m. and received on Examination Thomas M. Crosen who had been a probationer for a month in the Methodist Episcopal. Church. South. Also James Thomas J. Gillum & Eugenia E. Sproul. D^r White preached a good Sermon on Ephesians 2:13 "For by him we both have access by one spirit into the Father." Reverend Samuel Brown introduced the Communion & M^r. Blain dispensed the cup & made a good address & M^r Thomas closed the services. We have great reason for the thankfulness for being permitted to receive Twelve on Examination the largest number for many years. All the Glory to God. M^r Blain spent the night with us.

16. Mon.

Feel a great sense of fatigue. Reading & writing.

17. Tu.

Still feel a sense of fatigue. Began to plant corn on the West side of the Northwest field-dropping ashes & Plaster in the hill.

18. Wed.

Cool & threatening. Planting corn. I was writing Minutes of Synod.

19. Th.

Rain. Finished the Minutes of Synod. ready for the General Assembly.

20. Fri.

Finished planting Corn in the Northwest Field & commenced in front of the house with corn got from Ira Swatsby.

21. Sat.

Studying. Finished planting corn. Planted about half an acre of Sorghum below the wagon shed.

22. Sab.

A delightful day. Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation an earnest Sermon. May God Bless it.

23. Mon.

Cool. Went to Staunton. Court day. Attended to various matters of business. Dined with M^rs Campbell.

24. Tu.

Visited with M^rs McFarland at M^r M^cClung's-he is suffering more. Ben has been very unwell with Pneumonia, is improving. Dined there.

At M^rs Pattersons to tea. Phebe has returned is very feeble, but better. He is improving.

25. Wed.

Frost. Visited at Andrew M^cClungs L.C. Gilkeson's & dined at Alexander Brownlees. Bought a large Bill of Goods from Lightner & Company. Then home. Articles for Robert value = $7.30.

26. Th.

Cold. Went to Staunton, also Robert & James. Got a ton (1100 lbs) of Plaster & various other articles. Had my Buggy tires all cut & new Bolts $4.00.

Apl. 26. continued

A Coat of Casimere for Robert $4.50 Vest, Ditto. 1.75 Trunk for Ditto. $5.00. 75 feet of Old sprouting at 5 cents =$3.75. Paid William. J. Gilkeson a Note of F.W. McFarland for $87.12 dated March 19^th 1857 & 8 years interest= $15.68. Sum paid $102.80. M^rs McFarland & Mary etc. at M^r Gilkeson's.

27. Fr.

Still cool. Visited Samuel Pilson who has had an attack of Drysepela. Dined at Adam Hawpes. Went to Granville & home, calling at M^r J. Bumgarners.

28. Sat.

Studying. Sowing Plaster.

29. Sab.

Cool. Preached at Bethel to a moderate Congregation. In the afternoon at Mount Ida to a very full house. Had sore mouth.

30. Mon.

Weary. Reading & writing letters of introduction for Robert who is going to Cumberland County in this state to teach in the family of William D. Blanton, who is well recommended to me by F. N. Watkins Esquire and offers Robert $200 for a session of eight months. The number of Scholars will not exceed 10 or 12. Board etc. found.

May, 1860

May 1. Tu.

A good rain this morning. I gave Robert $20 for expenses etc. etc. He is pretty well supplied with clothing.

May 1st. Tu. Continued.

After dinner James took Robert & his baggage to Staunton on his way to his place of business i.e. teaching.

2. Wed.

Day cool & unpleasant. Reading.

3. Thurs.

Planted some Potatoes on this side of the Northwest field. M^rs M^cFarland & I went to Middlebrook-dined at M^r Gardner's. Called on Reverend M^r Crawford-M^rs Randolph & M^rs D^r William M^cChesney. Spent the night at M^rs Sprouls. Colonel S.V. Emaline only at home.

4. Fr.

Mild & pleasant Spring morning. Called a few minutes at M^r Bumgarners, & came home to dinner.

5. Sat.

Pleasant spring day. Studying but dull. Mary & James went to Greenville & M^rs Pattersons.

6. Sab.

Warm. Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation. Dined at D^r. Tates & preached in Greenville to a large Congregation. M^rs M^cFarland & I spent the night M^r Ballard Smith's.

7. Mon.

Very warm. M^r Ballard Smith & wife went with us to James Smith's. Dined there. Visited Samuel Pilson. Received letters from Robert & Betsey.

8. Tu.

Resting & reading.

May 9th. Wed.

There was a light shower early this morning and damp through the day. Hauling for 3 days Locusts for Pasture etc. to the sawmill.

I wrote letters to D^rs Musgrave, Chenler & J. Leighton Scelson-also the General Patterson & my son Robert.

10. Th.

Two very heavy showers-were much needed & will do great good. Reading & studying a little.

11. Fr.

Damp & slight showers. Studying. Went to see M^rs Colonel Wilson who has suffered much with Eruption, is better. Went to the Post Office Received a letter from Francis.

12. Sat.

Pleasant. Studying.

13. Sab.

Preached at Bethel with a good deal of liberty. Dined at A.F. Humphreys. Called to see Samuel Humphreys. he is improving. Preached at Broadhead to a full house. Spent the night at Andrew M^cClung's.

14. Mon.

called on M^rs Patterson & Phebe. The latter I fear cannot live long. Called at D.C. Gilkeson's, James M^cClung's Dined at William Smith's. Called to see Samuel Hays. A letter from D^r. Humphreys.

15. Tu.

Languid & not well. Reading. Some girls took tea here.

May 16. Wed.

Pleasant. Went to see Jack Thomason & his wife who are greatly afflicted. Visited M^r Cocharan's family. He is still suffering from the effects of his injury. Called on M^rs Bumgarner.

17. Th.

Hazy. M^r Latshaw here repairing my Chimney-wall. I had an appointment to preach at John Hays' & went as far as Samuel Hays' when a tremendous Rain fell accompanied with hail. It did much damage. My fences were swept & low-grounds covered.

18. Fr.

M^r Latshaw finished. I was studying & reading. Wrote to Francis.

19. Sat.

Cool. M^rs McFarland & I went to Middlebrook to the meeting of the Classes of the German Reformed Church. I was invited to sit as a Corresponding member. Heard the Reverend M^r Martin preach a tolerable sermon.

M^r Martin appointed to preach for me on the Sabbath. Introduced to M^r Tetzel of Shepherdstown & M^r Rinker of Shenandoah. Only 6 Ministers present & 2 absent.

20. Sab.

Pleasant. M^r Martin preached a good Sermon from "Thy kingdom come." I preached at the house of the late John. Thompson to a large Congregation of Negroes. M^rs McFarland stayed at Blackwood.

May 21. Mon.

Went with Mary to see M^rs. Colonel Wilson who is confined to bed & has strange symptoms. I fear occasioned by continuing to long to use Fowler's Solution of Arsenic. She took as high as 15 drops 3 times a day & for 4 or 5 days after it produced swelling all over. She has a distressing pricking in her hands & feet.

Took my Boots & Slippers to Patton to be soled. Called at Hayden's & to see William Garrison, who I fear is to die of consumption.

22. Tu.

Languid. Reading. Finished replanting corn.

23. Wed.

In the corn with the Cultivator in front of the house.

Called at Samuel Hays'-got Judge's fore Shoes removed. Dined at D^r Tate's. The D^r took out a tooth for me. Made some Calls. Home.

24. Th.

Not very well. Studying. This is the day for electing a Judge & County Officers. M^rs McFarland came home.

25. Fr.

had a distressing cough last night. Preached at John Hays. Patton mended my Boots & Slippers. Paid James Hays for 2 Bushels of long red Potatoes $1.50. M^rs E. Brown came.

26. Sat.

Studying.

May 27. Sab.

Cloudy & warm. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation Had good attention. Dined at Reuben Lamberts. M^rs Mary Wallace there also. Rain prevented me from going to preach at Christians Creek Schoolhouse.

28. Mon.

Charming day. Plowing corn. Went to see M^rs Colonel Wilson & found her a little better. Prayed with her. Called to see William Garrison who is sinking & I fear is skeptical & now too low I fear to receive new light.

29. Tu.

Pleasant day. Reading & working.

30. Wed.

Cloudy & light Showers. Repairing my sewing Machine. About noon Reverend John S. Blain came & spent the night with us.

31. Th.

Mr. Blain left us. The day is very pleasant. Went to see William Garrison who is sinking & M^rs Wilson who is better.

June, 1860

June 1. Fr.

Studying. Planted corn among the Sorghum.

2. Sat.

Studying.

3. Sab.

Preached at Bethel & in Greenville & returned home. M^rs M^cFarland went to M^r Morrill's.

June 4. Mon.

Went to Staunton. Mary with me.

Paid Merideth for repairing M^rs M^cFarlands watch $10.00. Paid Adam's Express for taking a watch to Farmville for Robert $1.25. Paid for repairing my trunk $1.50 Paid for 20 pounds of fence Nails $1.00. Horse .25 Dined at Joseph Ad. Waddell's met with Several of the Baptist ministers of the Virginia Association and sat in their meeting sometimes. A shower & high wind.

5. Tu.

Tired. Reading.

6.

Called to see Samuel Hays who is I think in a critical state. Went to John Brownlee's for M^rs McFarland. walked over to the late residence of John Brownlee who died yesterday. The Funeral had just moved off. Went & Dined at John P. M^cClure's. Came home.

7. Thurs.

Reading.

8. Fr.

Had Company M^rs + Lizzie & Chirstopher Merritt + M^rs D^r. Tate & M^rs William Smith M^rs Lovey Tate M^rs Woods & Sally Gilkeson.

9. Sat.

Not well. Feverish. Dined at Ballard Smith's Spent the night at M^r M^cClung Patton's.

June 10. Sab.

Preached at Timberrridge to a full house who gave good attention. Supplying a Sabbath for Reverend W. Trimble, who is absent in Missouri.

These three days have been very cool. I went home with Major A. B. Stuart & Spent the night there & was very kindly treated. I am not well.

11. Mon.

Called an hour at D^r. Morrison's. Reached M^rs Sproul's at 11.40 a.m. Dined. Called at Bumgarner's & reached home at 4.40 p.m. fatigued. There was a little frost this morning.

Intelligence reached me this evening at 6 O'clock that M^r Samuel Humphreys died about 1.15 p.m. Alas, Alas, one of my oldest warmest friends. But he has departed to be with Christ.

12. Tu.

I was quite unwell last night & am unwell today. We all went to the Funeral of Samuel Humphrey & I preached to a large assembly. Then visited M^rs Patterson & Phebe & M^r M^cClung & family. I came home fatigued but better.

13. Wed.

An excellent rain from morning till noon. Reading only.

14. Th.

I am still feeble. Reading only.

15. Fr.

Studying a little. Taking cold.

16. Sat.

Quite unwell-distressing cough.

June 16. Sat. continued.

I was summoned to Greenville as a witness in a case between John J. Beard & M^r East. I went though unwell. My testimony was of no avail. Dined at William F. Smith's & came home quite unwell & went to bed.

17. Sab.

Spent a very uncomfortable night. Did not rise till 1 p.m.-very weak. Disappointed a large Congregation for which I am sorry. D^r. Tate came to see us & prescribed for Rhoda who is very ill with Pneumonia.

18. Mon.

I am very feeble; can do nothing & seem to gather no strength. Rhoda very ill; cannot live long without a change. Sent for D^r Tate, he came & bled Rhoda which relieved her breathing.

19. Tu.

I am no better. Feel such inward weakness. Thought a ride would do me good & set off to visit the Sick, but had to return back. Rhoda somewhat better. D^r Tate came & prescribed farther for Rhoda.

20. Wed.

I am better. Went to James Hall's. Dined at Samuel Hays. Visited M^rs Colonel Wilson Went to the Post Office. The mail brought a letter from Betsey from Newbern. They have left Sharon. M^r Gardner paid me $32.30 collected as Salary for me & which I allowed him to retain. Visited William Garrison.

June 21. Th.

I am feebler than yesterday. D^r. Tate again called to see Rhoda. She is perhaps a little better. Colonel Lilley spent a couple of hours with me. An excellent rain in the evening.

22. Fr.

It rained much in the night. I am studying a little. D^r. Tate here to see Rhoda again. A letter & likeness from Francis.

23. Sat.

Studying. Mowing.

24. Sab.

I am still feeble. Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation & I think with my usual energy. Dined at M^r Pilsons. Preached again at the School house to a large & very attentive audience. Then rode home & perhaps stronger than in the morning!!! Glory to God.

25. Mon.

Reading.

26. Tu.

At 8 a.m. left home for Lexington. Called at M^rs Sproul's. Dined at D^r. Morrison's. Reached Colonel Reid's before sunset. Very kindly received. Attended the prayer meeting & delivered an address.

27. Wed.

Trustees of Washington College met. I & D^r William Brown dined at D^r. Junkin's. Took tea at William White's.

28. Th.

Attended the Commencement. Spent the night at Reverend M^r Trimble's.

June 29th.

Called at D^r. Morrison's. Dined at M^rs Sprouls-home at 4 p.m.

30. Sat.

Not well. D^r. William Brown with us last night.

July, 1860

July 1. Sab.

I am very feeble. Preached a long Sermon at Bethel. Much exhausted.

2. Mon.

I am still very weak, could not go to visit the sick. Reading. James & Jefferson cutting our miserable crop of Wheat. Lizzie Merritt here.

3. Tu.

A pleasant shower this morning. I am better. Visited M^rs Wilson, Ann Hayden & William Garrison.

4. Wed.

Mowing. I am better. Reading etc.

5. Th.

Employed as yesterday.

6. Fr.

Studying. M^r Merritt came & took away Lizzie. In the evening a drizzling rain commenced.

7. Sat.

Did not rain in the night but this morning began & rained moderately for some time. Studying.

8. Sab.

Had Asthma last night & had to sit up much. But preached at Bethel to a Large Congregation. Preached at James M^cClung's & then came home.

July 9. Mon.

Rested well but had Asthma badly after I woke & have felt it a little all day. Mowing the meadow in front. I have done nothing but read.

10. Tu.

Mary & I went to Staunton. I got the Spring of my Buggy mended at Hardy's & a rod before. Cost $2.00. Dined at M^r Doyle's. Called on M^rs Baldwin widow & prayed with her. Received 24 dollars, my first half year's dividend on 8 Shares Virginia State Stocks.

11. Wed.

M^rs McFarland & I went to see Phebe Patterson. She is declining. Call at M^r M^cClungs & visited Alexander Brownlee who is suffering with inflamatory Rheumatism. Warm.

12. Th.

Began to rain early & continued moderately till about noon. Reading.

13. Fr.

Studying. Hauling in hay.

14. Sat.

Finished hauling hay. Not well. Trying to study.

15. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to an immense Congregation. Good attention. Dined at Samuel Hays' preached at Mount Ida Schoolhouse to a large Congregation. Came home much fatigued.

16. Mon.

Put Castors on James Hall's Bedstead. Visited Sally Daugherty & M^rs Wilson. Cut our Oats an excellent crop.

July 17. Tu.

Preached at M^rs Selors' at the funeral of William Garrison, a young man who died of Consumption. The assembly was large.

Dined at John Hays'. Got my horses shod etc & made some purchases in Greenville. Sent my horse Bob to M^r Lightner to sell for me.

18. Wed.

Saw the eclipse of the Sun. M^rs McFarland & I went & dined at Archibald A. Sprouls-M^rs Bumgardner & M^rs Mish there. Came home.

19. Th.

This the warmest day for four years. M^r James W. Hudson & wife dined with us. Finished getting in our Oats (100 Dozen) & so our whole harvest. Thanks be to God.

About 4 p.m. I walked to the Stable with M^r Hudson without my hat & soon felt my head much affected although I had held my handkerchief on it all the way. It continued till I went to bed. A slight shower.

20. Fr.

My head very uncomfortable all day-wet it often. Read a little. James & Mary went to M^rs Pattersons.*

21. Sat.

The warmest morning for 2 years. My head better. Studying.

*Remitted to Reverend D^r. M.D. Hoge $184.00 to buy for me two Shares of Virginia State Stock.

July 22. Sab.

I am better. Preached at Bethel & then at the School house in Greenville. There were showers today. Dined at A. W. M^cClure's. Came home.

23. Mon.

Feel very dull. A fine shower. Sold my mare Jenny to M^r Campbell of Nelson for $8. I paid $40 for her ten years ago. She is probably 24 years old.

24. Tu.

I had asthma last night. Spent most of this day oiling my Buggy harness.

Received a letter from Betsey from Columbia, Tennessee. Dated 17^th instant. Where the family had arrived in safety the day before. Thanks be to God.

25. Wed.

Had Asthma badly last night. Spent the day reading. James went to the mountain for whortleberries.

I wrote an earnest letter to Honorable Henry A. Edmondson about the necessity of of the Speedy Settlement of D^r. Leides' estate.

26. Th.

Had Asthma all last night. The Corn is dying from drought. Prospect bad. Mary & Mary Lou left home to go to David Kunkle's to drink allum water. James took them to Staunton. D^r. Brown & wife spent the night with us.

27. Fr.

Asthma again last night. Very feeble & feverish today. Can do nothing in the way of study.

July 28. Sat.

Still very feeble but no Asthma. Can study very little.

Recd from D^r. M.D. Hoge a certificate of Virginia State Stock of $200. Cost $183.75. In the afternoon was utterly incapacitated for Study on any effort. To bed early.

29. Sab.

A very warm morning with a South wind. Clouds, but no rain. I am not a whit stronger than I was yesterday. It seems very doubtful whether I should attempt to go to Church. 10 a.m. I have concluded that it is not my duty to attempt to go to Bethel. I am too weak. William J. Gilkerson came to see me. In the afternoon a little stronger.

30. Mon.

I am no better-very weak. I can scarcely read. Wrote letters to M^rs A.E. May & to D^r. M.D. Hoge. Rhoda has been very ill since Saturday

31. Tu.

I am a little better. So is Rhoda. Jacob Vanlear came about 10 a.m. & stayed till about 6 p.m.

August, 1860

Aug 1. Wed.

I am better. Went to see Samuel Hays who has been worse but is now better. Went to Greenville. Got M^r Yates to mend my harnass-75 cents. Paid D^r. Churchman's Bill-50 cents. M^r Lightner allows me $22.50 for Bob. Was very unwell coming home. Pulse tonight 110. M^r Stover working.

Aug. 2. Th.

I spent a very feverish night & am quite unwell today. Can do nothing. M^r Stover is building me an icehouse.

3. Fr.

I am some better. Day very warm got a load of Oak plank (800 feet) from David Palmer. Studying a little.

4. Sat.

This the warmest day for 4 years. About 3 P.M. had the best rain for two months. Rained about 3/4 of an hour. Thanks be to God. This will help to make some corn the prospect for which was almost hopeless. At the same time there was a most destructive flood in Staunton.

5. Sab.

Preached in great weakness. No appointment for the afternoon.

6. Mon.

I am better. Studying & directing the Carpenter.

A messenger came to inform me of the sudden death of John Gardner.

7. Tu.

M^rs McFarland & I went to Middlebrook. I preached to a large audience. Reverend M^r Crawford followed. M^r Gardner had attended preaching twice on the Sabbath. Slept well. Rose after sunrise & went feed his pigs & fell at the hog-pen. Was carried apparently lifeless to the house & spoke only, "raise me up." Disease of the heart. Aged 70. A good man.

Aug. 8. Wed.

Very warm. About noon a pleasant shower & 4 1/2 p.m. a very heavy rain. Did not continue long. I am better. D^r. Tate came to see Rhoda who is very poorly.

9. Th.

I am pretty well. Received a long & satisfactory letter from Betsey from Tennessee.

10. Fr.

Studying. Plowing stubble ground.

11. Sat.

A good deal of rain last night & this morning. Studying.

12. Sab.

Cloudy & cool. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation on the obligations & duties of the Baptized members of the Church. Solemn attention.

Preached at the Christians Creek School house. About 4 1/2 o'clock it began to rain & continued all the evening. We came home.

13. Mon.

It rained all last night & this morning very heavily creating a flood which covered all the low grounds. Continued till near noon, then showery In the afternoon attacked with Asthma.

14. Tu.

Had a bad night with Asthma & greatly oppressed through the day.

Aug. 15. Wed.

Spent another bad night. Did not go to bed till 2 a.m.

Though feeble visited Alexander Brownlee. Conversed with his daughter Margaret Wilson about joining the Church. Called at Adam Hawpe's, Reuben Lamberts, Blackwood & Colonel Wilson's.

16. Th.

Had another bad night though I remained in bed all night. Today I feel badly. Only reading.

17. Fr.

Still very unwell. Last night M^rs McFarland had a most distressing attack of Cholic & was relieved only by repeated use of Laudanum. She was unable to go to Church. D^r. Brown preached on "That Rock was Christ" an excellent sermon. He & Emily Link came home with us.

18. Sat.

Very unwell. Went to Bethel. The Session received Elisabeth Swink, wife of William, Tirza Elisabeth Lambert, daughter of Reuben & Margaret Estaline Wilson, wife of John W.Wilson D^r. Brown preached on the fall of Peter.

19. Sab.

Still very unwell. Spent a feverish night. The Session received Mary Margaret Mish & Peggy Ann Lambert on Examination. M^rs Swink & the Miss Lamberts were Baptized. D^r. Brown preached to a large Congregation.

It was a pleasant & I think, profitable day.

Aug. 20th. Mon.

Still unwell but I think a little Better. I am doing nothing but reading Newspapers. A very heavy rain in the afternoon.

21. Tu.

I am too feeble to visit the sick. Showers. About 5 p.m. a very heavy Rain. A flood came down by the Springhouse greater than I have ever seen, opening the fences both above & below.

22. Wed.

Last night I was very unwell. Have to lie half my my time. A thick fog this morning.

23. Th.

A little better. Another fog. Went to the sale of John Thompson's estate. I bought an excellent Old fashioned 8 day Clock for $5 & a Cupboard for $3 & some Books, & a little Table. The concourse was very great.

I visited Sally Daugherty who has been paralyzed.

24. Fr.

Studying. Still better.

25. Sat.

Studying. James went to Staunton M^rs M^cFarland gave me $5 in part payment of repairing her watch. Colonel Lilley dined here. He is taking the Census.

26. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation on the duty of Walking in Christ.

Aug. 27. Mon.

Visited Phebe Patterson James M^cClung & Alexander Brownlee. Also Sally Tate at Andrew M^cClungs & dined there. Took tea at Bumgarner's & came home.

28. Tu.

Preached at Samuel M^cAdden's at the Funeral of Sally Daugherty, a member of the Seceder Church, aged 75. She was a good woman.

Several showers today.

29. Wed.

Brought home the Articles bought at the Sale of John L. Thompson. The heirs made me a present of all I bought but the clock ($5) a gratuity of $4.55. Thanks be to God for such kind friends. Joseph M. Colling & his mother came to see us today.

30. Th.

M^rs C. & Son spent the day with us. I have scarcely ever seen any one more grateful than M^rs C. is to M^rs McFarland & myself for the kindness we showed her in former years, and her son is very kind. In the evening sent them to M^r Gilkeson's on their way to Staunton.

Had Asthma last night.

31. Fr.

Sent our friends to Staunton. I am studying.

September, 1860

Sept 1. Sat.

Studying. In the evening I married George, servant of Peter Strouse to Annie servant to William J. Gilkeson.

2. S.

I am quite unwell. Preached at Bethel a Solemn Sermon on the duty of the wicked. In the afternoon preached at M^rs Sproul's to a good Congregation. But I feel exceedingly broken down & spent a miserable night.

3. Mon.

Raining heavily this morning. Stayed at M^rs Sproul's till 2 p.m. came home. Another bad night.

4. Tu.

So unwell, I did not rise till the afternoon & then could sit up but little. M^rs Lovey Tate & M^rs Tate & Sallie Gilkeson dined here.

5. W.

Spent another bad night. Did not rise till noon. Am exceedingly weak.

6. Th.

Rested better last night but feel extreme prostration. Sent James to enquire after M^r Brawford's health who has been very ill but is much better.

7. Fr.

Rested very badly last night. Lay in bed till 10 a.m. I am a little better. M^rs McFarland & James went to Staunton.

8. Sat.

Still very weak. Finished plowing for wheat. Studying a little.

9. Sab.

Preached at Bethel in great weakness. I wondered that any strength held out as it did for an hour preaching with my usual animation. Solemn attention & some feeling. Much exhausted.

In the afternoon Cyrus Wilson, servant to William F. Smith & Nancy Occurt, servant to John Merritt came to my house & I married them.

10. Mon.

A little stronger. Went to visit M^r Brawford who is better. One of his children is ill with Fever.

M^rs M^cFarland & I dined at M^r Bumgarners with M^r Samuel M^cCorkle & wife & Son & daughter.

Got 20 Bushels of Mediterranean Wheat for seed from Colonel Sproul.

11. Tu.

Took M^rs McFarland to M^rs Pattersons's & I attended the sale at Humphrys. Called to see Sally Tate who is quite ill & Phebe Patterson who is better.

12. Wed.

Went to Staunton. Day Cold. Attended to several items of business.

13. Thurs.

A little frost. Had Asthma. Paid M^r Latshaw for work done 2.50.

Sept 14. Fr.

Paid M^r Towberman Taxes for 1860 = $32.80 I am still quite unwell.

15. Sat.

Finished sowing wheat on the Orchard. Put 10 Bushels on it. The wheat put in in good order. I am better this afternoon. Studying.

16. Sab.

I am somewhat stronger. Preached at Bethel & in Greenville. Baptized children of William F. Smith. D^r Tate & M^rs Gillum came home.

17. Mon.

I am better. It began to rain before day & there was a good rain till noon when it cleared off.

18. Tu.

It rained much today. Wind Northeast. This must be the Equinoctial rain.

Wrote to D^r Dabney Reverend Isaac Todd & Reverend A.D. Hepburn.

19. Wed.

I am improving. The men making Cider. I wrote to Joseph M. Wilson & Colonel William C. Patterson to Reverend John Johnson. Dined here. A heavy shower after dark.

20. Th.

Not so well. Last night there was a very heavy Rain. M^rs McFarland Mary & James at M^r Gilkeson's.

Sept 21. Fri.

Not as well as yesterday. Cutting up the corn in front of the house. M^rs E.H. Brown spent the night with us.

22. Sat.

Still unwell-did not rise till after breakfast for two mornings. James went to Staunton.

23. Sab.

Still very unwell. Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation & my usual energy of manner, I think. But felt great exhaustion. M^rs McFarland stayed at M^r Bumgarner's.

After dinner pulse 107. Went to bed about sunset.

24. Mon.

I spent a very feverish restless night. Did not rise till 9 O'clock. Could only read a little. Cutting up corn.

25. Tu.

I am rather better. Began to plow Corn ground in front of the house for wheat.

26. Wed.

Still better. Mary, James & Frank went to Staunton. I was reading & writing.

27. Thurs.

Did not rest well, but am as well as yesterday. About 10 a.m. a very heavy rain with thunder & lightening. Continued with intervals till 3 p.m.

28. Fri.

Studying a little. My strength is increasing. Taking sulfur to prevent the return of the eruption.

Sept 29. Sat.

Studying.

30. Sab.

It rained heavily in the night & this morning & moderately all day. I did not go to Bethel. Sent James but he found not one there.

October, 1860

October 1. Mon.

I am stronger. Visited M^rs Wilson who I fear will not live. Went to the Post Office & received letters from our three absent children. All well thanks to God.

2. Tu.

Visited Alexander Brownlee who is much worse & I fear his Rheumatism is becoming Chronic.

Dined at D^r Tate's. Bought some things visited M^r Brawford's family. They are all better. Home.

3. Wed.

Set out for Presbytery with Mary & arrived at Augusta Church at 10.40. John Miller preached. Stayed at Cyrus M^cCue's. Damp & cool, Wind etc.

4. Th.

Rained moderately through the night & today till noon. M^r See preached. Had a conference with M^r Branch.

5. Fr.

Damp but cleared off. Some asthma. M^r Price preached a very injudicious Sermon as an Education but on what he called the irrepressible conflict in the Presbyterian Church. I felt under the necessity of saying something to prevent a false impression, which I think all approved.

Oct. 6th Sat.

Attended Presbytery closely. D^r. White Preached. After dinner we came home. I have stood it pretty well.

This week a daughter of William Dunlap's-Jane-died at M^r Trimble's and a daughter of William Cochran's-Lettitia-was buried today & I am requested to preach a Funeral. Sermon tomorrow.

7. Sab.

preached at Bethel to a good Congregation chiefly to the young.

8. Mon.

M^rs McFarland & I set off for Synod. -James & Mary took us to Staunton. Stayed at Colonel Tate's.

9. Tu.

Fare to Charlottesville 1.80. Called on M^rs Kelly. to Lynchburg 62 miles. Fare 2.75. Dinner in Charlottesville .50. Stayed at Reverend J.B. Ramsey's.

10. Wed.

Synod met in the evening. D^r. Moore preached a good Sermon. I nominated D^r. Dabney for Moderator & he was elected unanimously.

11. Th.

Attended Synod closely all day.

12. Fr.

Showers today. In Synod all day. Took tea with M^r Reid & his sisters.

13. Sat.

In Synod. Dined at M^r M^cCorkles. Damp. I have taken cold.

14. Sab.

Quite unwell. Confined to the house all day & missed the delightful

[page 112]
Communion service I have usually enjoyed so much. Day damp. Rain.

October 15. Mon.

Sent M^rs McFarland home with M^r Merritt, & I went on to Salem to see about Mary's business. Reached Salem at 9 a.m. Went to Colonel H.A. Edmundsons & was quite unwell all day.

16. Tu.

Confined to bed all morning down in the afternoon.

17. Wed.

Intended to have gone home today but am not able. In bed till noon.

I arranged many matters with Colonel Edmundson & M^r. Blair. Received of M^r M. Blair cash $110.76. Went to Colonel Chapman's hotel & slept there till midnight-took the cars at 1.7' a.m. for Lynchburg. Paid .50 for a sleeping berth. Reached Lynchburg at 4.45' a.m. At 5.15' left for Charlottesville. Arrived at 8.50' Breakfasted. Left at 12.20' p.m. Reached home after 4 p.m. much exhausted. But I thank God who has brought me home in safety.

19. Fr.

Quite feeble in bed all day. Much rain fell today.

20. Sat.

Exceedingly gloomy. Rain. In bed all day.

Oct 21. Sab.

A very pleasant day but I am confined to bed. Mary & James went to Bethel. A good Congregation & had a good prayer meeting.

22. Mon.

I rose this morning but am very weak. M^r Gilkeson & M^r Pilson came to see me. Reading.

23. Tu.

A little stronger but cannot begin my writing. N. Burrell here.

24. Wed.

Still able to do very little.

25. Th.

Better. Remitted to Peter Walker $15.00 for the Biblical Repertory. Finished the abstract of the Minutes of Synod & sent it the Central Presbyterian.

26. Fr.

Still better. Studying. M^rs McFarland & Mary went to see M^rs Colonel Wilson. This evening my Son Robert reached home.

27. Sat.

Studying. Robert & Mary went to Staunton. I went to see M^rs Colonel Wilson who cannot live long.

28. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good & very attentive Congregation. Colonel Turk dined with us.

29. Mon.

I intended to visit today. But it was damp & finally heavy Rain. Wrote to J.M. Wilson & M^rs Hamersby.

Oct 30. Tu.

So threatening I could not go to visit.

M^rs Margaret Wilson wife of Colonel William Wilson died about 10 A.M. She has suffered much for a year past.

31. Wed.

Very Thick fog. Preached at Colonel Wilson's at the Funeral of his wife to a very large assembly.

November, 1860

Nov 1. Th.

This a fast day appointed by our Synod in view of the threatening aspect of our public affairs.

A tolerable congregation assembled at Bethel & we had a Solemn meeting.

2. Fr.

The day very wet-frequent & heavy showers-a flood in the night. A great Political meeting in Staunton. James went.

3. Sat.

Reverend John F. Baker preached at Bethel from 1 John 1:3. Good sermon & a good Congregation. Spent the night with us.

4. Sab.

We have received 3 on Examination and one on Certificate making 20 on Examination during the Year. Glory be to God.

M^r Baker preached a good sermon from John 1:29 Behold the lamb of God, etc.

5. Mon.

Frost. Reading.

6. Tu.

This the day of the Election of President & Vice President of the United States. I went to Greenville & voted for Bell & Everett.

I have never voted for President before but for General Harrison. Now I thought it my duty. I feel great anxiety about the result of this election.

Bought a considerable Bill of Goods of Lightner & Company. Dined at William Smith's. Visited Alexander Brownlee & spent the night at D.C. Gilkeson's.

Nov 7th. Wed.

Very cold. Had a bad night with Asthma. Slept little. Visited Phebe Patterson-talked to her & prayed with her. She said with much feeling that my visits were a great comfort to her. I thank God that I have the privilege of Comforting one of Gods Children. Visited M^r James M^cClung. Brought home 50 lbs Rio coffee at 16 1/2 cents & 50 lbs of extra Sugar at 10 1/2 cents. Miss Martha Nichols & Matta Baxter came to visit us.

8. Th.

Suffered with Asthma. Could do nothing.

9. Fr.

Had a bad night with Asthma. Sat up several hours. Rain from Northeast. Did not rise till noon.

10. Sat.

Still unwell, but no asthma. Can do little but read.

11. Sab.

Quite unwell. Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation.

Nov 12. Mon.

I am better, but can only read.

13. Tu.

I spent a feverish night & did not rise till 10 O'clock. Can do nothing today.

14. Wed.

I am better. Reverend N.W. Calhoun & his brother James came to seem me & dined. D^r. William Brown & wife also. Martha Nichols left us. Robert left home.

15. Th.

M^rs Gilkeson & Paris dined here.

16. Fr.

Ordered a number of books from Philadelphia for our Library & Others. I visited M^rs James Wilson-an interesting interview. Went to the Post Office. D^r. William Brown came & spent the night. He was dismissed today from his Pastoral Charge with the view of his becoming Editor of the Central Presbyterian. This will be a sore bereavement to me.

17. Sat.

Rained in the night & heavily this morning. D^r. & M^rs left us.

18. Sab.

Reverend N.W. Calhoun preached for me from Romans 8:32 He that spared not his own Son etc.-a good sermon & well delivered. Came & dined with us.

19. Mon.

Began to prepare the minutes of Synod for the Press. Pulling corn.

20. Tu.

Cold. I went to Staunton Gave a $10 South Carolina Bank

[page 117]
Note (Charleston) to E.M. Taylor to pass off for me as they are depreciated. Also a $10 North. Carolina Note (Wilmington) said to be at a discount. Bought various articles.

21. Nov. Wed.

Writing. In the afternoon a brisk snow shower. Got in all the Corn in front of the house.

22. Thurs.

Writing. Robert Returned.

23. Fr.

About 2 inches of snow fell last night. Rained heavily this morning & moderately through the day. James & Mary went to Greenville & M^cClung's with things for M^r Branch.

24. Sat.

Studying. The coldest day since February. 1^st last past.

25. Sab.

Preached to a small Congregation. Cold.

26. Mon.

Writing Minutes of Synod. Got in the last of our Corn.

27. Tu.

Writing Minutes. Wrote to Joseph P. Engles & G.W. Shanks.

28. Wed.

Suffered very much with irritation in my skin. Threatened with eruption. Writing minutes.

29. Th.

Still suffering from the irruption. Went to See Phebe Patterson. She is sinking. Had an interesting interview.

Nov. 29. Thurs. Continued.

Called at James M^cClungs to see a Box of articles to be sent to Reverend John Branch valued at about $105. The freight by Adams Express will be paid about $61. They gave me $13 in money to send to M^r Branch.

Bought Boyds gray bassinet for Robert.

30. Fr.

Writing Minutes. Also wrote to Reverend John Branch with a Check for $13.

December, 1860

Dec. 1. Sat.

Finished the Minutes of Synod for the press & sent them by mail to D^r. M.D. Hoge to have them printed for me.

Wrote to D^r. Hoge also to D^r. Thomas R. Harris.

2. Sab.

Very cold. Robert & James & I went to Hebron. I preached for M^r Baker who is absent at Wheeling. Came home.

3. Mon.

Only Reading. Hauling plank.

4. Tu.

Repairing little. Table & Reading.

5. Wed.

Went to Greenville Bought a pair of Boots for Jess for $3. Dined at D^r Tates. Suffering much with the eruption on my legs. This getting decidedly worse.

6. Th.

My legs worse. Rested badly-lay in bed till 9 1/2 O'clock. Had to sit with my feet up all day & then very uneasy.

7. Fr.

At 7 a.m. James & I set of for Staunton arrived at 9. Got the Box of books from Philadelphia. At 9.45 took the car of the freight train for Pond Gap. Dined at M^cKunkles. Rode to M^r Crawford's & was kindly received. Got Miss Harriet's room, the best.

Drank sulfur water freely. Rested better than for several nights.

8. Sat.

Reading & drinking. I am certainly better already.

9. Sab.

Rested well. Though not quite so comfortable today. The eruption is dried up. Spent the day in my room, reading etc. The day chilly & uncomfortable. Some watery pimples.

10. Mon.

Raining & it rained heavily half the day. Chilly & gloomy. Legs dry & better in the morning-about 3 pm became hot.

11. Tu.

Cleared off cooler-spitting snow. I am better.

12. Wed.

My legs not so well. The sulfur water is very diuretic. Took salts.

13. Th.

My legs seem better in the morning but swell much in the afternoon. It is so painful for me to walk that I feel a good deal discouraged.

14. Fr.

Very cold. I rested badly the first part of last night, legs so uneasy. Seem better this morning but uncomfortable.

Dec. 14. Fr. Continued.

It is a singular fact that these cold mornings the water from the sulfur spring has neither taste nor smell of sulfur. In the evening it has. M^r Condin & his wife & three little sons living here. M^r & M^rs Morris here. Harriet the oldest daughter single.

15. Sat.

It began to snow after midnight & continued till 10 a.m. say 7 inches deep. At 10 I prepared to depart. No pay was allowed to be made. I have been very kindly & generously treated. May God reward my benefactors.

M^r. Condin took me to the Depot. Dined at M^cKunkle's. Took the Cars a little after 12 noon. A wood train retarded us. Arrived at Swoope's Depot at 3 P.M. & had to stay there till 4 1/2 P.M. At 5 reached Staunton. James had just gone home. Spent the night at Addison Waddell's miserably though kindly treated. Expenses $1.55+50+10.

16. Sab.

Heard M^r. William F. Baker preach. Colonel Tate sent me his horse & Buggy & I came home. My Eruption seems to be entirely dried up.

17. Mon.

Sent home the horse & buggy. Mary went to visit D^r & M^rs Brown. I had Asthma & bad head aches.

18. Tu.

Reading. Robert went for Mary. Joseph & Margaret Wright & the Miss Wilsons dined here.

Dec. 19. Wed.

A gloomy day. The Eruption gives me little trouble. Mary & Robert returned. Reading. Received a most affectionate farewell letter from my valued friend D^r William Brown.

20. Th.

Sent by mail my check to E.M. Taylor, Cashier for $33.00 to get a Draft on New York at 5 per cent premium to pay for Books bought in Philadelphia.

21. Fr.

M^r Stover finished my work & I paid him for 11 3/4 days $11.75. I have been studying a little.

22. Sat.

Studying. M^rs James M^cClung & M^rs Mars T. Dossey came here & dined with us & a wagon came which the ladies sewing society had procured to be loaded chiefly with provisions which I value at $50.00

23. Sab.

Preached at Bethel.

24. Mon.

Went to Joseph Smith's & hired Jefferson for another year, at $110. Paid James Hall $4. Which in addition to $24 for the Cow for Rhoda makes $28. He deducted $2 for the time she was sick.

25. Tu.

Christmas. Rode on horseback to John Brownlee's & preached at the Funeral of his Son Samuel, aged 36. Who died in a moment in a wagon, going to Bethel, probably of Apoplexy.

Decr. 25. Continued.

Visited Alexander Brownlee who is now confined to bed.

26. Wed.

At home; reading & writing. Letters from General Patterson Reverend D^r Ramsey, W.W. Trimble & M^r. Branch.

27. Th.

Wrote to General Patterson. Preached at St. John's Church for M^r Crawford. Dined at James Bumgarners.

28. Fr.

Studying.

29. Sat.

Studying. About 2 1/2 pm it began to snow moderately.

30. Sab.

It snowed moderately through the night, but increased much in the morning & it fell fast all day. I did not go to Bethel-my sons went but found no one there.

I was seized with a severe pain in my back which crippled me very much.

31. Mon.

It snowed nearly all night & This morning the snow is said to be 18 inches deep. Cleared off. Did not rise till 9 a.m. Back some better.

Thus closes the year 1860 in circumstances of great mercy to me & my family. We are all spared through another year & as far as I know, all in good health. And although my house be not so with God as I desire & pray for, yet hath he made with me and everlasting Covenant ordered in all things & sure; for this is all my Salvation & all my desire although he maketh it not to grow. 2 Samuel 23:5.

1861

January, 1861

January 1st 1861, Tuesday.

Diary kept by Francis McFarland as an important aid to memory, especially in matters of business, & convenient for reference.

I am at home. I have been suffering with a pain in my back but it is much better. My family is all well & all at home but Betsey & Francis. Betsey is living in Williamsport Tennessee & Francis in Washington City. Wrote to Betsey & to Robert Lyons.

2. Wed.

Reading & writing letters.

3. Thurs.

Wrote to D^r. William Brown, William S. Martin, & Company & M^rs Alexander Crawford. Paid Montgomery's Bill for Smith work last year, $9.95.

4. Fr.

This a day of Fasting, humiliation & prayer appointed by James Buchanan, President of the United States in view of the threatening aspect aspect of our public Affairs. I rejoiced at the appointment. We had a good Congregation four Elders prayed appropriately. I prayed & made two addresses. I trust God will hear his people.

5. Sat.

Studying.

6. Sab.

Stitch in my side & breast. Unwell. Preached as usual. A good Congregation & good attention.

7. Mon

Pain in my back aggravated. Reading.

8. Tu.

My Birthday. I am 73 years old & have pretty good health. Glory be to the God of mercy. Attended a Prayer meeting at Samuel Hays'.

Jan. 9. Wed.

Rained fast till noon. Wrote to William S. Martin & Company & sent my Check for $16.00 for 8 subscribers to the "Presbyterian." Wrote also to D^r. William Brown & remitted $52.00 by Check for 26 paying subscribers to the "Central Presbyterian." I receive two copies as agent, one of which I have sent to D^r. William F. Humphreys.

10. Thurs.

M^rs Gilkeson & Sally here. Reading.

11. Fr.

Wrote to the Honorable Bolivar Christian, a member of the Legislature, in regard to the perilous state of the Country. This is the first letter I ever wrote, as far as I remember to exert political influence. But the Crisis demands the prayers & efforts of every good man.

12. Sat.

Studying in preparation for the Sabbath.

13. Sab.

Very cold & very rough roads. Preached at Bethel. Robert took Mary to Greenville.

14. Mon.

Snow 2 inches deep. Thawing. Reading.

15. Tu.

A very gloomy day. Working. Thompson M^cClure came to invite me to marry his sister Sarah & M^r Andrew A. Stuart on Thursday.

16. Wed.

Day pleasant. Dined at M^rs M.M.A. Tate's Rebecca seems serious. Visited Phebe Patterson. Spent the night at M^r Wallace's.

17. Thurs.

Rode to M^r M^cClure's & at 8 1/2 O'clock I married M^r Andrew A. Stuart & Miss Sarah S. M^cClure. Visited M^r M^cClung. M^r Alexander Brownlee & M^r Tarbet.

Jan. 18. Fr.

Gloomy & Rainy. Studying.

19. Sat.

Studying.

20. Sab.

Preached to a good & attentive Congregation

21. Mon.

Went to Staunton in my Buggy. The road terribly rough.

I received a splendid Gold watch, sent by Adam's Express, a present from General Robert Patterson to his namesake, my son Robert P. I presume it cost $100. for he proposed to give him that sum in money if I preferred it. He is a noble generous friend.

I received the Minutes of Synod which were printed in Richmond by William H. Clemmett, mailed for Richmond, December 1^st 1860. I took them to Colonel Tate's to direct them for distribution by Mail: Colonel & wife absent.

22. Tu.

Wrote diligently till 11 a.m. then mailed 360 copies & paid postage $3.60. Left 20 copies with Davis A. Haysor for 4 churches named, being in the vicinity. Dined gratis at the Virginia Hotel, by invitation. Made various purchases, & came home. The delivery of the Watch produced quite a pleasant excitement in the family.

23.

Reading the exciting news about the state of the country. Wrote to General Patterson also to William H. Clemmett & enclosed my Check for $46.00 the amount of his bill. At 6 P.M. it began to snow.

Jany. 24. Th.

Before day fine hail began to fall & continued till about 8 a.m. when it began to rain & it froze as it fell. The rain soon abated & it was a mist. About 4 inches of solid snow & hail on the ground.

Remitted my Check to Peter Walker for $8.00 to pay for the Biblical Repertory: $3. for D^r. Junkin for 1860 & $2.50 for 1861. & $2.50 for Reverend E.D. Junkin for 1861. Wrote to D^r. Junkin.

25. Fr.

Studying & reading. Wrote to Reverend D^r. J.R. Ramsey. Paid David Palmer for lumber in fall $9.73.

26. Sat.

This has been a very Stormy day. About daybreak it began to snow very fast with a strong wind from Northeast & continued without abatement till 2 p.m. when it gradually abated. Thermometer at sunrise +26 but fell to +23 1/2 then rose to 26 & fell gradually to

27. Sab.

About 6 inches of snow. Good sleighing. Went to Bethel on horseback, preached with some liberty to a good Congregation

28. Mon.

James & I went to Staunton in a sleigh-the first time I ever rode in a sleigh for many years. It proved not good sleighing. Robert went on horseback. The crowd was greater than I ever saw in Staunton. The object was to hear the Candidates for the Convention. M^r Stuart, M^r Sheffey, General Harmon, Colonel Baylor, Colonel Baldwin & Captain Imboden addressed a vast assembly. They all professed to be union men, but some more conservative.

Jan. 28, continued.

Called on M^rs Jordan. Bought an Overcoat for Robert at $12. Very cold riding home.

29. Tu.

At home. Wrote to my son Francis. Reading.

30. Wed.

Read Reverend D^r. N.L. Rice's Lectures on Slavery. They are able & opportune although I do not agree to every position. He also misstates remarks of mine in the General Assembly of 1856. I find I am taken of a cold & retired early.

31. Th.

In bed all day-bad head ache-bones aching.

February, 1861

February 1. Fr.

Spent a very restless night & am not much better than yesterday. In bed all day. Could not even read.

2. Sat.

It rained much of last night & today & the snow is dissolving fast. I am somewhat better. Rose & dressed about 10 a.m. Not so well.

3. Sab.

Spent a restless uncomfortable night. Pulse 104 this morning. Bones aching. Continued in bed all day. More unwell than yesterday. M^r Gilkeson called to see me.

4. Mon.

Over 3 inches of snow fell last night. Spent an uncomfortable night. Sleep rather oppressed than refreshed me. In bed all day. At sunset rose & remained up till 9. M^rs M^cFarland taking cold just as I did Wednesday last. This an important day especially to Virginia. The election of members of the Convention took place today. I had intended to have taken an active part in the election for the fist time in my life, but God prevented me.

Feb. 5. Tu.

I slept better last night than since I was taken, but M^rs M^cFarland had a bad night with distressing headache. I rose early & remained up all day but she in bed all day with headache. I have a troublesome tickling cough.

6. Wed.

Not so well today. M^rs McFarland up, but not well.

7. Th.

The highest wind I have known for years. I am better but not well. M^rs M^cFarland ditto. M^r Pilson spent several hours with us.

8. Fr.

We are better-Rested well. James W. Calhoun Called to see me.

9. Sat.

Studying. A message came to inform me of the death of Nathaniel Tarbet. He was 80 years old & had been a member of Bethel Church since 1833. He was paralyzed.

10. Sab.

Preached a Funeral Sermon to a good Congregation The Coffin in front of the pulpit.

11. Mon.

I am pretty well. M^rs McFarland better. Wrote to Captain James Henry & Governor Letcher Received a very kind & interesting letter from Honorable Bolivar Christian in regard to public affairs.

12. Tu.

Working all day & I am very tired. M^rs M^cFarland is suffering with aching in her limbs.

13. Wed.

Working & reading. M^rs McFarland better. This is the day our Convention meets in Richmond. May Wisdom from above guide them.

14. Th.

Working and Reading. Chilling atmosphere.

15. Fri.

Studying. A heavy rain last night.

16. Sat.

Studying. At 2 p.m. Rain. 3 p.m. Snow.

Feb. 17. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation A little snow on the ground, the day cold & uncomfortable & the roads very bad.

18. Mon.

Working & reading. M^r W.J. Gilkeson came & we settled all accounts to this date-I paid his bill of $19.26 & he paid me Salary $27.60. Robert brought me a D. of Sole Leather from W.F.

19. Tu.

Reading & writing. Wrote to Reverend James Morrison.

20. Wed.

Day cold & blustery-weather such I dare not venture to go from home. Reading & working.

21. Th.

Cold. Reading, & wrote to Phebe Patterson, as I cannot visit her in such weather & roads.

22. Fr.

Reading & Studying. Day more pleasant.

23. Sat.

Studying. The warmest day for 3 months.

24. Sab.

Cold & wind high. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation for the day & the roads which are very bad. I suffered much today with cold feet, which disordered my bowels exceedingly. Had to go to bed at dark.

25. Mon.

Reading. Wrote to General Patterson & M^r See.

26. Tu.

Working. Day very pleasant.

27. Wed.

Not well today. Reading.

28. Thurs.

Set off early to visit the sick. Called at M^rs Tate's for half an hour. Spent an hour & a half with Phebe Patterson. She is feeble, but more comfortable than he has been. Mind calm but anxious to not be deceived. Spent 2 hours at M^r M^cClung's & dined. Visited Alexander Brownlee-he is suffering more pain & confined entirely to bed. Called to see Samuel Hayes who is much afflicted, but in good health.

March, 1861

March 1st Friday.

Unwell; could not study.

2. Sat.

Better. Studying.

3. Sab.

Very warm. Preached at Bethel to a good & an attentive Congregation.

4. Mon.

M^rs McFarland and I set out early to see Maria Blackwood who yesterday fell 3 times apparently from pressing of blood on the brain. She was unconscious each time. Is pretty well today. We went to M^r Pilson's-Samuel has been very unwell with Erysipelas-is not better. Went to see Arlidore Bare who has been very ill with Pneumonia. Prayed with him. Called also to see Bob Scott who has been very near death with Pneumonia & Delirium tremens & is still very low. Offered a short prayer with him. Came home.

5. Tu.

Rode to M^r Joseph Smith's to pay him for the hire of his servant Jefferson for the last year. I paid him $110.00 Day very cold.

6. Wed.

Day Cold. Reading etc. Received President Lincoln's Inaugural Address which I read with deep interest. It leaves me in great doubt whether his policy will preserve the peace of the Country.

7. Thurs.

Chilling East wind. Studying.

8. Fr.

Went to Greenville. Dined at William F. Smith's. Visited William Thompson & called at M^r Blackwood's & at the Post Office, thence home.

9. Sat.

It rained much last night & very heavily this morning-then cleared cooler. Studying.

March 10. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a moderate sized Congregation I labored to prove that all should come to the Lord's Supper, but with the wedding garment of a Saviour's Righteousness. There was excellent attention.

Attended a prayer meeting at John Hay's.

11. Mon.

Last night I felt much fatigued & found I had taken some cold. Today I feel very little energy and have been reading only. A little snow last night.

12. Tu.

Preparing for Catechizing. Pleasant day.

13. Wed.

Pleasant day. M^rs McFarland & I dined at M^r Trotter's, he not at home. Called at John Hays'. Home.

14. Thurs.

A great change in the weather. It began early to rain moderately with the wind Northeast but soon turned to snow, & in the afternoon snowed much.

15. Fr.

Unwell with a cold, & there is some eruption on my left leg. Remitted a gold dollar to pay for the Journal of Commerce for another year.

16. Sat.

Still unwell & poorly prepared for study. Robert & James & Mary went to Staunton.

17. Sab.

Unwell. For three mornings I have not risen till after breakfast. I preached however with more liberty than usual a very attentive Congregation The day cool & damp.

18. Mon.

I am better. The day very cold. Began to snow early & continued unabated all day. Reading. Rebecca Wilson & James Wilson's daughter here.

19. Tu.

Cold. Reading & preparing for Catechizing.

March 20. Wed.

Unwell. Rode on horseback to M^rs Patterson's Phebe about when I last saw her. Dined there. Hold a Catechizing at Broadhead & returned home.

21. Thurs.

I suffered extremely last night with itching & burning in my skin although very little eruption has yet appeared. This day very cold. Reading Newspapers.

22. Fr.

Still unwell & suffering from cutaneous irritation principally on my back now. Attended a Catechizing at Mount Ida.

23. Sat.

Studying. Uncomfortable last night. Better today. Lent William J. Gilkeson $64.00.

24. Sab.

I spent a very uncomfortable feverish night a stitch in my right breast. Ate my breakfast in bed. But went to Bethel & preached as usual to a good congregation. Reverend M^r Wasson, Methodist, made the first prayer.

25. Mon.

The irritation of my skin is such & I am so threatened with increased eruption that I thought it necessary to go today to Crawford's Sulfur Spring. Set out on horseback. Called at M^r Bumgarner's-dined at William Dunlap's-called at David Kunkle's-was very kindly received by M^r Crawford & family.

26. Tu.

Rested better than usual. Recorded some Minutes.

27. Wed.

A heavy rain last night with thunder & lightning. M^r. F.H. Hill, son in law to D^r. M^cCherney came here on a fishing excursion & is in the room with me. He lives at Madison Courthouse & is Clerk of both courts. Took Miss Harriet Crawford in a buggy to the Variety Springs. M^r & M^rs Brerrus kindly invited me to visit them.

28 March. Thurs.

The sulfur water acts amazingly as a diuretic. Visited Old M^r Jacob Kunkle & wife took tea at David Kunkle's James Bumgarner there.

29. Fr.

I feel entirely relieved! Set off for home. Stopped at M^r Robert Dunlap's & had an interesting religious conversation with his wife. Dined at Archibald Sproul's & had an interesting religious conversation with him.

30. Sat.

M^r Joshua Munroe came for me to preach at the Funeral of John Hays, a member of Bethel church received by me 36 years ago. He died on yesterday, aged 77. I preached to quite a large assembly.

31. Sab.

I am well now. Preached today to a good Congregation & although from want of time my preparation was imperfect, I was helped to preach to an attentive Congregation

April, 1861

April 1. Mon.

Too unpleasant to visit. Wrote to General Patterson, William L. Bond, & my son Francis. It rained a little.

2. Tu.

Visited Alexander Brownlee, who is suffering more than usual. Visited also Phebe Patterson, she is very low. Spent the night at M^r Wallace's. M^rs Wallace very unwell.

3. Wed.

Visited at John Brownlee's & dined at Adam Hawpe's. Visited M^r & M^rs Trice & M^r & M^rs Trevey. Finished sowing oats.

4. Thurs.

Damp & uncomfortable. I am taking cold. Went to see James Swink-he seems very serious, but not yet prepared to make a profession of Religion. Called at James Hays' & dined at Samuel Hays'.

April 5. Friday.

This day the series commenced preparatory to the Lord's Supper. M^r See preached-he & his wife came home with us.

6. Sat.

It began to rain early & continued to rain moderately most of the day. M^r See preached today on Sanctification. Congregation Small. We received in the Communion of the church on Examination. Rebecca C. Tate & Ann, servant of William J. Gilkeson; & on Certificate James A. Tomhuton.

7. Sab.

Snowed fast till later in the middle of the day, but melted fast. Went to Bethel. The session received John Strain & Rebecca Strain on Certificate from New Providence. M^r See preached a good Sermon to a Small Congregation from John 13:1 last clause.

8. Mon.

Day very damp & unpleasant with a drizzle sometimes approaching a rain. I was recording Minutes of Synod.

9. Tu.

It began to rain early last night & rained heavily all night & today it rained the whole day incessantly with scarcely any abatement at any time. I have seldom, if ever, seen such a day's rain. The meadow North of the house was almost entirely covered by the flood all the afternoon. I have never seen a flood there before.

I was recording Minutes of Synod.

10. Wed.

It continued to rain last night till about 10 O'clock when it began to snow and

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continued to snow today till about noon. The ground being so wet it melted fast, still there was in places 3 or 4 inches of snow. A little before sunset it began to clear off.

Recording Minutes of Synod. I cannot with comfort record more than 5 pages a day.

April 11. Thurs.

I have been preparing for the Sabbath.

12.

Went to Mint Spring & to Greenville. Dined at M^rs Grahams with the Reverend M^r Lambeth & wife. Paid M^r Lightner's bill. Got my horse shod & came home in a heavy rain.

13. Sat.

Last night there was again a tremendously heavy rain & a great flood this morning, but not so great as on Tuesday. The indications of fair weather more encouraging today. Mary & Robert went to M^rs Patterson's-Phebe very low. James went to muster. I am studying. Sent to M^r Lightner $10. to buy Tea etc.

14. Sab.

Went to Bethel & preached. Unwell with cold. Ground saturated with water.

15. Mon.

Preparing to go to Presbytery. In the afternoon went to M^rs Sprouls & spent the night. Very damp & Cool.

16. Tu.

A good deal asthmatic last night. The morning unpleasant. About 9 a.m. set out, but it soon began to rain heavily & was compelled to stop at Reverend E.D. Junkin's where I remained all night & was very kindly treated.

17. Wed.

Slept comfortably. Snowing, but did not entirely cover the ground. Set off at 7 1/4 for Lexington & arrived at 11 1/2. Drove to Colonel Reid's-attended Presbytery. Took tea at D^r. White's. M^r E.D. Junkin was on my motion elected moderator. Heard M^r Irwin preach a good Sermon.

April 18. Thurs.

Did not rest very well.

Received a letter from my son Robert stating that James was ordered to march immediately with his Company I know not where. O God watch over my dear Son. I feel intense anxiety & distress at the state of our public affairs. Captain Letcher's Company of Rifles marched from Lexington at 2 P.M. M^r Tebby a Methodist minister & I were called upon to offer prayer for them just before their departure. M^r Pilson who was present said there were not so many tears shed under any prayer I ever offered.

Captain White's Company of Cavalry marched at 6 p.m. I dined at D^r. Junkin's. He called together what Trustees could be found (8 I think) & tendered his Resignation which was unanimously accepted. I was appointed a Commissioner to the General Assembly. I told the Presbytery I would accept the appointment on the condition that I should be allowed to exercise my own judgment, whether in the present troubled state of the country, I should go or not. Took tea at Professor Campbell's. Heard N.W. Calhoun preach.

19. Fri.

The Presbytery Ordained Thomas L. Preston as an Evangelist. I was appointed to preside & deliver the Charge, which I did.

I received of the Treasurer $40. in advance, as expenses to & from the General Assembly. Also of M. Pilson for Minutes of the Assembly $1.00. Feeling so anxious about my dear James & their trouble at home, I obtained leave of absence & came 15 miles to M^r Nelson Bell's.

April 20th. Sat.

Did not rest well. Set off early-stopped at B. Smith's a short time. Heard near Greenville of the death of Phebe Patterson & received a Note from Mary in Greenville. Reached home before noon. A sad vacancy in my family my beloved James gone & my poor wife distressed. But I desire to bow in humble submission to God's Overruling Providence.

21. Sab.

I set off early with M^rs M^cFarland & Robert to preach at the Funeral of Phebe Patterson at 9 a.m. A large Assembly. Dined at James M^cClung & called at Mr Alexander Brownlee's. Find mourning everywhere about Sons etc. gone to resist northern troops.

22. Mon.

I intended to go to Staunton but was not well enough. Reading & writing & Sleeping.

23. Tu.

Still unwell. I think the result of a slight attack of Asthma, did not rise till near 8 a.m. Reading.

24. Wed.

I went to Greenville took M^rs McFarland to Mr Hay's. Made several calls in Greenville, & purchased several articles for domestic purposes. Received a letter from James from Mount Jackson, & one from Sister Roxa, written on Monday saying that James had arrived there.

25. Thurs.

I am quite unwell. Did not rise till 11 O'clock. Reading. Began to mark out for corn. Wrote to James & to William L. Bent, & sent my Check for $10. which William & Nathaniel Bent had kindly given James.

26. Fri.

I am somewhat better, but feeble. Studying a little. Received a letter from James dated on Tuesday at Harper's Ferry. Has a cold. Knows not his destination.

April 26. Fri. (continued)

No northern papers by this mail. The Railroad bridges in Maryland are destroyed to prevent northern troops from reaching Washington City. I know not how we can have communication with Philadelphia or New York.

27. Sat.

Studying, but not very well. Robert had to turn out as a home guard. Very strict police regulations are adopted.

28. Sab.

A light shower in the morning & then the day quite cool. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation on our duty as a Christian Congregation in this time of War. Indications are fearfully threatening now.

29. Mon.

Quite unwell. Went to Abraham Crist's where M^r Trevoy's child is quite low with Pneumonia. Went to Greenville to send James his red Jacket & white Pants. Saw Reverend M^r. Lambeth, just from Harper's Ferry. Bought 40 pounds Rio Coffee & 2 pounds of Green & 1 pound of Black Tea.

Received a letter from James he is well, but feet sore.

30. Tu.

Still not well-have a cold. Began to plant corn yesterday-Goodnight helping today.

May, 1861

May 1. Wed.

Cool. Planting corn. Goodnight & John Rosen assisting. Writing for William J. Gilkeson.

2. Thurs.

Cooler. Finished planting corn & began to plant Potatoes, all in the Northeast field.

3. Fri.

Studying. Finished planting potatoes. A chilling day. received Letters from Sister Roxa & James M^cFarland. James is now quartered at Bolivar 1 mile from Harper's Ferry.

4. Sat.

A little rain last night. It has turned cold. Studying.

May 5. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a large & attentive Congregation Went to Greenville. Dined at William Smith's. Preached to a good Congregation Home.

6. Mon.

It rained a little last night & today there were several fine showers & the wind turned to Southwest & it became warmer. Robert went to Staunton to the Guard Training & Mary & Frank went with him. I was engaged writing William J. Gilkeson's Will.

7. Tu.

Wrote to D^r. White informing him that I declined going to the General Assembly. Wrote also to Reverend E.D. Junkin & Reverend William T. Richardson. Sent letters also to my sons Francis & James. Mary & Robert returned.

8. Wed.

Robert returned to the training. I am reading Newspapers which make me very sad.

9. Thurs.

Reading. Visited at the Poorhouse. M^r Hall advising me that I can now get from Washington to Philadelphia but I will decline going.

10. Fri.

A good rain fell gently & cleared off warm. Thanks be to God. I wrote to Colonel Patterson. Letters from D^r. White, Reverend S. Brown, Betsey Humphreys & E.L. Holladay. received Semi-weekly Dispatch of of this day.

11. Sat.

Pleasant. Robert went to General Muster. Studying. Wrote to D^r. William Brown & remitted $1 payment for the Semi-Weekly Dispatch for six months. Wrote also to D^r. Humphreys.

12. Sab.

Preached at Bethel & at Christians Creek School House to good & attentive Congregations then home.

May 13. Mon.

The warmest day for 8 months. I was reading & working a little.

14. Tu.

Reading. received Letters from Betsey & from Francis. The latter is Orderly Sergeant in a Troop of Cavalry now in Alexandria. received a letter from Reverend B.M. Smith. Wrote to D^r. Smith & D^r. John Leyburn. Enclosed a gold Dollar for M^r Van Gelder for Minutes.

15. Wed.

Went to Greenville. Visited Alexander Brownlee, he thinks himself a little better. Bought several articles of Lightner & Company M^rs McFarland who has been absent since Sabbath came home with me.

16. Thurs.

Reading. M^rs Larew here. M^r Benjamin M^cClung came & spent the night with us.

17. Fri.

Studying & working.

18. Sat.

Studying.

19. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation Young M^r Trout came with nearly 300 yards Plaid linsey to make shirts for the Soldiers with a note that they wanted 1000 made by Tuesday night. They were sending the work round to the different Congregations. Our ladies appointed to meet at the church tomorrow morning. Dined at M^r Gardner's & preached to a good Congregation Came home.

20. Mon.

M^rs McFarland Mary & Robert went to Bethel. In the afternoon a good rain. Reading.

21. Tu.

Reading. Letters from James.

22. Wed.

Reading. Wrote to D^r. William Brown & to James M^cFarland.

May 23. Thurs.

Went to Greenville. This the day of the election for members of the Legislature & for voting on the Ordinance of Secession & the equalization of Taxation. I voted for B. Christian for the Senate, William M. Tate, N. Massie & H.W. Sheffey for the House of Delegates. I voted to equalize the Taxation & to sustain the action of the Convention as Revolution, for it is such. This is the most painful vote I ever gave. The Course of the Administration making actual war upon the South to compel them to remain in the Union, or return into it, seeded to leave me no alternative. I mourn in bitterness over the state of things, but Virginia did all she could for peace.

Mary Wallace & John Shields spent the night here.

24.

Reading & Studying. M^rs R. Miday arrived from Winchester.

25. Sat.

Went to Hebron & preached to a good Congregation After public worship a Congregational meeting was held. A vote was taken & some 15 or 16 voted to take up the subject of electing a Pastor. But then no one would nominate & there being no nomination there could be no election. It was postponed & a Committee appointed to have the pulpit supplied. Dined at M^rs Wrights & came home.

26th. Sab.

Preached the Action Sermon at Hebron & assisted in administering the Lord's Supper. Jerusha M. M^cPheters & James Waddell Calhoun received on Examination. Reverend N.W. Calhoun Assisted.

May 27. Mon.

Went to Staunton. Court day. Took Mary's Rockaway to be repaired. Very high wind-turned to West Northwest & became cooler. Deposited Money in Bank. Dined at Reverend M^r Baker's with M^r Bowman. Heard Honorable A.H.H. Stuart make a speech.

28. Tu.

Reading & working.

29. Wed.

Reading, writing & working.

30.

Called at M^r J. Bumgarners. Dined at M^r Merritt's. Bought a side of Upper leather of Sonith for $3.00.

31. Fr.

Studying. Harrowing Corn.

June, 1861

June 1. Sat.

Studying.

2. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation & in Greenville to a small one. Dined at D^r. Tate's. Home.

3. Mon.

Warm. Between 1 & 2 P.M. a fine shower. Needed.

4. Tu.

A good shower last night. A little rain today. Robert went to Staunton. Reverend Henry Brown came & spent the night with us; he is in good health.

5. Wed.

A shower again last night. Reading.

6. Thurs.

Reading. Went to see young Montgomery who is just from Harper's Ferry. Ladies making tents & uniforms for the Soldiers.

7. Fri.

A pleasant Shower. A second Shower. After dinner M^rs McFarland & I set off & spent the night Ballard Smith's. D^r. White, recently from Buckhannon, where he owned a good farm in the neighborhood, a good house & lot in town & had a medicinal practice worth $2,500 was leaving that region with his family & servants on on account of the war & the distracted state of society there.

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He spent the night with us. Also M^r Charles Estill & his wife, who has been teaching in the Military Institute in Charlotte, N.C. associated with Colonel Hill, formerly of Lexington, Virginia. A M^r Richardson also with M^r Estill.

June 8. Sat.

Went to Mount Carmel & preached to a good Congregation Dined at M^r Bradley's. Spent an hour at the Reverend William Pinkerton's. Spent the night at Captain Henry's.

9. Sab.

Preached what is called a Dedication Sermon in their new church, to a very large Congregation after which the Lord's Supper was administered.

Dined at James Smiths & came home. My son Robert was near losing his life today. He was driving M^r Hawpe's horse & Buggy with Mary Hawpe coming home from Mount Carmel when beyond Greenville the Breech strap broke & the horse ran off & at John Larew's door they were thrown out & Robert was thrown under the feet of the horses in Larew's carriage & they started & the carriage ran over Robert. He was a good deal hurt but no bones were broken. Mary Hawpe was not much hurt. Thanks be to God for their escapes.

10. Mon.

At home. Reading. Letter from Francis on Saturday.

11. Tu.

Reading & working.

12. Wed.

Went to Greenville. Bought of Lightner & Company Four yards of Black Broadcloth at $5 per yard (cost) & paid for it. This for a Coat for myself & Robert. Visited M^r Brownlee-Called at Adam Hawpe's. A fine shower.

13. Thurs.

This the day of Fasting & prayer appointed by President. Davis of the Southern Confederacy. The Congregation at Bethel was uncommonly large. The Gallery was also full of

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Servants. All business was suspended. It was a solemn meeting. At 4 p.m. I attended another Prayer meeting in Greenville. House full. There was another meeting at the Christians Creek school house at 4 p.m.

I feel greatly encouraged by the character of these meetings. If they were generally such, it is a token for good from God, who has inclined man's heart to pray.

June 14. Fr.

A pleasant day. Reading & Studying.

15. Sat.

Studying. received of William J. Gilkeson $65, money lent him March 23^d last with one dollar interest.

16. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation Dined at John Shields with Mary Wallace. Preached at Christians Creek School House to an overflowing house. Came home.

17. Mon.

Reading. Wrote to William Bent & Colonel Reid & James McFarland. Went to the Post Office.

18. Tu.

Varnishing etc. received letters from Roxa & William Bent. James came from Shepperdstown on Friday last to Winchester & left for Bunker's Hill on Sunday at 4 P.M.

19. W.

M^rs McFarland & I visited at S. Hays' M^r Pilson's & William Thompson's.

20. Thurs.

Reading & working.

21. Fri.

Studying. Finished plowing Corn.

22. Sat.

Studying.

23.

Preached at Bethel & in Greenville to good Congregations.

24. Mon.

Went to Staunton. Returned by Mint Spring Colonel Reid in my Buggy. Robert returned-absent 6 days.

June 25. Tues.

Reading & working. Mowing.

26. Wed.

Visited M^rs Patterson, M^r M^cClung & Brownlee. Saw John Wilson direct from Martinsburg where James is & has the Mumps.

Bought 20 pounds of Rio Coffee at 24 cents, cost & ear.

27. Thurs.

Varnishing etc. Hauling in hay, 2 loads.

28. Fri.

Studying. Began to cut Wheat North of the house.

29. Sat.

Studying. A very fine Rain last night-fell moderately & continued nearly all night. Life for the corn.

30. Sab.

Rained till about 3 p.m. moderately. I went to Bethel with Mary & Robert. Only 8 persons more came & half of them when I was about having sung & read & prayed with a few came home.

July, 1861

July 1. Mon.

Working. Cutting Wheat. A shower in the afternoon.

2. Tu.

Cool. Went to Greenville to see Captain Newton who has come home on a furlough-James belongs to his company. Dined at M^r Newton's. Bought a considerable Bill, chiefly groceries of Lightner & Company. Gave a Check for $40. which pays all to this date. Cutting Wheat. John A. Wright & Mater here.

3. Wed.

Working all day-very tired. My hands assisting M^r Wright.

4. Th.

Reading. John A. Wright & Mater here harvesting.

5. Fri.

Working. Wright & Mater here today also. Letters from Betsey & D^r. Humphreys from James, William Bent & M^rs E. Hodge.

6. Sat.

Wrote to D^r. Humphreys. Studying. The rain prevented harvesting.

July 7. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation Subject-Nebuchadnezzar's Proclamation found in Daniel Chapter IV throughout. Good attention. About 3 p.m. had a very heavy rain which flooded my meadow & I fear ruined my hay crop this year.

8. Mon.

Day warm. My hands at Wright's harvesting. I wrote an article for the Central Presbyterian in regard to forming "The General Assembly of the Confederate States of America" & took it to the Post Office. received a letter from James, who is in Winchester at his uncle Nathaniel Bent's, not sufficiently recovered for duty.

9. Tu.

Warm. A shower. I was busy writing. Hands harvesting. At Wrights & here also.

10. Wed.

Finished cutting Wheat. Reading. Robert went to Staunton. A shower.

11. Thurs.

Hauling in Wheat. A Shower. Cooler.

12. Fr.

Fine day-hauling in Wheat. Studying. A light Shower early in the night. Letter from Roxa Bent. James is well.

13. Sat.

Studying. Finished hauling in Wheat. Had 276 Shocks, large bind. Thanks be to God.

14. Sab.

Preached at Bethel & Mint Spring. Was called on to give notices for all Militia Companies to parade tomorrow at 8 a.m.

15. Mon.

All the Militia are ordered out. Our troops in Randolph County under Colonel Heck it is said were surrounded & had a severe encounter. Spent the day aiding Robert to get ready. I was ill today with Dysentery, not very bad.

July 16. Tu.

Had a more comfortable night than I expected. I went to Staunton with Robert who with his Company is called into Service. It is sad to part with my last son-they are now all in the army. May God preserve them. I gave Robert $15. in money, and furnished him everything. I bought a Revolver for him for which I paid $15. Other things $3.25.

17. Wed.

I feel feeble but am better. Reading. Jefferson mowing & hauling in gleanings-had four loads.

18. Th.

M^rs McFarland & I went to Staunton. Stopped at Colonel Tate's. The Militia are not ready to leave. Saw Robert. I think he is likely to do well.

There is a Regiment of 900 Arkansas troops encamped opposite Colonel Tate's. Saw D^r. B.M. Smith, M^r Richardson & M^r Boardman.

Came home by Mint Spring where the ladies had prepared a dinner for the Fairfield M^cDowell Guards commanded by the Reverend Captain John Miller; a fine company of 80 men. It was a pleasant entertainment & they took with them all they left which was more than they ate. Captain Miller handsomely thanked the ladies in the name of the Company & I responded in the name of the ladies & then prayed at the request of Captain Miller. Home. A good shower.

19. Fr.

Warm. Studying. Hauling in Hay, two loads.

20. Sat.

Studying. Cutting Oats. Mary went to Staunton with M^rs M^cPheeters. Sent for Robert who came home late.

21. Sab.

Preached at Bethel with more than usual liberty, I thank God, & the people seemed very solemn & I was told that it was a comforting sermon to Christians.

22. Mon.

It was raining when I woke & had rained a good deal in the night & it continued to rain all day without intermission & pretty heavily, but not so as to make a flood, & continued till about 10 p.m.

23. Tu.

I got my horse shod at Lightner's. Heard of a great Battle fought near Manassas Junction. Called to see Samuel M^cAden. Cutting Oats.

24. Wed.

Went to Staunton. Great excitement about the recent victory. But difficult to learn the results. Dined at M^r Keysers. Saw D^r. B.M. Smith Reverend Messrs Blain, Campbell & Thomas.

25. Thurs.

I was quite unwell last night & did not rise today till near noon.

Cleaned up 14 Bushels of wheat gleanings. Finished hauling in hay.

I went to see John Hays who has come home wounded on Sunday last at Manassas Junction, through his shoulder & neck-a very narrow escape.

Reverend M^r Thomas spent the night with us. I am glad to hear from Francis-John Hays saw him on last Saturday & conversed an hour with him. He was well & reputed a good soldier.

July 26. Fri.

Studying. Hauling in oats, 3 loads.

27. Sat.

Cloudy & raining a good deal. Studying.

28. Sab.

This day has been appointed by a unanimous Resolution of the Confederate Congress on which "the people are invited to offer up their united Thanksgiving & praise for the mighty deliverance" wrought on last Sabbath in the glorious victory obtained at Manassas. I preached & endeavored to give God the Glory due to his name; & in the Afternoon in Greenville. Had good Congregations & good attention. Came home.

29. Mon.

Hauling in Oats. Preached at the Funeral of Samuel M^cAdden. Letters from James & Roxa. James has suffered much with Neuralgia.

30. Tu.

Went to Staunton. Wrote to James. Robert has volunteered. If he goes this will greatly embarrass my home business, but I desire patiently to submit to the will of Providence.

31.

Cutting oats. Very warm. A letter from Francis.

August, 1861

Aug. 1. Thurs.

Reading chiefly of the wonderful victory that God has given us, July 21^st.

2. Fr.

Studying. Raking up Oats.

3. Sat.

Studying. Got in more oats. Brought home the flour of ten Bushels of gleaned wheat.

4. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation.

5. Mon.

Varnishing. Cutting oats. Very warm.

6. Tu.

Visited the Gibson family. They are much afflicted & take wrong views of our Political affairs. Reverend M^r Withrow & wife dined here. Finished cutting oats.

Aug. 7. Wed.

Working. Got in the last of our Oats. A better crop than our neighbors.

8. Thurs.

Working. Hauling Plank. Benjamin M^cClung & M^rs Dossey came & spent the night here. I went to see a M^r Trice who has Typhoid Fever at his uncle's & is very ill. There was a tremendous rain while I was there & a great flood. Not near so much rain at home & but a little flood.

9. Fr.

Studying. M^rs Dossey went to M^r Henderson's to be leached & returned. Another fine rain.

10. Sat.

Studying. B. M^cClung went home. M^rs Dossey stayed. Fine showers in the afternoon.

11. Sab.

Preached at Bethel & at M^rs Sproul's. Spent the night at M^rs Sproul's pleasantly.

12. Mon.

Returned home, calling at M^r Randolph's & M^r Bumgarner's. Went to Miss Abney's to see Lieutenant Grills-did not see him, but left a bundle for him to take to James.

13. Tu.

Working & Reading. Mater helping to haul out manure. Robert came home.

14. Wed.

Reading. Robert returned to Staunton. Mary & I visited Lizzie Brawford.

15. Thurs.

Had some Asthma last night & headache this morning that I did not rise till 11 O'clock. A letter from D^r. Hays of Columbia, Tennessee brings the sad intelligence that our daughter Humphreys is not now living, in all probability, as all her physicians thought she could not live more than 24 or 36 hours. The letter was dated the 8^th instant.

Aug 16. Fri.

Unwell, could not study.

17. Sat.

Studying a little. It began to rain early & it increased till noon, then ceased.

A letter from Tennessee brought the distressing intelligence of the death of our beloved daughter Betsey Humphreys. She was taken with Bileous Fever on Sabbath July 21^st & died August 8 at 7 O'clock P.M. It is a heavy stroke on us but I trust she was a sincere Christian, & is therefore now with her Savior. May God accompany this bereavement with a blessing to us all & especially to my dear Sons.

18. Sab.

Rain. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation Not well. A horid murder was perpetrated last night at M^r Grim's by a man named Randolph killing his wife-cutting open her bowels with a large disk. The woman died before day.

19. Mon.

Warmer. Reading & working. I suffer at night with the Asthma. Rest badly.

20. Tu.

Heavy Rain. In the afternoon took M^rs M^cFarland to Staunton to consult with D^r. Waddell about a very sore finger from which she has suffered much for ten days. He opened it we went to Colonel Tate's & spent the night there. Robert, my son spent the night with us. He has been to Manassas to see James. Did not see Francis who was removed to Leesburg. He brought many momentoes from the Battlefield. James sent a Minie Rifle, which

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was found the day after the Battle.

Aug. 21. Wed.

Robert handed me Forty dollars from James of which I am to remit $7.50 to Nathaniel Bent, & retain the remainder for him. Came home to dinner, & there went to see Lizie Brawford & returned.

22. Thurs.

Had a bad night with Asthma. Reading.

23. Fri.

Spent a restless night with Asthma. Reverend William Pinkerton preached at Bethel & Reverend H. Brown followed with a good exhortation. M^r Brown came home with us.

24. Sat.

Cooler. M^r H. Brown preached a very good Sermon on "Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian" & M^r William Pinkerton followed with a good address. I went to see M^r Trotter who is suffering much with pain in his leg, supposed to be neuralgia. Robert came home.

25. Sab.

M^r Pinkerton unwell, did not return. M^r Brown preached on Daniel 5:6 "His thoughts troubled him" a good sermon. I introduced the Ordinance. A solemn day.

26. Mon.

Spent an uncomfortable night with coughing. Did not rise till near noon; feel very weak.

27. Tu.

Still very feeble. Rain. Plowing for wheat Northwest field. Remitted to D^r. William Brown $5.67-being $5. from Bethel Congregation to procure religious reading for the Soldiers & 67 cents for the Central Presbyterian for John Merritt for the remainder of the year.

Aug. 28.

I spent a bad night. Lay in bed till 11 a.m. I am exceedingly weak-do not know the cause. I feel so dull I can hardly read. Rained all day.

29. Thurs.

Still very unwell & feeble. James Rosen died today & I have not been able to go to see him. A very heavy rain this forenoon.

30. Fri.

Still feeble. John Hays came for me to go & see M^r Trotter. I went; he is very ill & low & I suppose will die today. Alas. He is a good man. He knew me & answered my questions satisfactorily. Went to see Mary Pilson who is confined to to bed, but I hope in no danger.

31. Sat.

I was so broken down by my ride yesterday that I rested badly & did not rise till 10 a.m. M^r Monroe came this morning to let me know that M^r Trotter died yesterday at 4 p.m. & would be buried today at 11 a.m. Alas. I cannot go. I am very weak & unwell today.

September, 1861

Sept. 1. Sab.

Very feeble. Went to Bethel in doubt whether I would be able to preach. Providentially Reverend A.B. M^cCorkle was there & preached a short but very good discourse.

I dined with him at M^r Bumgarner's. Robert came home this morning.

2. Mon.

Took Calomel last night-am better, but weak. Robert left us. A messenger came to inform me that Lizzie Brawford died this morning.

D^r. William S. White came & spent the night with us. Mary at M^r Brawford's.

Sep. 3.

Preached at M^r Brawford's at Lizzie's Funeral to a large assembly Reverend A.B. M^cCorkle there.

4. Wed.

Set off for Presbytery at 7 a.m. to Mount Horeb church. Attended to the business of Presbytery was appointed chair man of a Committee on our church Relations. Spent the night at M^r James Crawford's.

5. Thurs.

Reported on the church relations & it was adopted Unanimously, except M^r Miller & M^r Irwin wished a provisional separation at first. M^r Miller Preached. Stayed at M^r Crawford's & had a bad night with Asthma.

I was appointed a Commissioner to aid in organizing the General Assembly of the Confederate States of America.

Spent the night at D^r. Walker's where Reverend M^r. Custer boards. Had Asthma. These two lines belong to the next day.

6. Fri.

Presbytery finished its business & it adjourned to meet during Synod.

7. Sat.

I remained to spend the Sabbath & returned to D^r. Walkers. Asthma.

8. Sab.

I preached in the morning. Reverend S. Brown administered the Lords Supper & D^r. White preached in the afternoon. We three Ministers came & spent the night at Samuel Finley's. Asthma.

9. Mon.

Set out for home. Took Robert home in my Buggy, as he wanted James' Minie Musket. He bid us all Farewell & returned to camp. Had a bad restless night.

Sept. 10. Tues.

Remained in bed till noon. I am very feeble.

11. Wed.

In bed all day, chiefly from debility.

12. Thurs.

Have bad nights-distressing cough & have to sit up in bed. Rose in the afternoon.

13. Fri.

No better. In bed all day.

14. Sat.

Had another bad night, but am a little better today. Remained in bed till 5 p.m.

15. Sab.

Had a rather better night. Rose at 11 a.m. Have a little more strength. Alas, I could not go to Bethel to preach the Word. Mary went. A good Congregation & a good Prayer meeting. A letter from James.

16. Mon.

Perhaps improving. Rose at 10 A.M. Reading. Wrote to James.

17. Tu.

I do not think I am any better today. Did not rise till after 10 a.m. received another sad letter from D^r. Humphreys his youngest & far favorite child Philip died of Diphtheria on the 10^th instant. Alas, how mysterious.

18. Wed.

Not so well. M^r Gilkeson came to see me. M^rs D^r. Baldwin & Miss Stuart came to see us. I did not rise till after noon.

19. Th.

I rose a little after 9 a.m. & feel decidedly stronger & better. Wrote to D^r. Humphreys.

20. Fri.

Rode to M^r Bumgarners with the purpose of going to see M^rs Sproul, but found I was not able. Returned & called to see John Rose. M^r Blain came to see us.

Sept. 21. Sat.

I am somewhat better. M^r Blain remained & went to M^r Bumgarners & returned.

22. Sab.

Went to Bethel. Reverend John S. Blain preached an excellent sermon from Acts 12:20. It was ingenious original, simple & evangelical & well delivered. I am quite weak.

23. Mon.

I am very feeble & unwell today. M^rs Hallady left us today-Mary took her to Staunton. She goes with M^r & M^rs Bradley, if possible, to join her daughter in Wilkes-Barre. She has been here four months. Jefferson took her baggage.

24. Tu.

I am a little better.

25. Wed.

Not so well. Finished plowing for wheat. M^rs Gilkeson & Sally dined here. M^r Pilson came to see me. M^r Henderson here. Took blue pill.

26. Thurs.

I am a little stronger. received a letter from James & answered it. Began to rain at dark.

27. Fri.

It rained heavily, I think, all night & continued all the forenoon. Wind Northeast. In the afternoon the wind changed to Southeast & very high, with heavy showers. At 5 p.m. the wind turned West & it began to clear off.

28. Sat.

Was asthmatic & did not rest well. Did not rise to breakfast. Oppressed in my breathing. received a letter from Robert from their Camp on the head waters of South Branch of Potomac, date 24^th.

29. Sab.

Did not rise till 8 a.m. Still very weak. Went to Bethel & preached an hour in my

[page 157]
usual manner. Felt much exhausted, but did not feel the full effect till I went to bed before Sunset, when the sense of fatigue was greater than I ever felt after preaching. Did not rest well.

Sept. 30. Mon.

I feel badly-did not rise till 10 1/2 a.m. feeble & Asthmatic. Drilling wheat.

October, 1861

October 1. Tu.

I had a bad night last night. I think the worst yet. Feel badly. Did not rise till 11 a.m. Feel much oppression in my breast. Yesterday & today M^r Henderson has been drilling wheat for me in the Northwest field. Sowing Timothy seed also on it. Drilled 19 bushels on the field, supposed to be 1 1/2 Bushels an acre annually.

Paid M^r Henderson $5. for drilling.

Reverend M^r Harris & M^r Gilmer a Candidate for the ministry came & spent the night. Also the Reverend D^r. William Brown from Richmond.

2. Wed.

Messrs. Harris & Gilmer left us after breakfast. D^r. Brown remained till after dinner. It was a very pleasant visit to us. I am still suffering much with asthma. After supper Robert came, having been sent from the army with the sick of his Regiment, about 50 in number. He got a furlough for 10 days. Has the Mumps, but not badly.

3. Thurs.

I believe I am no better. Did not rise till 11 a.m. Robert & Mary went to Greenville. Sowed nearly Seven Bushels of wheat on the lot in front of the house. Finished Seeding.

Octr. 4. Fri.

I think I am a little better. Robert went to Staunton-heard that on yesterday the Federal troops, 5000 strong, attacked our at Greenbrier river (2700) & were repulsed. We lost 4 killed Thank God. Robert is quite unwell today.

On Yesterday I received Ten dollars, a present from Robert M^cAden, son of Samuel, on a account of my attention to his aunt & his Father.

5. Sat.

I had very little Asthma last night & feel better, but have a troublesome cough. I feel very weak. I was called on today to preach at Henry Aden's at the funeral of his step daughter Catharine Hall who died [deleted: last night] yesterday & his daughter Sarah who died last night, both of Typhoid fever. Alas, I am not able to go. Mary Lewis sat up last night at M^r M^cPheeters' as M^rs M^cP. & Jerusha are both very ill. M^rs M^cFarland went down today.

6. Sab.

Spent an uncomfortable night. Very Weak. Went to Bethel; held a prayer meeting. I delivered two exhortations & prayed. Took a Collection for Domestic Missions. I feel badly.

Went to bed & applied a mustard poultice to my breast which relieved me much.

7. Mon.

Rested better & feel better today. It began to rain early & rained heavily nearly all day. Wrote to James & enclosed a letter to General Jackson.

October 8. Tues.

It rained very heavily last night. I rested tolerably. Not so well this morning, but better in the afternoon. Wrote to D^r. William & Samuel Brown.

9. Wed.

Rested pretty well. Maria Blackwood & Peggie Anne Lambert, M^rs Tate Wallace & M^rs Dossey spent last night with us & left us today before dinner.

I still feel a good deal unwell. Writing.

10. Thurs.

M^rs M^cFarland sat with sick at M^r M^cPheeters'. I rested badly-ate my breakfast in bed. I am more unwell today.

11. Fri.

Again rested badly, but better after Breakfast. Able to study a little.

12. Sat.

Breakfasted in bed. I am about as on yesterday. Studying & preparing for Synod.

13. Sab.

Put mustard on my breast last night & am better today. Preached to a good Congregation & nearly an hour without much exhaustion-thanks be to God. John Randolph of Middlebrook died yesterday of Apoplexy. Alas few men go into eternity with so gloomy a prospect.

14. Mon.

Better. Rose near 4 O'clock a.m. Breakfasted at 5 & set out as soon as light for Staunton & arrived about 7 1/2 O'clock took the Cars for Richmond & arrived about 5 p.m. Lodged at [blank space] kept by M^rs Morton, with D^r. Brown & wife, M^r Samuel Brown also there. Rested pretty well. Fare to Richmond $6. Hackhire.

October 15. Tues.

Pretty well. Spent a good part of the morning in an excursion through the city. Procured a passport to go to Petersburg. At 4 p.m. took the Cars for Petersburg. Was taken in a Carriage to Captain Robert D. M^cIlwaine's where I had every comfort. D^r. Dabney Preached an excellent Sermon.

16. Wed.

Had some Asthma last night. Attended closely to business. I was made chairman of a Committee of ten on the present & prospective state of the Presbyterian church in the Confederate States.

Reverend Henry Alexander preached on "this one thing I do.

17. Thurs.

Attended the sittings of the Synod & of the Committee diligently. D^r. White took tea with me. D^r. M.D. Hoge preached a noble sermon on

18. Fr.

I rested better last night. Attended closely the meetings of Synod & of the important Committee of which I am Chairman. I felt jaded & did not attend preaching in the evening. Retired early.

19. Sat.

Did not rest so well. This has been a busy day & I attended closely.

Heard D^r. Moore preach & M^r Wharey in the evening. The sermon of the latter was good, but the effort to be eloquent was too apparent.

October 20. Sab.

D^r. William Hoge preached an excellent Sermon from Proverbs 1:20 to [blank space]. I closed with prayer. In the afternoon the Lord's Supper was administered by D^r. Wilson (2), D^r. Ramsey (1) & myself (3)-a solemn service.

Reverend D^r. John Leyburn preached at night. I still have some Asthma at night.

21.

Left Petersburg for Richmond at 9 a.m. Went on invitation directly to the house of my valued friend Reverend D^r. M.D. Hoge where I & my friend D^r. White were cordially received. Called on M^r & M^rs Brown. They Spent the evening with me. Heard Humphrey Marshall speak.

22. Tu.

I had a bad night with Asthma & feel badly this morning. There is a fine misty rain from the Northeast D^r. Hoge procured passports for D^r. White & myself to go to Manassas although they are refusing them almost universally.

23. Wed.

I rested better last night.

At 7.50 O'clock left Richmond & reached Manassas at 5 p.m. Major Boyles refused us a passport to Centreville & we went on without. Met no obstruction & reached General T.J. Jackson's head quarters about 8 p.m. over 7 miles of the worst road I have travelled on wheels for 20 years. General Jackson sent an Ambulance for us, by Henry White. At General Jackson's head quarters I was introduced to General Johnston the commander in Chief & Major General Smith. My son James met me at Manassas.

October 23d Wed. Continued.

My Son Francis Met me at General Jackson's-I was rejoiced to see him after an absence of nearly 5 years. After family worship conducted by me, we lay down-General Jackson gave me his own Cot & he & D^r. White lay on the floor without bed or matress.

24. Thurs.

Rested imperfectly. Breakfasted at General Jackson's tent with the General D^r. White M^r. Pendleton, son of the Colonel Robert Grattan &

Colonel Harman called to see me & gave me a Check for $600. for his wife. My sons came & waked with them to James' tent saw many of my young friends. Colonel Harman allowed James & James Hays to be with me all day. Captain Doyle was very polite in going with me round the field & shewing the fortifications etc.

My Son Francis is on the sick list & is boarding at a M^r Jameson's. I went there with him & James & I stayed for dinner. They seem a very pleasant & kind family.

There are probably 30,000 men encamped in sight of Centreville & they are Strongly fortifying all the commanding positions.

I was introduced to many high Officers-two Colonel Stuarts & Captain M^cLaughlin of the Artillery. Supped with General Jackson. Attended a prayer meeting at Henry White's & addressed & prayed with about 50. Spent the night as the preceding. Bid my son Francis farewell. He is not well.

October 25. Fri.

Rested pretty well. Woke about 2 O'clock A.M. General Jackson's servant Geroge made a fire at 3 & I arose. The General Also would rise-George brought a lunch-James came on a Mule which Colonel Harman let him have with permission to go with me to Manassas & the Countemien which General Jackson gave me. About 4 a.m. I set out on General Jackson's horse. The morning was very cold but fine moonlight. Reached Manassas before sunrise. There parted with my dear Son James & took the cars for Staunton. Reached home in safety about dark. Glory to God.

26. Sat.

So much fatigued I could not study.

27. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation but came home much fatigued. Mary & her children went to M^rs Sprouls's, intending tomorrow to go to M^r Harrison's.

28. Mon.

did not rest well. Could do but little. Visited M^r M^cPheters & family. He is very unwell, the others are all better.

29. Tu.

I am better. Went the Post Office Letters to Reverend M^r Harris, M^rs E. Brown & to & from Robert. Visited M^r Pilsons family who are much afflicted, also Henry M^cCadden's & Ann M^cCadden. Went to Greenville & home. Mary returned from M^r Harrison's.

30. Wed.

M^rs McFarland & I dined at M^r Bumgarner's & went on to M^rs Sprouls; & spent the night there.

31. Thurs.

Called to see M^rs Randolph & came home. Sent by M^r F. White $25 to D^r. White for Domestic Missions.

November, 1861

Novr. 1. Fr.

Day cool & unpleasant, & I am so unwell I cannot study. Began to rain early in the night.

2. Sat.

It rained incessantly all night & very heavily this morning. Studying. Went to M^r Gilkeson's-Francis very ill-did not see him. M^r M^c Pheeters worse. Jeff went to Staunton for D^r. William M^cChesney to come & see M^r McPheeters

M^rs M^cFarland went to sit up at M^r Gilkeson's.

3. Sab.

Preached at Bethel a Funeral Sermon at the request of M^rs Quarels on account of the death of her son James W.Q. who was in the retreat of General Garnett & came home & died of typhoid fever, aged 26. He was a baptist, joined the church at 14 & died October 8. The young women whose names I also mentioned were Methodists, the step daughter & daughter of Henry M^cCadden-Catharine J. Hall & Sarah E. M^cCadden. I am fatigued.

4. Mon.

Last night, apprehending that the atmosphere of my study was unwholesome to me to sleep in, I removed to our old bed room & had a much better night & I am better today. Writing an abstract of the Minutes of Synod for the Central Presbyterian.

5. Tues.

I rested pretty well & feel still better. A messenger came to request me to preach at the Funeral of Captain Samuel Lambert who died if Typhoid fever on the top of Allegheny, and

[page 164]
his remains were sent home. Had a pretty large Congregation Visited John Frenger & his Son William who have been ill with typhoid fever & John Hays, with the same disease. Came home & took M^rs McFarland to M^r Gilkeson.

6. Wed.

Went to Greenville to the Election voted for Jefferson Davis for President & [Alexander] Stephens for Vice President Colonel J.B. Baldwin for Congress & Jonathan Hendren for the Convention. Dined at William Smith's. Put Cloth into the hands of Mitchell to make me a Coat.

7. Thurs.

I went to bed unusually well last night and slept comfortably till near 4 a.m. when I woke with a distressing sense of oppression. After an hour or more M^rs M^cFarland a mustard poultice on my Stomach & I obtained gradual relief but was unwell through the day. I wrote to Robert.

8. Fri.

I am pretty well, but for several days have felt that irritation in my skin that admonishes me of that troublesome eruption. I have been studying.

9. Sat.

Studying about noon it began to rain & rained heavily till near night. Wrote to D^r. Humphreys. received letters from Robert & James.

10. Sab.

Foggy, gloomy, chilly. I rested badly in the early part of the night from incipient eruption in my left leg chiefly. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation

11. Mon.

In consequence of the eruption making me so uncomfortable, though but little appears I set out for Crawford's Springs.

Dined at Robert Dunlap's.

Was very kindly received by the Crawford family-M^r & M^rs Crawford M^r & M^rs Morris, Harriet, Mary, Josephine, William etc. 22 hunters there.

Nov 12. Tu.

Drinking sulfur water. Day very nice. Hunters killed nothing yesterday or today & are discouraged.

13. Wed.

The hunters left, lovely day. I am better.

14. Thur.

Morning cloudy. No pay would be received Set off for home at 9 a.m. Dined at William Dunlap's-all very kind, found all well, Deo gratiae. Letters from Francis & James-the latter encamped at Kearnstown, near Winchester. Came from Manassas to Strasburg on Friday night.

15. Fri.

This the day appointed by President Davis as a day of Fasting & prayer. We had a very good Congregation & a Sermon interesting meeting. Reverend John H. Harris with us.

16. Sat.

A sprinkling of snow last night-the first. Day very cold. M^r Harris preached well.

17. Sab.

This our Communion Sabbath received M^r Johnathan Hauber on Certificate from Waynesboro & Miss Mary Guy, daughter of William Guy of Deerfield, on Examination. M^r Harris made a very long prayer & preached 1 hour & 25 min. The Sermon did not please me.

We had a very good Congregation & good attention.

18. Mon.

Visited John Franger, who is probably near death. He has a hope.

Paid M^r Mitchell for making me a coat $4.50. being 50 cents less than his price. Dined at D^r. Tate's.

Received from James $20. to keep for him.

Nov. 19. Tu.

Went to visit M^rs Sproul. She is very unwell-confined to bed, but better. I fear, however, she will never recover much.

20. Wed.

Preached at the Funeral of John Franger. Called to see John Hays-he is improving. The Symptoms of the eruption-the irritation in my legs & back very troublesome & keeps me awake at nights.

21. Thurs.

Set off for Crawford's Springs. Dined at William Dunlap's.

22. Fr.

Reading & drink sulfur water.

23. Sat.

Reading & writing etc.

24. Sab.

Preached at Variety Springs to the invalid convalescent Soldiers. There are about 120 there. D^r. Jon G. Boatwright is the Surgeon & Lieutenant Bailey the military officer.

25. Mon.

Came home. Threshing Oats.

26. Tu.

Writing a Sermon. Cleaning Oats.

27. Wed.

Preparing for my journey to Augusta. Threshing Wheat half the day. Rain.

28. Thurs.

Left home about noon for Staunton on my way to Augusta Georgia to form the General Assembly of the Presbyterian church in the Confederate States of America. Mary & Frank went with me to Staunton. Spent the night at Colonel Tate's. Had Asthma.

Nov 29. Fri.

Left Staunton at 7.15' for Richmond & arrived there at 5.15' p.m. Professor Campbell, Reverend W.S. Richardson & J.D. Armstrong, Esquire in Company. Lodged at D^r. Hoge's.

30. Sat.

Left Richmond at 5 a.m. in company with Reverend D^r. William Brown. Breakfast in Petersburg. D^r. A.B. Ramsey, M^r S. M^cCorkle, D^r. Foote, etc with us. Through Weldon & Raleigh to Greensboro, & arrived at 9 30' p.m. Stayed at a hotel.

December, 1861

Dec. 1. Sab.

Reverend J. Henry Smith, the Pastor, preached in the afternoon, D^r. Brown & D^r. Foote at night. Became acquainted with M^r Sloan (an Elder) M^r Jesse H. Lindsay an Elder also & who accompanied us to the General Assembly also M^r [blank space] Sterling, Teacher. Left G. at 9.30' p.m. & reached Charlotte NorthCarolina at 3 a.m. Slept 4 hours & breakfasted.

Dec. 2. Mon.

Morning pleasant. In the afternoon, began to rain. When near Winnsboro, the hindmost Car in which most of us were ran off the track & the wheels were torn from under it & it was very much wrecked by being dragged over the ends of the ties for about 30 yards. But then the coupling broke which saved our lives. No one was hurt-blessed be God. Lodged at the Congaree House, Columbia.

3. Tues.

Cs. Last night it rained in torrents. Left Columbia at 6.30' & Branchville at

[page 168]
11 a.m. and arrived at Augusta Georgia at 3 p.m. Dined at the Southern States Hotel without charge to us. I was taken to Judge R.H. Warren's. Pretty well, but a little Asthma.

Dec. 4. Wed.

Reverend D^r. Joseph R. Wilson & D^r. William Brown called on me to indicate a plan that is seemed had been agreed upon by some, I know not who-that I should be appointed to preside till the Assembly was organized, & that I should nominate the Reverend D^r. B.M. Palmer to preach the Opening Sermon. I agreed to the plan at once & on going to church, Reverend D^r. Jonathan N. Waddel, in a very complimentary manner nominated me to preside in Organizing the Assembly. He put it to vote & it was unanimous. I then took the Chair & after a few words nominated D^r. Palmer & he was appointed unanimously. He preached what would be called an intellectual discourse, but too studiedly Ornate for my taste.

I then Organized the Assembly with prayer & continued to preside till Moderator & Clerks were chosen.

5. Thurs.

Clear, Frost. I was appointed Chairman of the Committee of Bills & Overtures; a most important trust. I attended closely to the business of the Assembly & my Committee. I am sorry we cannot have Worship in

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Judge Warren's family; & indeed we have almost no intercourse but at meals. Their hospitality is all I could wish.

Dec. 6. Fri.

Clear & warmer. I coughed very much last night. Attended diligently to the duties of the Assembly.

7. Sat.

Mild & pleasant. Engaged as yesterday. During a debate I rose to speak & had the floor clearly-but Reverend Peyton Harrison rose after me & went on in his loud manner, regardless of me-I stood till he was done & then said My brother Harrison goes on without noticing any one. This produced a smile. But after the Assembly adjourned he came by where I was, & said I had publicly insulted him, & he was not going to suffer it; & that he was aware of my course towards him heretofore. I said, why what does this mean Brother H. I intended no insult, but this is your habit in the Judicatories to begin & go on, no matter who has the floor. He denied it. (D^r. Ramsey & D^r. William Brown sustain me in this.) I said I never in all my life intentionally wounded the feelings of any brother. Well, he said you have wounded mine. I said I must have an explanation of this.

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He said I will give it some time. We then parted. I related the matter to D^r. Ramsey, who expressed wonder that offense should have been taken.

In the evening I went to consult D^r. Brown. When I had finished my statement of the affair to him, M^r Harrison came into his room on an errand. I insisted that he should sit down, & he did so after some hesitation. I then with much feeling, protested that I had no intention of wounding his feelings, & then asked him what he referred to in my former conduct toward him. He said it was a letter I had written to the Board of Education, when he was talked of to succeed D^r. Van Rensselaer, that it had been industriously circulated, & that although he did not want the office, the letter had defeated his election. That I had represented him as old=66 when he was only 59 & that he was feeble. He had not seen the letter, but understood that I had spoken of him kindly which he regarded as so much the worse. I said I had very much forgotten the contents of my letter, but it was written conscientiously. I thought he was then unable to preach which I

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regarded as a serious disqualification for the office. He said he was able to preach at that time. I said, if he wished it, I would incidentally bring the matter up in the Assembly & explain. He said, No, he did not wish it-that he was satisfied; & so the matter ended.

It is painful to me to think that he has been entertaining those feelings towards me in regard to that letter, altogether undeserved & yet meeting me everywhere just as formerly. He is a man to whom I have never had an unkind feeling, but the sincerest friendship. Whom can I confide in?

Dec. 8. Sab.

Day very mild & pleasant. I feel badly early in the morning. I heard D^r. Palmer preach a good Sermon, on Ephesians 4:30. And praise not the Holy Spirit etc.

9. Mon.

Attending the Assembly & Committee Dined at Samuel Clark's. In the evening attended a meeting of the Assembly in behalf of Foreign Missions-Reverend Messrs Lockridge, Wright (Chacktaw) & Williams delivered addresses.

10. Tu.

Warm. Sitting with open windows. Engaged as yesterday. Dined with M^r Shear. An evening meeting of the Assembly about

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Evangelical Labors for the Colored people. Reverend D^r C.C. Jones made an excellent address.

Dec. 11. Wed.

Since the 5^th the weather has been unusually mild. This evening the wind East. D^r. Lacy dined with us.

12. Thurs.

Clear & cool. The intelligence reached us of the burning of a large portion of the City of Charleston last night. Attended to business. Dined with my Old Friend Reverend D^r. S.S. Davis. He is the only man I saw here 40 years ago that I have now met with. He lives on the Sand Hills, 3 miles from the City. His family consists of his wife & daughter, his sister in law Miss Cummins & a M^rs Smith.

13. Fri.

Clear & colder. Rested better last night. Attended to business as usual. No afternoon or evening Sessions.

A meeting of the Citizens today for the relief of the sufferers by the fire in Charleston, & $6,300 were subscribed. Our Assembly subscribed $231, additional.

14. Sat.

Clear & cool. The Assembly had their sessions Saturday late. Dined at D^r. Walkers.

15. Sab.

Clear & cool, great irritation in my back. I was urged to preach this morning in the Presbyterian church but declined. Reverend S.R. Houston preached & D^r. Leland & D^r. Pratt administered the Lord's Supper. Heard an interesting address on Indian Missions by Reverend D^r. Kingsbury, missionary to the Chocktaws.

Decr. 16. Mon.

The Assembly held three sessions today & pressed business to completion. We had devotional Services at the close & I offered the last prayer, except the adjourning prayer by the Moderator.

Thus terminated this assembly remarkable for the harmony & good Spirit that prevailed. The God of love & peace was certainly with us. Spent the night at the Southern States Hotel.

17. Tues.

Left Augusta at 7 a.m. & arrived at Columbia, 130 miles, at 4 p.m. Spent the night at the Congaree House.

18. Wed.

Clear. Left Columbia at 8 a.m. & reached Charlotte NorthCarolina 110 miles at 3 1/2 p.m. Left Charlotte at 7 1/2 p.m. & reached Raleigh, 170 miles at 5 a.m. A beautiful moon-light night.

19. Thurs.

Clear. [illeg.] at Franklinton 27 miles from Raleigh. By Weldon to Petersburg at 4 p.m. & Richmond at dark. Spent the night pleasantly at D^r. Hoge's.

20.

Left Richmond at 7.30' a.m. & arrived at Staunton at 4 p.m. Got a seat in M^r Treseys buggy to Mint Spring & there met my son Francis & reached home about 7 p.m. Blessed be God.

I found my dear son Robert at home prostrated with Typhoid Fever. He has been down & very ill for some time-was brought in a common wagon to Staunton on Wednesday.

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This morning Francis & Mary brought him home in a Spring wagon. He is very weak, unable to raise himself up in bed.

Francis has been at home since the 6^th instant suffering much from time to time with Neuralgia in his head & whole right side.

Dec. 21. Sat.

I feel much fatigue. A messenger came with the tiding of the death of M^rs Matilda Sproul & the request that I should preach at her funeral tomorrow. D^r. Tate comes to see Robert-he is somewhat better today.

22. Sab.

I preached at Sprouls. Reverend H. Brown preached at Bethel. I returned fatigued.

23. Mon.

Robert is, we think a little better. I am so wearied that I can do nothing.

24. Tues.

The D^r. came to see Robert who is some improving. A letter from sister Roxa to say James has been in a hard battle but escaped unhurt. Blessed be God. I still feel very languid.

25. Wed.

CHRISTMAS. Thanks be to God for his mercies to us all. Robert is suffering but little. The same is true of Francis; the Others are well. M^rs Gilkeson dined with us.

26. Thurs.

Day mild. Robert did not rest well, but no worse. M^r M^cPheeters & Jerusha here. Tonight Robert suffered much with pain in his bowels. Poultices of warm mush relieved him.

27. Fri.

I am not well; Robert perhaps a little better. M^r James Henderson spent the day here.

Dec. 28. Sat.

Cold. Studying. D^r. Hall here. Robert I think is better. Andrew Bratton here.

29. Sab.

Pleasant. Pretty good Congregation I preached about the events of the last year.

30. Mon.

At home. Robert still better. Liz Very unwell. Joe Fix working here.

31. Tues.

I am not well enough to go from home. Robert not so well. Liz. better. M^r Gilkeson M^r Stover & D^r. Tate here.

This night terminates the year 1861. Blessed be God mercies have abounded through the year. But it has also been a year of great affliction. My sons all in the army & all have been sick & in danger. James is now well, & in General T.J. Jackson's army, encamped at Winchester.

Robert has been ill for a month with Typhoid Fever-is somewhat better but not yet able to sit up even in bed. But I trust, by the blessings of God, he will recover. It was a great mercy he got home, & that Francis got home to help nurse him.

Francis is at home on sick furlough. Is better however & will return to the army shortly. My blessed wife enjoys fine health. Mary & her children are also well.

I am becoming more & more infirm. I am now threatened with that troublesome eruption Psoriasis.

1862

January, 1862

1862. January 1. Wednesday

Uncommonly warm, but the wind very high. I am quite unwell. Too weak to ride out. Robert better. Francis and Mary went to M^r Bumgarner's.

2. Thurs.

I am still unwell. Francis had a distressing attack of Neuralgia. Sat up all night & is utterly prostrated. [deleted: to] Robert improving slowly.

I went to the Post office. Paid the Miss Heydens for 10 yards of Jeans at $1.50 & 10 yards of Linsey at .75=$22.50

3. Fri.

I am better-all better but Frank & Rhoda who were taken sick last night. Colds I suppose-day threatening.

4. Sat.

Trying to study, but not well.

5. Sab.

Very cold. My daughter has sore throat & Frank has a red rash. I suppose both their cases partake of the nature of Diphtheria.

I went to church on horseback. The roads covered with a sheet of hard ice-dangerous riding. Few hearers-20 to 25. I was very cold coming home.

6. Mon.

Ground white with snow. D^r. Tate came to see the Sick. Rhoda quite unwell. Mary worse. Frank perhaps a little better.

7. Tues.

Family a little better. I went to Greenville on horseback to return property subject to the Confederate States War Tax. Dined at D^r. Tate's. Had all my horses rough Shod all round. Called on M^rs Graham, M^rs Jackson & M^rs James Hays. D^r. Tate here.

Jany. 8. Wed.

At 6 a.m. Francis set off for Richmond-Jefferson took him to Staunton. I wrote by him to D^r. Brown & enclosed $35. for the Central Presbyterian from subscribers in advance-no names sent.

9. Thurs.

Mary Lou has Scarlet Fever. Others better. M^rs M^cFarland & I went to M^rs Mary E. Wallace's & at 2 O'clock p.m. I married her to M^r William W. King, & received a fee of $20. Returned home. Day very fine.

10. Fri.

This a very warm day for the Season. All better but Mary Lou. Robert sat at the table at dinner-the first time since he was taken sick. Francis returned.

11. Sat.

Day pleasant. Studying. All still better

12. Sab.

Marvelously warm for the season. Francis sick. M^rs McFarland & I alone went to Bethel. A good & attentive Congregation

13. Mon.

Rode to Joseph Smith's-not at home. D^r. Tate here. Rode to James Hall's & paid him for Rhoda's hire $30. & for Moses' work 27 days $13.50. Day cold, Thermometer fell all day.

14. Tu.

We are all better, but Mary Lou is suffering from itching of the eruption of the scarlet fever. It began to snow early in the night & snowed moderately-about 3 inches deep this morning. Very little snow fell through the day. Letters form James, Roxa Bent & D^r. Humphreys all well. James gives an account of their winter campaign to Bath in Morgan County It was hard service.

15. Wed.

Half an inch of small hail last night. This morning sleet. Then Rain & it began to clear off in

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the afternoon. Mary Lou better. Robert can walk through the house-has a most craving appetite. I am preparing the Minutes of Synod for the press.

Jan. 16. Thurs.

Writing. In the afternoon visited the family of Alexander Gardner who have lost two children with Diphtheria & M^rs Gardner & their oldest daughter Margaret are now confined to bed with it but better. Went to Joseph Smith's paid him $110. by Check in full for Jeff's hire for last year, & $3.50 for a pair of shoes he bought for him. Gave him a new note for $110 for this year's hire.

17. Fri.

Reading & studying.

18. Sat.

Day mild. Rain. Studying.

19. Sab.

Day warm & damp & a little showery. M^rs McFarland & I went to Bethel-a small Congregation Preached.

20. Mon.

Not well; feeble. Two very heavy thunder-showers. Killed a Beef Cow-William Silars assisting. The Beef weighed 550 pounds

21. Tues.

The wind Northeast & moderate rain all day.

22. Wed.

Cool & damp. Reading & Writing.

On the 20 remitted by Check to D^r. William Brown $27. This with $35. sent by Francis on the 8^th instant is in full for 31 copies of the Central Presbyterian.

23. Thurs.

Finished preparing Minutes of Synod for the press.

24. Frid.

About 10 A.M. it began to snow with a furious driving Northeast wind. Continued all day. With great difficulty I could keep warm in my study. Preparing the Minutes for Mailing & wrote to D^r Brown.

Jan. 25. Sat.

Sent the Minutes to the PostOffice by Frank. Studying a little. Sent the Shoemaker Murkly 8 bushels of ears of Corn at .75 per Bushel for double Bushel. About 4 P.M. unexpectedly James arrived to the great joy of us all after an absence of over 9 months. He is on sick furlough, but is better since he left Romney. Blessed be God for his mercies to us all.

26. Sab.

Colder. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation.

27. Mon.

Working & reading.

28. Tu.

Reading & studying. A messenger came for me to preach tomorrow at the funeral of D^r. Tates son John, aged 3 years who died of Diphtheria.

29. W.

Left home at 8 a.m. Preached at M^rs M.M. Tate where the child died, to a goodly number. The Parents greatly distressed. Dined at M^r Humphreys. Roads very bad. I on horseback. Came home quite fatigued. Day very mild.

30. Thurs.

Rained much in the night & this morning. Reading & studying.

31. Fr.

Studying etc. Very gloomy day.

February, 1862

Feb. 1. Sat.

Studying.

2. Sab.

Last night, before 11 O'clock, I awoke with a chill, which continued nearly all night with headache & pain in my back. I could not rise this morning-in bed all day-headache continued. Could not preach at the Funeral of Andy M^cClure's child which was burned to death.

Feb. 3. Mon.

It began to snow in the night, & in the morning snowed very fast till near noon when it ceased-about 8 inches deep. I rose after 9 O'clock, took some Physic & am better but feel very weak.

Francis left us today having been here since December 6^th. James went with him to Staunton. He has an offer of the place of Reporter for the Richmond Examiner at $15. per week.

4. Tu.

Day clear & pleasant but cool & roads almost impassable. Reading & working.

5. Wed.

Reading & working. M^r Pilson came to see me & stayed several hours. We had a number of hands to husk corn in the Barn-did not finish.

6. Thurs.

It began to rain in the night & continued heavily till near noon. Sent a letter to the Office of Major General T.J. Jackson deploring his resignation etc. received a letter from Sister Roxa giving an account of General Jackson's resignation & the cause.

7. Fri.

Took leather to Lowry to make shoes for the black women. Visited Sally Ann M^cCaden, Gardner's family & William Wilson. Evening threatening.

8. Sat.

Snow covered the ground this morning. Preparing for the Sabbath.

9. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation Roads bad.

10. Mon.

Cold. Preached to a large Congregation at Thomas A. Lightner's at the Funeral of John Lightner, Son of Jacob, a member of the College Company, who died in the hospital in Winchester of Typhoid Pneumonia. Body here.

Feb. 11. Tues.

Doing little but reading. Snowed in the afternoon.

12. Wed.

Visited Sally Ann M^cCadden & communicated to her the solemn intelligence that in the opinion of D^r. churchman, she would not recover. She received it calmly. Called at M^r Gardner's & Colonel Wilson.

13. Thurs.

A very pleasant day. Reading & working.

14. Fri.

Threatening. James left us to return to camp near Winchester at 6 a.m. to take the Cars at Staunton by the way of Manassas. He is not well-has a very bad cold & cough, is not fit to go into camp. I am reading & studying.

15. Sat.

A little snow fell in the night, but in the morning it fell fast & continued till 1 p.m. about 5 inches fell. Reading & studying.

16. Sab.

Cold. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation for the day & the state of the roads.

17. Mon.

A gloomy day. In the forenoon it rained moderately & froze. Reading.

18. Tu.

Reading Writing & Working.

Robert & Mary visiting. Day pleasant.

A letter from Francis-he has commenced Reporting for the "Examiner" in Richmond, the 10^th. Sent a letter to the office for D^r. William Brown & containing a Check for $10.50 Ten dollars from M^rs Angelina Mish to pay two years arrears for the "Church Presbyterian" & for this year & $3. to send Papers to the Soldiers of Captain Humphrey's & Captain Lilley's Companies.

Feb. 19. Wed.

It began to rain in the night & continued all day with very little abatement. Very gloomy. Working.

20. Thurs.

I set out early for Staunton to attend a pro re nata meeting of the Presbytery to dissolve the Pastoral relation between Reverend Samuel Brown & the church of Windy Cove, which was done. I dined at M^r Baker's & attended to some business. Letters received from Francis & James. James still unwell, has permission to stay a few days at his uncle's.

21. Fri.

Reading & Studying.

22. Sat.

Rained moderately all day & in the evening very heavily. The Miss Wilsons & Miss Mary Pringle spent the day here. I was studying. Letters from James & Roxa.

23. Sab.

Not well last night. Day mild. Preached at Bethel to a tolerable Congregation.

24. Mon.

The night had been warm & the morning was mild, but the wind sprung up from the West & was very high. It blew down much of my fence. I was reading & working.

25. Tues.

Cold. Went to the Post Office & visited Sally Anne M^cCadden, who is very low. Called at Colonel Wilson's & M^r Gilkeson's.

26. Wed.

Began to plow for Corn in the Northwest or Hill field. About 2 P.M. it began to rain & continued all the the afternoon. Sent Jefferson in search of D^r. Tate for Robert who is suffering grievously with Piles has a good deal of Fever etc. I was reading & working.

Feb. 27. Thurs.

Brought home 4 Bushels of Flour & paid M^r Gilkeson one borrowed of him. I was preparing for the Fast day.

28. Fri.

This day was appointed by President Davis as a day of Humiliation, Fasting & Prayer; & although very cold, we had a very large & solemn Congregation which I regard as very encouraging.

March, 1862

March 1. Sat.

Studying.

2. Sab.

Snowed a little last night. This morning Rained & then turned to sleet & hail with vivid lightening & heavy thunder while hailing. Then the wind turned West & it ceased.

It was so stormy I did not go to Bethel. Calvin Swink came to inform me of the death of Sallie Ann M^cCadden.

3. Mon.

Thick fog, then Rain all the afternoon & froze much on the Trees. I preached at the Funeral of Sallie Ann M^cCadden on Job. 14:20. the same text from which I had preached at the funeral of her mother 36 years ago. Came home in the rain. Found Reverend E.D. Junkin in my house-he spent the night with us. High West wind at night.

4. Tu.

Everything covered with ice. The day cold. I am very dull; engaged in reading.

5. Wed.

Working a little & reading. Wrote to Reverend James Morrison.

6. Thurs.

Called at M^r Gilkesons & went to the Post Office. Unfavorable Rumors of wars. Working.

March 7. Fri.

Very cold. Last night I suffered from a stitch (a sharp pain) in my right breast, but today am pretty well but very chilly & dull. Reading.

8. Sat.

Day pleasant. Received letters from Francis from D^r. William Brown & Wife. Also one from James, who has re-enlisted for three years or during the war. This is to me a painful necessity, as I shall have no one to aid me in my Farming. I cannot attend to it as it ought to be, but the will of the Lord be done. May God preserve his soul & body & may I live to see him at home again free from the alarms of war.

9. Sab.

Day pleasant. Preached at Bethel to a good & very attentive Congregation.

10. Mon.

Mild & Showery. Plowing. D^r. Tate came to see Robert. I was fixing my saddle etc. Wrote to James.

11. Tu.

Rode down to M^r Gilkesons. Dined at M^r James Henderson's. Setting my saws.

12. Wed.

Went to Greenville. The people in great trouble about the Militia all being called out. Paid my store Bills & M^r Lightner's Account for Smith-work etc. Settled with M^r William Smith & paid him in full. Bought a Quarter of sole Leather, 11 1/2 lbs at 50 cents per lb. Paid.

13. Thurs.

Rain from Northeast Working, Reading & studying.

14. Fri.

Gloomy-thick fog. Studying. Robert went to Staunton. This the day for 3 Regiments of Militia to rendevous in Staunton, to reinforce General T.J. Jackson, who has fallen back from Winchester.

March 15. Sat.

A very thick fog this morning & continued more or less through the day. Also much rain fell. I was studying. It seems there has been no mail from Richmond for several days. The Cars doubtless employed about the Army. Conflicts must be near, but all our armies in Virginia are falling back, it seems.

16. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation. A number of volunteers & Militia men present, who go immediately to join the Army. I pressed the importance of fervent importunate prayer. Luke 18:1-8.

17. Mon.

Day tolerably pleasant. Robert & I were making a Corncrib in the Barn. Fatigued. received a letter from James. The Army was on the 13^th 2 1/2 miles below Strasburg, but would probably move the next day, falling back. The Union troops had taken possession of Winchester & advanced to Newtown.

18. Tus.

Rode to the Post Office Dined at M^r Christian's. Emaline Sproul has been very ill with Pneumonia but is better, able to be up. Called at M^r Pilson's & M^r Blackwood's & went to Adam Hawpe's to see Jeffery, who is likely to not live long. Came home late.

19. Wed.

At home, reading & working. Day threatening. About 5 p.m. began to rain.

20. Thurs.

Day very damp & uncomfortable. I went to the Post Office & to the sale of S. M^cCadden's property. A letter from Francis & Reverend F.H. Bowman. Rained very heavily at night, & then hail, thunder & lightening. A true Equinoctial.

March 21. Fri.

This morning snowing 1 1/2 inches. The day somewhat Cloudy. I was reading & studying.

22. Sat.

About one inch of fresh snow on the ground. Engaged in Study. Sally & Lovey Gilkeson here.

23. Sab.

Day uncomfortably cold. Preached at Bethel. The men so generally gone, Congregation small. Heard that General Johnston had achieved a great victory near Luray lost 180 killed & took 6000 prisoners! Can it be so?

24. Mon.

A chilly gloomy day. Reading.

25. Tues.

Day cold. Went to the Post Office called at M^cCaddens & at Squire Blackwood's. Went to Greenville. I learn there was no foundation whatever for the reported victory. But General T.J. Jackson had a battle on last Sabbath 3 miles below Newton & was repulsed by a vastly superior force & it is said with considerable loss. John Wilson & Robert Grass of Captain Newton's Company killed. I trust in God my dear son James is safe.

26. Wed.

I caught cold yesterday, & suffered much with a "stitch" in my side last night. Did not rise today till near noon. I am not very well today.

27. Thurs.

I am pretty well. Went to Staunton in my Buggy. Roads horribly bad. Went to the hospital-saw a man who saw James on Monday. He is safe-thanks to God. Rode to Augusta church & lodged with Reverend F.H. Bowman.

28. Fri.

Preached to a small Congregation. Good attention.

29. Sat.

Day very damp & unpleasant. I preached to a better Congregation & Baptized M^r Bowman's first born Son William Francis. I had baptized the Father.

March 30. Sab.

The day Chilly & damp; the trees loaded with ice. Rained much last night. I preached & aided in administering the Lord's Supper. A pretty good Congregation for the day & roads. I have caught some cold.

31. Mon.

Day clear & warm. Came to Staunton & spent several hours there. Dined at M^r Davis Kayser, with D^r. White a Refugee from near Wheeling & M^r Echols, whose brother Colonel Echols is here wounded-his arm broken. I saw D^r. M^cGuire who informed me that a man from Newton told him as I understood, that he had helped to bury our dead, & there were 82. M^r Baker, the Clerk at the Hospital, told me there were 148 wounded on their books. I came home.

April, 1862

April. 1. Tu.

Day threatening. Wrote to Reverend D^r. William Brown & enclosed a letter to William Francis Clemmitt & a Check to his Order for $55.00 for Printing the Minutes of Synod.

2. Wed.

Reading & mending a plow.

3. Thurs.

Very warm & pleasant day. Went to M^r Halls to get Mose to work for me occasionally. Went to Greenville. D^r. Tate gave me $70. sent by my son James to keep for him. Visited Alexander Brownlee's family & especially his daughter Margaret whose husband John W. Wilson was killed in the battle near Winchester. Visited also Issabella Doak, James Hays & Samuel Hays.

April 4. Fr.

Had a Chill last night & did not rise today till near 10 O'clock. Quite unwell. Could not study. Reading. Molly Bumgarner here.

5. Sat.

Rained in the night & this morning. I am reading & studying:-am better today.

6. Sab.

Day pleasant-good Congregation Preached with more liberty than usual-thanks be to God. There was very solemn attention. Collection-Publication.

7. Mon.

Cloudy. About 9 a.m. it began to Snow from the Northeast & about 2 1/2 inches fell when it began to rain. I was preparing the Minutes of Synod for mailing.

8. Tues.

It rained moderately in the night & all day today & sometimes heavily & it froze very much in Icicles on the trees. It was one of the most gloomy days I have seen. I was reading & studying.

9. Wed.

This day is even more gloomy & uncomfortable than yesterday. There has been hail & snow more or less falling nearly all day, & the ice on the trees increasing & some are breaking. I have felt very dull-doing little.

10. Thurs.

Morning gloomy, but cleared & the ice fell off the trees. I went to the Post Office & Mailed 200 copies of the Minutes of Synod. Called to see William Wilson.

11. Fri.

Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation M^r Bowman disappointed me. M^r Bowman came & spent the night with us.

12. Sat.

M^r Bowman preached well to a good Congregation & returned with us. received M^rs Martha Jerusha Wilson on Examination wife of James Wilson.

April 13. Sab.

The Lord's Supper was administered & the season was on the whole pleasant. M^r Bowman preached well. There was a good congregation [deleted: was a good num] & there was good attention. M^r. Bowman again with us.

14. Mon.

M^r Bowman left us. I was preparing for Presbytery. M^r Pilson called took supper.

15. Tues.

Rained till noon. At 2.15' set out for Presbytery. Roads horrible. I stopped in Staunton & gave M^r Taylor (merchant) $200. to deposit for me in the Valley Bank. Also paid M^r Kayser's Clerk, N. Conway, $53 for the Committee of Publication. Rode in the rain to Colonel William A. Bell's & spent the night there, 5 miles from Staunton.

16. Wed.

Colonel Bell accompanied me to Union church 5 miles. Reverend E.D. Junkin preached the opening Sermon for M^r Walker the Pastor, who was the last Moderator I spent the night at D^r. Hendren's.

17. Thurs.

Day warm & pleasant-attended Presbytery. Reverend Richard M^cIlwain preached a good Sermon. He is the Chaplain of the 44 Regiment Virginia Volunteers, Colonel Scott. I returned to D^r. Hendren's.

18. Fri.

day pleasant. M^r Walker preached the Missionary Sermon. Held an hour of Devotional Services I made an address & D^r. White also, & I made the closing prayer at the adjournment about 2 1/2 P.M. I returned to D^r. Hendren's. Rain.

19. Sab.

I preached at the church. Text, Revelations 22:17. Intelligence came that General T.J. Jackson had had fallen back beyond Harrisonburg & the enemy is advancing

[page 190]
and that General Johnston was ordered to fall back from Shenandoah mountain. This is producing great uneasiness. They are removing the sick from hospitals both at Stribbling's Springs & Staunton to some place East of the Blue Ridge. I rode in a very heavy rain to M^r Hanger's & dined there, & then [deleted: then] rode to Colonel Bell's. I found them sending off their two sons, John & William & two Negro men for safety to Nelson or Amherst. I spent the night there. They seem in great affliction. Mrs Bell gave me 8 pounds of crushed S[deleted: h]ugar, cost 28cents per pound

20 April, Sab.

Rained all night, & all day today with occasional abatement. I deemed it my duty to go directly home & the roads being worse I think than I ever saw them, I came across by Hebron church. Reached home about noon. Saw a number of the men of Johnston's army, now in command of Colonel Baldwin. The head of the Column is at Buffalo Gap. I am fatigued.

21. Mon.

It rained all night & is still raining heavily. It is necessary for Robert to leave home to get out of the reach of the Enemy, though he is not yet fit for service. I sent Jefferson with him to Staunton this morning. Johnston's Army is at Valley Mills. Rained all day.

22. Tues.

No rain of consequence today. No mail. Brought home the last of my flour. I have now 20 Barrels. Reading & working.

23. Wed.

Visited M^r Gilkeson's & Colonel Wilson's. Rumors that the Yankees are at Buffalo Gap, & that Johnston has orders to fall back farther.

24. Thurs.

It snowed or rained all the afternoon.

April 24. Thurs. continued.

M^r M^cPheeters was in Staunton & heard that Robert said he was going to Charlottesville-heard that General Jackson has received from 7 to 11 thousand men of a reinforcement.(?) Johnston's army remains as yesterday.

25. Fri.

Very gloomy. I am Studying. Hear that Johnston's army remains near West View.

26. Sat.

Gloomy morning. Studying. Cleared off.

27. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation. I labored to show Christians that they might enjoy Peace of mind even in the midst of war.

28. Mon.

Reading & working. Day very pleasant.

29. Tues.

M^r Merritt came here early & we rode together to Westview where General Edward Johns[deleted: t]on's army is encamped. It rained on us nearly all the way there, then cleared off. I dined very pleasantly with Colonel Baldwin & M^rs Baldwin Major Ross B. Christian & called on Reverend Captain Miller, Captain Humphreys, Captain Robert & John Lilley, Ajutout Steptoe & Reverend Richard M^c Ilwaine. Called to see Thompson M^cClure. The Provost Marshall, Major J.S. Hoffman. Came home.

It is reported that New Orleans is in the hands of the enemy. I am encouraged to believe that we will not be here subjected to the Yankee troops as soon as I had feared.

30.

Day unpleasant & wet. Reading & working.

May, 1862

May 1. Thurs.

Rain. Gloomy. I am very dull, not well. A letter from William L. Bent.

May 2. Fri.

Day very pleasant. I am well. I went to Greenville. Dined at William Smith's. Went to see Mary Pilson, who is very weak, but some better. Called to see General Carson & his wife & sister in law, Miss [blank space]. They have recently lost an interesting Child.

Saw the Cadets from Lexington over 200 going to join General Jackson's army who are now about to attack Bank's army, it is said.

3. Sat.

Studying. received a letter from D^r. Humphreys. Date April 16^th from the Army of Corinth. He is surgeon of the 20^th Regiment Tennessee Volunteers. Thinks there is 150,000 men there.

4. Sab.

Preached to a good & attentive Congregation Robert came home & to church, is not well.

5. Mon.

I am not well-ate my breakfast in bed. Robert has sore throat is threatened with Diphtheria. Went to Staunton to put himself in D^r. Waddell's care. To my perfect astonishment, General Jackson's Army is passing through Staunton towards Buffalo Gap. I know not what it means.

6. Tues.

Went to Staunton to see my sons. Robert is quite unwell-he has quinsey-is gargling with a solution of Sal Ammoniac. D^r. Waddell thinks he will be well in a few days. Saw the 5^th Regiment coming in & met James at the Depot. He is very well & looks fat & hearty. I visited him at his Camp & he went with me to see Robert. Dined at Reverend M^r Bakers, with Reverend D^r. R.L. Dabney, now Adjutant General to Major General Jackson,

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but on the Sabbath having the privilege of preaching. I was exceedingly gratified with the interview. I also met there Reverend A.B. Carrington & Reverend Paul C. Morton the latter chaplain to the 23 Regiment & the former to the 37. I met with many friends & acquaintances. Spent a pleasant day. But I cannot comprehend General Jackson's movement, unless it be to surprise the army west of us.

I called on General Jackson twice at his head quarters at the Virginia Hotel, & he received me very kindly.

7. Wed.

I am not very well. Doing little. We are planting Corn in the hill field.

8. Thurs.

Finished planting corn. Planting potatoes in the garden. M^r Adam Swink came for me to preach at the funeral of a Child of Harvey Lambert, a boy about 13 years died of Diphtheria. There is a report that General Johnson had a battle with federal troops west of us yesterday, & that he drove them beyond their encampment. It is also reported that there has been some hard fighting on the Peninsula.

9. Fri.

Day the warmest for six months. I went & preached at Harvey Lambert's at the Funeral of his son Cyrus aged 12+ yrs. Heard that General Edward Johnson's army had a hard fight with the enemy yesterday at M^cDowell & repulsed them. Our loss 300 in killed & wounded. General Johnson wounded in the ankle & Colonel Harman in the arm. My family heard the cannon.

10. Sat.

Studying. I hear John Humphreys is wounded in the face. Has come to R.S. Wallaces today.

May 11. Sab.

Preached at Bethel. Before Sermon I visited Lieutenant Robert Glasgow at M^r J. Bumgarner's very low with Typhoid Fever, & at the request of his mother prayed for him in church. He died at 5 O'clock p.m. I preached in Greenville to a very good Congregation then came home.

12. Mon.

Reading & studying. Plowing more ground for Oats.

13. Tues.

Studying. Reverend Henry Brown came & spent the night here-brought a letter from Robert-he is better.

14. Wed.

began to rain at sunrise & increased. It was a very fine rain. M^r Brown staid all day.

15. Thurs.

It rained but little last night or this morning. But rained in the Afternoon. M^r Brown left us.

16. Fri.

I think it rained all night. Rained in the morning & in the afternoon-but little going to Bethel & returning. This day was appointed by President Davis for special prayer in reference to the war. The Congregation was small on account of the weather. The prayers by the Elders were very appropriate.

17. Sat.

I went to Hebron & by appointment of Presbytery. Preach a Sermon & presided in the Installing Reverend Thomas L. Preston. Reverend M^r Richeson delivered the Charges to the Pastor & people. Congregation small.

18. Sab.

Morning very pleasant. Preached at Hebron, & assisted in administering the Lord's Supper. Stopped out of a shower & dined at William H. Bell's.

19. Mon.

Reading & working. Sowed more oats.

20. Tues.

Visited Captain John Humphreys, who is severely wounded in the mouth. D^r. Tate came to see Robert. finished sowing Oats.

May 21. Wed.

Warm. Went to see William Bumgarner, who came from the Army sick; also to see M^r Bell, son in law to John Brownlee, who has had Typhoid Pneumonia & is very unwell. Called to see William Wilson. Finished harrowing Oats.

22. Thurs.

Reading & working. Planting Potatoes.

23. Fri.

Studying. Finished planting potatoes.

24. Saturday

Rained moderately till near noon. Reading & Studying. No Newspapers this week.

25. Sab.

Frost in some places-none here. Preached at Bethel & at M^r J. M^cClung's to good Congregations Spent the night at M^r Wallace's.

26. Mon.

A little frost in some places. Captain Humphreys is much better. Visited M^rs Charlotte Tate, M^rs Patterson, at D.C. Gilkeson's, John Brownlee's, M^r Eckart's & Colonel Wilson's. Francis came home this morning. Reported that Jackson had retaken Winchester & many Prisoners.

27. Tuesday

Reading only. Day pleasant.

28. Wed.

Went to Staunton & made a number of calls & heard of the complete victory which God gave to General T.J. Jackson at Winchester & the immense quantity of Military stores taken at Martinsburg & it is said 2000 prisoners, or more.

29. Thurs.

Reading & working.

30. Fri.

Preached at the Funeral of Fannie Templeton daughter of Major Samuel M.T. A fine Shower. Hail.

May 31. Sat.

Day Foggy & gloomy. I feel very dull. I can study very little.

June, 1862

June 1. Sab.

Preached at Bethel & at Christian's Creek School House & then came home.

2. Mon.

I attended the Funeral of a M^r Anderson who was wounded at the battle of Kernstown. Reverend William Pinkerton preached. I visited M^r Brawford, who is very ill, but a little better; James Trotter has typhoid Fever saw also William Bumgarner & young M^r Quarles. A heavy rain.

3. Tu.

I Baptized two Children for M^rs Somers, who is a member of Rocky Spring church.

4. Wed.

It rained yesterday afternoon & I think nearly all night & very heavily today till late in the afternoon so as to produce a flood.

Intelligence reached us of hard fighting near Richmond both on Saturday & Sunday last, & on both days we were victorious. Glory to God.

5. Thurs.

Reading & working.

6. Fri.

Reading & studying. About 6 P.M. my son James arrived very unexpectedly. He has been sick & was off duty for some time, was several days in Winchester, & has been allowed to come home to recruit is health.

7. Sat.

Studying.

8. Sab.

Preached at Bethel & then went to Greenville, but a Methodist was preaching & I did not. Heard that General. Jackson was attacked at Port Republic this morning.

June 9. Mon.

About 8 a.m. heard the booming of cannon in the direction of Port Republic. I went to visit M^rs Abe Crist whom I found very ill. I then went to Staunton to hear the news. I heard that yesterday Ewell's command engaged Fremont's army & drove them back-our loss said to be 18 killed & 200 wounded. Today it is said that Jackson is fighting Shields, east of the Shenandoah River & below Port Republic. Dined with the Miss Braggs, M^rs Coleman & Dupey. Came home through a considerable rain.

10. Tues.

Raining. I am not well & on account of the rain could not go to preach at the funeral of William Smith's youngest child. Rained all day.

11. Wed.

I had a bad night with Asthma-the worst this year. Felt oppressed in the afternoon; went to bed but got up before 11 & sat till day. Not well today. Working & reading. I hear today that on Monday General Jackson drove General Shields several miles & took 300 prisoners, several pieces of Cannon.

12. Thurs.

I had another bad night with Asthma. So feeble today I cannot set out for New Providence.

13. Fri.

Had Asthma last night. Set off early for New Providence & without stopping arrived in season. Reverend R.C. Walker preached-I prayed. Went to visit my valued Friend Reverend J. Morrison, who is very feeble & declining. My visit seemed to be exceedingly grateful to him. I also enjoyed it as the revival of a very trusted & fine friendship.

June 14. Sat.

I spent a wretched night with Asthma I preached at the church to a good & attentive Congregation. Spent the night at the Reverend M^r Junkin's.

15. Sab.

I rested better; slept in bed all night. This morning I am quite unwell, but after breakfast better. I preached to a Very large & solemn Congregation & aided in administering the Lord's Supper. M^r Morrison was at church both yesterday & today but yesterday just after I read the first Hymn, he was seized with one of his Epileptic fits & was carried out. After preaching I came home, much fatigued.

16. Mon.

I slept pretty well except that cramp in my legs roused me frequently. I feel fatigued & feeble.

17. Tues.

Rested badly-quite unwell. Set out to visit M^rs Trotter, but learned that she died last night & was to be buried today at 3 p.m. & no sermon to be preached on account of the sickness of the son & daughter. I called at James Wilson's & went to see Colonel Wilson's son William

18. Wed.

I am better. Reading. Wrote to D^r. Dabney.

19. Thurs.

Unwell. James left home for the Army. Francis took him in the Rockaway. I visited the Trotters-James & Emma quite unwell. Called at M^r Bumgarner's & Halls. Our Army has crossed the Blue Ridge.

20. Fri.

Reading & studying-not well. Francis returned. He found the army 7 miles this side of Charlottesville & left James-they marched at 4 a.m. towards Charlottesville.

21. Sat.

Studying. Robert & Mary went to Staunton.

June 22. Sab.

I am very unwell, yet went to Bethel & preached to a good Congregation.

23. Mon.

I am better. I called to see General & M^rs Carson & M^r Atkinson. Robert went to the variety Springs-Francis went with him to bring back the horse.

24. Tues.

I still feel very languid. Working & reading. Mowing the meadow in front of the house. Mose & a Refugee M^r Wood assisting. Francis Returned.

25. Wed.

Francis went to the Variety Springs. I went to engage M^r Henderson to cut my wheat with his Reaper. General Carson & his wife spent the day here.

26. Thurs.

Still Mowing & making hay in the front meadow. I am Reading & working.

27. Fri.

Reverend John S. Watt, Miss Lizzie Pilson Miss Jennie Pringle & Joseph Wright spent the day here. Mowing the Lot North of the house.

28. Sat.

Raining a little this morning & a little more about noon. I am Reading & studying.

29. Sab.

Went to Bethel M^r Watt preached. In the afternoon I preached at Mint Spring, a Funeral discourse in consequence of the death of two children of Alexander Gardner in January last. Also I baptized two of M^r Gardners children.

30. Mon.

I preached at the Funeral of William Wilson son of Colonel William Wilson who died of Consumption. M^r Watt came home with us.

July, 1862

July 1. Tues.

M^r Watt left us, Francis went to Staunton to have Roberts furlough extended. The report by telegraph is that we are daily victorious below

[page 200]
Richmond, & the battle had now continued since last Wednesday=7 days. The cannonading has been terrible this afternoon. I have heard it distinctly in my study, doors & windows shut. And now while I write (7.20' p.m.) the reports are often more frequent than I write words. The wind is from the direction of Richmond & a dense atmosphere.

O, may God have mercy on our sinful bleeding country, & may he spare my dear son James, who I suppose is in the battle with General T.J. Jackson, & may God grant us a complete victory, that we may have peace.

Hauled in five loads of Hay. Mowed the lot North finished it.

July 2. Wed.

It began to rain moderately in the night & through the greater part of the day very heavily but no flood. Toward evening it ceased. At home reading. Feel very dull. A letter from James-he is safe-glory to God.

3. Thurs.

Mary & I set off early. Called to see M^rs Crist M^r Pilson's family, & then Preached at the funeral of M^r Archibald Christian's youngest child. Then went & preached at the funeral of the youngest child of Samuel Hays Jr. then went to Greenville & called to see Captain Moore, a wounded soldier. I called also to see M^r Trice who has had his arm dislocated. Came home much fatigued.

4. Frid.

Reading & working. Mowing, making & hauling in hay. Wonderful intelligence of victories near Richmond gained by our troops. Thanks be to God.

July 5. Sat.

Studying. I am suffering from hoarsenes since Thursday.

6. Sab.

I had a distressing night with Asthma. Did not rise till after 8 a.m. Very weak.

7. Mon.

I was so unwell this morning I was not able to go to preach at the Funeral of John Sproul, the oldest child of Archibald G. Christian. M^rs M^cFarland & Francis went. I could do nothing but read. Finished hauling in a fine crop of Hay.

8. Tues.

I am a little better, but very feeble. Francis went to bring Robert home but met him returning Heard through a friend that James is still safe. Began to cut Wheat.

9. Wed.

Cutting Wheat-after dinner M^r Henderson came with is Reaper & 4 hands. I feel very weak today, unable to sit up all the time. Received an interesting letter from James describing the horrible slaughter in the battles near Richmond. Blessed be to God, he is safe.

10. Thurs.

Spent an uncomfortable night, & am very weak. Sent for to see M^rs Abe Crist. Called at M^r Pilsons & Colonel Wilson's. Cutting grain as yesterday. It rained about noon & in the evening again.

11. Fri.

It rained a good deal in the night & heavily this morning; ceased about noon. I am still very unwell.

12. Sat.

I spent an uncomfortable night & did not rise till 1 p.m. M^r Henderson & his hands nearly finished cutting my wheat with cradles. Jefferson nearly finished. D^r Tate here.

July 13. Sab.

Still very unwell-could not go to Bethel & disappointed a good Congregation Did not rise till 3 p.m. Robert & Mary went to Bethel.

14. Mon.

I am somewhat better-rose about 7.30' a.m. Jefferson finished cutting wheat this morning in the afternoon he & liz. went to help M^r Wright.

15. Tues.

I am better. Began to haul in Wheat.

16. Wed.

Very warm. I continue better but weak. Francis helping to haul in Wheat. At 3 p.m. a very heavy shower, a little hail & high wind.

17. Thurs.

I had a bad night-coughed much. Am very weak today. Sent for, while in bed, to preach at the Funeral of Issabella Doak-could not go. Grain too wet to haul in. About 3 p.m. a shower.

18. Fri.

It rained heavily early last night. I feel badly this morning-very weak. The rain continued moderately a good part of the day. I was reading & studying as I could. I am better.

19. Sat.

I rested rather better last night. I am preparing for the Sabbath.

20. Sab.

I am very weak & unwell, but went to Bethel & preached in my usual manner for nearly an hour. I was more than I expected. I thank God for the strength to preach Christ, though it be in weakness.

21. Mon.

I am somewhat better. Day pleasant. Hauling in wheat.

22. Tues.

I am better than for two weeks past. Hauling in Wheat; Francis assisting. Robert is greatly afflicted with weakness in his limbs.

July 23. Wed.

The morning cloudy & threatening & about 1 p.m. it began to rain heavily. Before noon finished hauling in Wheat-about 370 Dozen large bind. I thank God that have got in, in good order, the largest crop in bulk I have ever had-filling the mow entirely & 60 Dozen on the Barn floor. A letter from James; on Sunday the 19 he was with the Army at Gordonsville & well.

24. Thurs.

Not so well. Preached at the Funeral of M^rs Abe Crist I trust a good woman. M^rs Susan A. Gardner (widow) came on a visit. Two hands plowing corn.

25. Fri.

not well. Studying a little.

26. Sat.

Still unwell-rest badly at night. I am trying to study.

27. Sab.

A worse night-feel very badly. Did not rise till after breakfast. Bowels disordered. Lay on the sofa till 10 a.m. then went to Bethel & preached an hour in a manner which astonished myself. Took a collection to aid the sick & wounded Soldiers. Came home greatly exhausted.

28. Mon.

M^rs M^cFarland sat with M^r John Rosen, who I fear will die. She & Francis went to Staunton today. I am a little better. M^r Rosen died this evening.

29. Tues.

I am more feeble today than I have been-Unable to go to M^r Rosen's funeral.

I have sold 108 Bushels of corn to Byers & Company at One dollar per bushel-they took it away. Also 60 Bushels of Oats at 60 cents & taken away.

July 30. Wed.

A little stronger. M^rs M^cFarland & I set out for Crawford's Springs-Dined at M^r William Dunlap's. Day warm. Reached Crawford's at 5.30' p.m. fatigued.

31. Thurs.

Cloudy & damp. Do not feel much better, but rested better last night.

August, 1862

August 1. Fri.

A little better. M^rs M^cFarland & I rode over to M^r David Kunkles & spent the day. M^rs Kunkle & I visited a M^r Moneymaker, a Soldier wounded at Port Republic, who I fear will die. Mary & Mary Lou & Francis came out. Asthma.

2. Sat.

I had a very restless & bad night. This morning Francis took his mother home. I am very feverish-pulse about 100.

Sab. 3.

I am very unwell & feeble. Could not go to Methodist preaching only half a mile off. Reverend William G. Campbell called & spent the night with me.

4. Mon.

I still spend restless & uncomfortable nights. So unwell I feel it my duty to go home. Dined at William Dunlaps. Letter from James, D^r. William Brown & a most admirable one from Major General Jackson.

5. Tues.

The day very warm. I believe I am more feeble today than heretofore-rested very badly last night.

6. Wed.

Had still a worse night & very feeble today. About 1 p.m. a very heavy rain. Frank Lewis went to join his mother.

August 7. Thurs.

Had a rather better night, but am very weak today. Have taken blue pill for two nights. Cutting Oats-greatly injured by the storm yesterday.

8. Fri.

Rested still better, but am very feeble. Sold 60 Bushels more of Oats.

9. Sat.

Did not rest well & am more unwell, as I think, than any day yet; took a blue pill last night. Can hardly read. Finished cutting Oats a poor crop. Francis went to Staunton.

10. Sab.

Had a bad night & feel very badly this morning. Did not rise till 8 a.m. Pulse 102 & about 100 all day. In great doubt I went to Bethel-prayed & preached 3/4 of an hour to my own astonishment. But then was excessively exhausted. Read General Jackson's letter from the pulpit before prayer.

11. Mon.

Rested rather better, & am somewhat better.

12. Tues.

Did not rest well. Rode in my Buggy to Samuel Hays. We hear that General Jackson's Army has had a battle on last Saturday with General Pope's & drove the enemy 5 miles taking a number of prisoners. John Hays was wounded in the hand not in battle. As far as I can learn James is safe, blessed be God.

13. Wed.

I am rather better. Rode to M^r Gilkeson's. Francis Gilkeson quite unwell with Quinsey. Wrote to D^r. William Brown.

14. Thurs.

Some better. Took Francis to Staunton on his way to Richmond. Drew Dividend on State stock $30. received payment for 108 Bushels Corn & 180 Bushels of Oats=$216. Dined at D^r. Waddell's.

August 15. Fri.

Fatigued. Reading.

16. Sat.

Studying, but still unwell.

17. Sab.

Rested badly. Breakfasted in bed. Put forth all my strength for an hour in preaching. Fatigued.

18. Mon.

Rested badly again & feel very unfit for any duty. Sold two Barrels of flour to M^rs Mater at $7.25. Transferred 10 Bushels to 20 Government Bags which I have sold to the Government at $7.25 per Bushel Went to visit M^r Trevey who has Typhoid Fever. Called to see the two M^rs Rosens.

19. Tues.

Rested badly. Went to Staunton & delivered the ten Bushels of Flour to Captain Henderson, Commissary, & received payment =$72.50. Got my watch cleaned & repaired(?) by Merrideth, charge $2 1/2 . Dined at Colonel Tate's. Called at M^r Bakers & at the hospital called on M^r Johnston.

20. Wed.

I am still quite unwell. Mary & her Children returned from Pond Gap.

21. Thurs.

Taking blue pill. I am very feeble.

22. Fri.

Still much Unwell. Studying a little. Two interesting letters from James-one written the day after the battle (10^th instant) but missent.

23. Sat.

A heavy shower last night. Plowing for wheat the last three days. I am a little better. Studying. Robert is improving.

24. Sab.

A little better. Preached at Bethel & with more strength than for some time past.

25. Mon.

Went to the Post Office-visited M^r Trevy, M^r Treu & Adam Hawpe. A letter from Francis-he is reporting for the Whig at $20 per week.

Aug. 26. Tues.

At home reading. P.M. visited M^rs Clayton-then M^r Fauber's at the Poorhouse.

27. Wed.

Went to Mint Spring, Blouth's Store & Greenville Dined at William Smith's. Attended at the Funeral of Old M^rs Rosen & heard M^r Shirey preach. Fatigued.

28. Thurs.

I feel much better. Reading. Plowing.

29. Fri.

Commencement of Communion Services. Reverend T.L. Preston Preached well. A good Congregation Mary & Frank went to Staunton. M^r Preston spent the night with us. A pleasant man.

30. Sat.

M^r Preston again preached a good sermon to a large Congregation

31. Sab.

Last night I was taken very unwell, my bowels very much disordered-fever & headache & it continued through the day. I had to remain in bed all day. All the family went to church but Jefferson This is a very mysterious providence; God grant that it may be blessed. M^r Preston had all the services to perform & learn, did well.

September, 1862

September 1. Mon.

Still unwell-bowels still disordered. Remained in bed. Showers.

2. Tues.

Spent a restless night Bowels still disordered. Sent for D^r. Tate. He came & prescribed only spirits of Turpentine. I am some better today.

3. Wed.

Rested badly. A little frost. William Bent came this morning. In the afternoon I was much more unwell.

Sept. 4. Thurs.

I spent a very feverish night. After breakfast felt better. Wrote in bed to General Jackson to get a furlough for George Rosen. Wrote to D^r. White & a paper for Presbytery

5. Fri.

Had a worse night than the last. Took Castor Oil which did well. I am better. William Bent left us. D^r. Tate came.

We learn that our James received a flesh-wound in the calf of his leg in the late battle & is in hospital near the scene of action.

6. Sat.

Still no better-more unwell in the afternoon. In the evening better. Robert went to Staunton expecting James but he did not come.

7. Sab.

Had a good night's rest & am better. The family went to Bethel. Reverend P. Curtis preached, & came & spent the night with us.

8. Mon.

Did not rest quite so well. In the morning comfortable-took a little chicken soup & rice & some bread broke in it & felt more unwell-fever & headache.

9. Tues.

I had a pretty good night, & a tolerably comfortable day. M^r Pilson came to see me. I hear our army is in Maryland. James I hear is in an Hospital at Aldie near Leesburg.

10. Wed.

I rested tolerably well. The Eruption is appearing on my legs & is troublesome. I rose & dressed about noon-very weak. Up till 4 p.m. not so well. We hear James is doing well.

Sept. 11. Thurs.

I rested pretty well last night & feel better today. There was a little drizzle of rain this morning, then clear. Cut Cloverseed, in the meadow. My poor neighbour James Hall was buried today.

12. Fr.

I am better today-rose at 9 a.m. & continued up all day. I have more strength.

A letter from James last night dated the 2d instant informs us of his wound & his situation. The ball still remains in his leg, alas. He is very desirous to get home, but there is no transportation from that place.

13. Sat.

There was a pleasant shower last night. I slept pretty well, & think am still improving. I rose about 9 a.m. & remained till 8 p.m.

14. Sab.

Rested rather better than usual. Rose before breakfast. Too weak to go to church-the family went. To our great surprize & delight M^r Merritt brought James (our son) out from Staunton, where he arrived last night in company with one of M^r Doyle's sons (Jack.) His wound seems to be doing well & he is in fine health.

There was no preaching today at Bethel.

15. Mon.

I think I am increasing in strength. I feel in hopes it may be found that the bullet is not in James' leg.

16. Tu.

I went to see M^rs Hall. She is better. I feel quite feeble. M^rs Donaghee & M^rs Gray came to see us. M^r Ladd took tea here. Reverend J.S. Blain & his son Francis came & spent the night with us.

17. Sept. Wed.

Improving slowly. Plowing.

18. Thurs.

Went to Bethel. This the day appointed by President Davis as a day of Thanksgiving to God for our recent victories. There was a good Congregation & Reverend Henry Brown preached an appropriate & impressive sermon from Psalm 126:3 "The Lord hath done great things for us whereof we are glad."

We also took a subscription for the Confederate States Bible Society amounting to $100.50 as a thank offering. M^r Brown came home with us & I sent him on to Staunton.

19. Fri.

M^rs Mish & Miss Matilda & Miss Blair came & dined with us.

20. Sat.

Studying & feel pretty well, thank God.

21. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation

22. Mon.

Took Robert to Staunton to enter on duty as a soldier. He has been at home nine months-appears to be perfectly well except that his limbs probably would not yet stand a march. I purchased at the Central Bank for Mary Lewis $800. in Confederate States 8 per cent Bonds to run till 1874. Also $500. of the same for myself.

There was a happy Capture of the Federal Army at Harper's Ferry, commanded by General White & containing 11000 men a vast quantity of arms & 2 millions in stores. Hard fighting on Wednesday last at Sharpsburg.

23. Tues.

Some Asthma-not well. Reading etc.

Sept. 24. Wed.

Had a bad night with Asthma, ate my breakfast in bed. Better through the day. Went to the Post Office. It rained moderately for some hours. The news for our cause is cheering.

25. Thurs.

M^rs Gilkeson & Lovey, two Miss Sprouls & Mary M^cPheeters spent the day here. I am pretty well. Clear & Very cool.

26. Fri.

The low ground white with frost. Mowing corn. Hauling in Cloverseed.

27. Sat.

Studying. Treading out seed Wheat. Robert came home sick-sore throat.

28. Sab.

The eruption is again troublesome. Preached at Bethel to a moderate Congregation M^r Nicholas Perkins of Wytheville spent the night here.

29. Mon.

Cleaned 15 Bushels of Wheat for seed. I am not very well.

30. Tues.

Preached at D.C. Gilkeson's at the funeral of his daughter Margaret, a lovely girl aged over 13 years. Dined at M^r Merritt's came home much fatigued.

October, 1862

October 1. Wed.

After dinner M^rs McFarland & I went to Staunton to Synod, to stay with M^rs Coleman & the Miss Braggs. D^r. Ramsey preached a noble sermon-"to me to live is Christ." Had a bad night with Asthma.

2. Thurs.

Very warm. Feel badly today in consequence of Asthma. M^r M^cIlwaine preached a good Sermon. Dined at M^r Tinsley's. Could not attend preaching at night.

October 3. Fri.

Sat up all last night with asthma & feel badly today. Attended Synod. Dined at D^r. Stribling's heard no preaching today, as the Synod was in session.

4. Sat.

Slept well last night & I feel pretty well today. Had an intensely interesting discussion about Chaplains in the Army & the hospitals. Finished a very pleasant meeting. Dined at M^r Bakers.

5. Sab.

Heard D^r. William Hoge preach an excellent sermon. After dinner came home.

6. Mon.

Quite unwell last night-did not rise till noon. Then better. Mary has Diphtheria. D^r. Tate here yesterday & today.

7. Tues.

Quite unwell. Went to Jonathan Brown's to see M^rs Quarles. Visited at M^r Britain's, Samuel Hays' & John Wrights. Sowed 6 Bushels of Chester County Pennsylvania Wheat.

8. Wed.

I am no better. Rode to the Post Office.

9. Thurs.

I felt better in the morning & went to Rosen's sale, but felt so unwell I had soon to come home. There is a burning sensation in my breast, that I know not the cause of, but I regard it as very unfavourable.

10. Fri.

I am still suffering & I now think it is an attack of Dyspepsia. Studying a little.

11. Sat.

Suffering from Dyspepsia. Finished harrowing wheat. I have sowed 21 Bushels on the Northeast field & there is probably 3 acres remaining. Cloudy today but only a sprinkle.

12. Sab.

Still suffering. Preached at Bethel to a thin Congregation Day cool & threatening. Robert came home.

October 13. Mon.

I am no better. There was a falling mist all day & once a Shower. I have commenced an abstract of the Minutes of Synod for the Central Presbyterian.

14. Tues.

I am a little better. Robert returned to Staunton sent Jefferson with him. Finished my Abstract. It rained a little last night & this morning.

15. Wed.

Pain in my stomach continues. Rode to Greenville. Dined at M^rs Graham's. Tom has returned from Fort Delaware. Came home by Mint Spring. Bought a Quarter of sole leather-12 1/2 pounds at 75 cents Paid $9.40.

16. Thurs.

Day pleasant. Reading. Wrote a letter to Major General T.J. Jackson & communicated the paper adopted by the Presbytery of Lexington in reference to offering prayer for him & his army. Visited M^r Wright's family & prayed with them.

17. Fri.

Wrote to Reverend E.D. Junkin & J. Morrison. The Miss Gilkesons spent last night here. M^r Gilkeson, M^r Burnwell & D^r. Tate here.

18. Sat.

Studying. I am somewhat better.

19. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation a Funeral Sermon for George Trainer. Narcissus F. Quarles Both killed in Battle at Manassas August 30 last & Robert Doyle, thigh broken by a ball August 28^th at Manassas & died of his wound at Aldie Sept. 25^th 1862.

20. Mon.

Sent by M^r M^cPheeters to D^r. William Brown the The Obituary Minutes of deceased members of Synod.

October 21. Tues.

Bought 8 yards of common brown Cotton goods of Palmer at 80 cents per yard

22. Wed.

A very high wind kept me at home.

23. Thurs.

Went to Staunton to get the tire cut on the right hind wheel of my buggy, cost $1.25 Bought 10 yards coarse cotton for Jef's shirts 3/4 wide, 55 cents. came home by Joseph Smith's-supper at M^r Gilkeson.

24. Fri.

Suffered much last night with Cramp & Eruption. M^r Pilson dined with us. James went to Staunton.

25. Sat.

I suffered very much last night with the eruption, especially upon my thighs in the early part of the night; toward morning I slept. Studying.

26. Sab.

I rested better. About midnight it began to rain moderately with the wind Northeast & continued till morning. It rained all day today-sometimes heavily. I did not go to Bethel-sent Jefferson no person there I regret not being able to preach today.

27. Mon.

Went to Staunton on my way to Crawford's Springs. The eruption on my legs has so increased & I suffer so much with it, I can delay no longer. Robert went home with James. It rained all night last night. Stayed at Colonel Tate's.

28. Tues.

Rose at day-break & had a good breakfast in my room-reached the Depot at 6.30' but did not leave till 10' to 9 Fare to Pond Gap, $1. arrived there at 10-Was very kindly received

29. Wed.

Rested pretty well. No Dyspepsia, but I find as yet no improvement in the eruption-otherwise well. Cold-heavy frost.

October 30. Thurs.

The eruption troubled me last night & kept me awake today it is worse than it has been my legs more swelled & irritated. The sulfur water seems to have its usual effect as a diuretic, but has not yet abated the irritation.

31. Fri.

I rested better last night. There is still much irritation, but I think the eruption looks as if it was beginning to dry up. Today it is warm & pleasant.

November, 1862

November 1. Sat.

still warm-became hazy. I rested well last night. The eruption on my legs is drying & the heat of the fire is not so uncomfortable but my legs still swell & it hurts me to walk.

2. Sab.

Improving slowly. A delightful day. I grieve that I cannot preach at Bethel today, as it is the Sabbath before the Communion. But doubtless God has wise reasons for ordering it thus. M^r David Kunkle called to see me.

3. Mon.

Day clear & cool. I had a good night-the eruption is dried up and the irritation greatly abated. I have read Alexander's Moral Science with pleasure & profit. Also Wayland's Political Economy, abridged from which I learned but little.

4. Tues.

Very cold. Did not rest well in the early part of the night. Left my kind friends the Crawfords. They will receive no compensation. I am amazed at the kindness of this family-may God bless them.

Novr. 4. Tuesday continued.

Dined at D. Kunkle's. M^rs Kunkle gave me 3 1/2 lbs of tallow. Came to Staunton in the Cars-fare $1.00. Stayed at M^rs Coleman's.

5. Wed.

Did no rest well-irritation in my thighs. Called with Robert at Colonel Harman's office. Robert is to take down 15 conscripts to the Army, to set off to-morrow. Bought of D. Kayser 10 yards of brown Cotton at 65cents per yard James came for me with my Buggy-home to dinner, all well D.G.

6. Thurs.

I had a bad night with Asthma, brought on by my lodgings the preceding night. Did not rise till 10 a.m.

7. Fri.

Rested well. Went to Bethel-Our Services preparatory to the Communion began-Reverend E.D. Junkin preached a good sermon & came home with us. The day very Cold.

8. Sat.

Cold. M^r. Junkin preached again & even a better Sermon than on yesterday & delivered with great energy. The weather so cold our Congregations are small.

9. Sab.

Milder. M^r Junkin preached an excellent sermon. The service solemn. No additions! Alas. I feel much disappointed, for I had fondly hoped that my son James would have professed religion. He has I think been very thoughtful & serious of late.

10. Mon.

The eruption troublesome last night-better now. Reading Newspapers mostly. M^rs M^cFarland & James went to visit at Mish's & Sproul's.

11. Tues.

Pleasant. I am writing for Synod. Wrote to Reverend D^r. G. Howe & enclosed the Obituary

[page 217]
Minute of Synod respecting D^r. Thornwell for his family & for the Synod of South Carolina. Also wrote to D^r. William Brown, enclosing the Original paper for publication. Also a note for the discontinuance of the Richmond Whig.

Nov. 12. Wed.

Preached at the Funeral of Adam Miller. Husking & hauling in Corn.

13. Thurs.

Reading & seeding a text. M^r Fauber brought his wife Miss Ferguson & two Miss Bernards here the young ladies are Refugees from Portsmouth.

14. Fri.

Beautiful weather, seems like Indian summer. Finished getting in our Corn; husked it on the stalk-have about 200 Bushels of good corn-the nubbins are all sound.

15. Sat.

Studying. Cribbed all the corn. I think the Eruption is cured.

16. Sab.

Gloomy & damp. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation then at 3.30 p.m. preached at John Wright's a Funeral discourse on account of the death of Joseph Wright, a good young man who die in Camp. Robert returned from the Army where he had gone with men.

17. Mon.

Reading. James went with Robert to Staunton. Commenced preparing the Minutes of Synod for the Press.

18. Tues.

Writing minutes.

19. Wed.

Preached at M^r Towberman's at the Funeral of his little daughter, aged 3 years 2 months & 7 days. Dined at the Gardners & prayed with the family. John & Peggie Ann Lambert spent the night here.

20. Thurs.

Writing Minutes for the Press.

November 21. Fri.

day much cooler. Killed a Hog Weighing 183 pounds Studying & reading. Robert came home about dark & staid only about half an hour-expects to go tomorrow with some troops to reinforce Colonel Imboden going from Shenandoah mountain to attach the Yankees in Crabbottom.

22. Sat.

Studying. We hear Robert did not go today.

23. Sab.

Preached at Bethel on the Power of the Cross. A pretty good & attentive Congregation I had some liberty.

24. Mon.

Transcribing Minutes. James went to Staunton. The troops did not go to Colonel Imboden's.

25. Tues.

Still busy preparing Minutes. D^r. Donaghe came to see Jefferson who is quite sick.

26. Wed.

Nearly finished the Minutes for the Press. Jefferson Much more unwell. D^r. Donaghe sent for but did not come. Day Cold.

27. Thurs.

Minutes all arranged. M^r Smith sent a Rockaway for Jefferson I fear he will die. Day cold.

28. Fri.

Studying. Killed our Beef (bull) Weight 633 pounds Hide 110 pounds

29. Sat.

Studying. About 2 inches of snow fell last night. The day cloudy & chilly.

30. Sab.

Preached at Bethel on Luke 8:18, Take heed how ye hear I trust I was faithful. Strict attention. May Gods blessing follow.

December, 1862

December 1. Mon.

Working & Reading. I am suffering much with pain in my back from stooping.

2. Tu.

The pain in my back worse-I am suffering much.

3. Wed.

My Back worse today.

Decr. 4. Thurs.

Very cold. My pain is not relieved I have rubbed the part with spirits of Turpentine but without effect. It is not in the spine but in the bone that joins the thigh-bone to the spine on the right side. I can do nothing but lie on the sofa & read a little.

5. Fri.

My back felt better in bed & I did nor rise till after 2 P.M. About 10 a.m. it began to snow & about 2 1/2 inches.

6. Sat.

Rested badly last night & did nor rise till after 2 p.m. Reverend D^r. William Brown, a dear friend, came to visit us. Robert came home has been down to Jackson's Army, which is is below Fredericksburg.

7. Sab.

Still rest badly. This the coldest morning for several years. D^r. Brown went to Bethel with the family, M^rs M^cFarland remained with me. D^r. Brown preached to about 50 persons & returned & spent the night here.

8. Mon.

Very cold. I did not rest well. Sent Frank with Robert to Staunton. M^r Brown left us-his visit has been a very pleasant one to me. M^r. Gardner came with the sad intelligence of the death of Adam Swink-Aged 76.

9. Tues.

This morning I married Colonel Rudolph Turk & Miss Rebecca B. Wilson & immediately from there went & preached at the Funeral of Adam Swink. The exertion made my back much worse.

10. Wed.

My back still painful. Reading.

11. Thurs.

I am perhaps a little better. Reading. Hannah, a Servant belonging to Nathaniel Bent came here this morning from Winchester.

Decr. 12. Fri.

Spent an unpleasant night-lay in bed till after 10 a.m. Reading.

13. Sat.

Trying to study, but I can sit very little at my table, my back is so uncomfortable.

14. Sab.

I preached at Bethel to a pretty good Congregation & my back stood it better than I expected.

15. Mon.

Very warm. James went to Staunton. My back improves, but very slowly. Reading.

16. Tues.

Great change in temperature. A heavy Shower before day. Killed nine hogs, weight 1874 pounds Ira Swartzley, John Weaver & George Rosen assisting.

17. Wed.

Called at M^r. Gilkeson's-went to Joseph Smith's to see Jefferson Poor fellow, he is very low & I fear will not recover. I talked to him & prayed with him. Dined at M^r Gardner's-Called to see the Swinks. Met William Swink H. Lambert & M^r Towberman there. I had received from M^r Towberman 1 Bushel of Salt from the Smyth County works & he now refused to take pay, & asked me to accept it as a present from him, as I had preached at the funeral of his child. Miss Lizzie Wilson here.

18. Thurs.

Day cold. Reading. Visited M^rs J. Hall.

19. Fri.

Milder. Studying. Robert came home.

20. Sat.

Very cold. Studying. James M^cClung & James William Wallace came here & spent the night with us.

21. Sab.

Very cold. I preached at Bethel to a moderate Congregation & had good attention.

22. Mon.

Went to Staunton. Dined at M^r Baker's received $12.28 Dividend on Confederate Stock up to January 1^st 1863.

December 23. Tues.

The day being mild, M^rs McFarland & I left home & dined at John Brownlee's called at James Smiths, & spent the night at M^r Ballard Smith's: had Asthma.

24. Wed.

Came to Greenville-made several calls & dined at M^rs Graham's-came home & found M^r William Bent had come here last night.

25. Thurs.

Christmas. Though I have no regard for this day in a religious point of view, it has many interesting associations.

Blessed be God we are all in good health. M^r Bent & I went to visit M^r James Bumgarner, who has Typhoid Fever & I had an interesting conversation with him on the subject of religion & found him very accessible

26. Fri.

Studying.

27. Sat.

Studying.

28. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation

29. Mon.

Went to Joseph Smith's, & paid him $110. for Jefferson's hire for the year now closing. I think Jefferson is a little better, but still in a very critical state. Robert went to Staunton. A number of young people here this evening, unexpected by us.

30. Tues.

Rode to M^rs Hall's & paid her $33. Rhoda's hire for 1862, & agreed to hire Mose at the rate of $100. for the whole year & take him after he returns from Richmond, provided he goes.

December 31. Wed.

I went to the Post Office & thence to M^r. Pilson's where they have had much sickness two now sick-one, Annie, very sick.

Called to see a child of Mr [deleted: Stricklers] Trevy's which is sick. Came home. Day cold I have increased my cold, but, blessed be God this last night of the year, I & my family are well.

1863

January, 1863

1863. January 1. Thursday

Clear & pretty cold. Glory be to God that I see the beginning of another year, & am in tolerable health. I have a cold & cough & some pain in my back, but am pretty comfortable. My Family also are pretty well. Mary & her children are out visiting. Robert also, & he is pretty well, & expects in a few days to go into service. James' wound is nearly healed, & he expects to return to the Army very soon. Francis is in Richmond, pretty well. D^r. Humphreys was well when last heard from, & his children except the youngest which was recovering from Diphtheria.

William L. Bent went to Staunton today & took hannah Nat's woman with him. I was sent for to see M^rs Hall who is quite unwell.

2. Fri.

Went to see M^rs Hall. She is better. I paid her for Moses' Services, last year, 68 days at 62 1/2 cents = $42.50. Gave my note for Moses' hire ($100.) with the reserve that if he goes to work for the Government a reduction must be made, or if he returns unfit for service

1863. Jany. 3. Sat.

A very fine pleasant day. I preached at the Funeral of Elisabeth Lettitia Gardner, daughter of Alexander Gardner aged 18 years 2 months who died of the hip disease. A large Congregation

4. Sab.

At 10 a.m. Preached at M^r Pilson's, at the Funeral of his child Jane Anna, aged 7 yrs & 7 months. A very large Congregation Then rode to Bethel & at 12 1/2 O'clock preached again. Called at M^r Bumgarner's. There was a fierce little shower. Home.

5. Mon.

Went to Greenville & took some work to M^r Grubert. Dined at Alexander Brownlee's-visited Miss Catharine Bumgarner who has fever.

6. Tues.

It rained moderately till noon. At home working & reading. Nat Burwell dined here.

7. Wed.

Very cold. At home-Reading.

8. Thurs.

Cold. This my birth-day-I have completed my 75^th Year-an age that even in my youth I never thought to reach. Blessed be God. I am in pretty good health, & able to study & preach with less fatigue than could be expected. But the time of my departure must be at hand. God grant that while I live I may live to his glory & then that I may die to his glory, Amen & amen.

9. Fri.

M^rs Issabella Hall, widow of James Hall, died this morning. She was a good woman & one of my warm friends.

10. Sat.

Snow 3 inches till noon, then Rain. Preached at the Funeral of M^rs Hall.

Jany. 11. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation

12. Mon.

Threshing Wheat. M^r Gilkeson furnished 2 horses & 2 hands, George Rosen sent one, Colonel Wilson one & Lewis Mater & Mose & my two sons were all.

13. Tues.

Again threshing Wheat-had the same hands as yesterday except none from Colonel Wilson, but one from M^r Henderson. This evening James Patterson & his niece-Miss Lizzie P. Rebecca Tate & Susan Humphreys came & spent the night here.

14. Wed.

M^r Gilkeson's two hands, Wash & John assisting to clean wheat. Our Visitors left us. I went to Staunton & took James & Robert in on their way to the army near Fredericksburg. I left with Woods & Gilkeson a Copper Tea-kettle to be sold. Also with D^r. A. Kayser 2 1/3 yds of French Black Broadcloth to be sold-also a Satin vest Pattern. Dined at M^r Woods with Sister Martha (William) Bent on his way to Farmville to see her husband.

15. Thurs.

Cleaning Wheat & hauling it to mill. Wash & John assisting. Wind very high.

16. Fri.

Cleaning Wheat. Gilkeson's John assisting.

17. Sat.

Studying. Hauling Wheat to mill.

18. Sab.

Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation Cold. The 3^d. Sabbath in January 1823 just 40 years ago I first preached in Bethel. I endeavored to improve the Occasion.

Jany. 19. Mond.

Hauling Wheat to Mill. I think I have about 175 Bushels in Cochran's Mill. Wrote to D^r. William Brown, & enclosed my Check for $97.50 in payment for 39 Copies of the Central Presbyterian. I advanced the money for five. Letters from Francis & Nathaniel Bent.

20. Tues.

Snowed a little in the morning, & about 1 p.m. & then in the evening snowed very fast. I went to Bethel to meet the Session-none came but M^r Pilson & Blackwood. Several of the Commissioners met-Messrs. Pilson, William F. Smith, A. Sproul & James Hays. I suffered with cold.

21. Wed.

I think it snowed nearly all night & this morning till 9 O'clock. It is probably about a foot deep, but a good deal drifted.

22. Thurs.

Reading. Wrote a note to D^r. William Brown sending my Check for $2.50 for the Central Presbyterian for William M. Bell, enclosed to Francis. Thawing.

23. Fri.

Threshing. Finished the Wheat, & threshed the the Cloverseed off the Straw. From M^r Gilkeson 1 hand 3/4 of a day-came at 10 a.m. from M^r Henderson 2 hands, M^r Rosen 1, & M^r Greever 1. I superintended & am much fatigued.

24. Sat

Studying. Cleaning Wheat. Rosen's Joe assisting.

25. Sab.

Preached at Bethel from the same Text that I had preached from there just 40 years ago.

26. Mon.

Reading & working. Sending Wheat to Mill. A letter from James.

Jany. 27. Tues.

A heavy Shower last night. Sent the last of my Wheat to mill-248 Bushels the largest crop I ever had-thanks be to God.

28. Wed.

About 10 O'clock last night it began to Snow, & continued all night; this morning it was about 8 inches deep. But it continued without intermission & even increased with a Strong North wind. It snowed steadily all day with the Thermometer at +30. At dark it fell a little & the wind dulled, but it continued to snow till about 10 p.m.

29. Thurs.

This morning it clear & pretty cold. The Snow is about 16 inches deep where not drifted.

Yesterday M^rs Charlotte Tate, Relict of James Tate, died, & I was sent for to preach at her funeral today at 11 a.m. But I thought I could not endure the exposure & the long ride in such deep snow, & did not go. I regret much that I could not-She has been one of my choicest friends for 40 years. Reading.

30. Fri.

Clear & not very cold. Studying.

31. Sat.

Studying. In the evening, a Regiment of Cavalry commanded by Colonel Witcher came & encamped on M^r M^cPheeter land, North of our house, said to be 670 in number-they are from Southwest Virginia were under General Marshall & are now to join

Lieutenant Atkins & a M^r Prichard, (sick) stayed all night with us.

February, 1863

February 1. Sab.

Morning mild, Rain in the afternoon. Bad traveling from drifted Snow. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation

Feby. 2. Mon.

Day mild. Reading & began to record the Minutes of Synod of 1861. Wrote only three Pages. A letter from Francis-wrote to him.

3. Tues

Perhaps the coldest day this winter. Recorded a little more than 4 pages of Minutes.

4. Wed

Intensely cold. So cold in my Study I could do nothing. The coldest day for three years. Brought home 4 Barrels of flour.

5. Thurs

Too cold to do anything. It began to Snow early last night & snowed all day today, without cessation. At dark began to rain, & froze.

6. Fri

Much milder. Crust on the Snow. Wrote to M^rs E.H. Brown, & to Robert P. McFarland A letter was also written to James.

7. Sat

Studying. Clear & pretty cold. I have not been out of my own gate this week & only to the Barn last week.

8. Sab

Milder. Preached at Bethel to a pretty good Congregation for the state of the roads.

9. Mon

The day mild. Reading & recording Minutes of Synod. Letters from Robert & James.

10. Tues

Pleasant. The snow almost gone. Reading, writing & working. M^r & M^rs gilkeson took tea with us.

11. Wed

Sleet-then a little rain. Reading.

12. Thurs

Preached at the Funeral of M^rs Hefner (at the Britton place.) James Hays & wife here.

13. Fri

Preached at the Funeral of a daughter of William Cochran's (Cornelia aged 12). Dined at M^r Bumgarner's.

Feby. 14. Sat

Studying. Mary went to see Jefferson One side is paralyzed. In other respects better. A letter from James by John [deleted: Pilson] Gilkeson.

15. Sab

I think it rained moderately nearly all night, & a while this morning. We all went to Bethel, & I preached to a tolerable Congregation for the day.

16. Mon

Threshing Oats & Cloverseed. William Rosen & Gilkeson's Jem. assisting. Paid M^r Rosen $1.00 M^r Pilson came & paid me salary collected in his own district $191.90 being $64 voluntary, beyond pew-rent. Paid also salary collected by B.F. M^cClung-Pew-rent $74.50, additional $73.50. Also, collected by M^r M^cClung in Captain Humphrey's District, Pew-rent 68.50, additional $36.50 total = $444.90 I learn by M^r Pilson that the Commissioners aimed to to add $300. to the salary this year.

17. Tues

It began to snow in the night & this morning it was about 4 inches deep. But it continued to snow till about 2 p.m. when it was about 6 inches deep. A letter from James. Mary wrote to him today.

18. Wed

Mist & rain & freezing-very unpleasant. George Rosen just from the Army-saw my sons on last Sabbath-both well. Robert enclosed to me $60.00 for safekeeping. M^r A.A. M^cPheeters, called & I paid him in full M^r Englemans Bill in full for sawing & lumber $11.50 George Rosen's Joe came at 10 1/2 O'clock to help to haul wheat. Had 55 Bushels.

Feby. 19. Thurs

Cleared off mild & the snow dissolved rapidly.

Rosen's Joe came today & we cleaned the Cloverseed-Had 4 Bushels. John Gilkeson took tea with us. Caroline (black woman) was confined.

20. Fri

Studying.

21. Sat

Went to Greenville. M^r Burch soled & heeltaped Moses' shoes, 75 cents. I found the leather I paid M^r Burch in full including work done today $8.00 Dined at D^r. Tate's-Called at M^r L. Bumgarner's to see the sick-Miss Burck very ill-others better. Paid M^r Lightner my Blacksmith's Account for 1862--$15.00 He threw off $4.00. About dark it began to Snow.

22. Sab

It doubtless snowed all night, & in the morning furiously till about noon, when it began to abate & at 1 p.m. ceased. It is about 10 inches deep, but drifted. It was manifest there would be no Congregation at Bethel, so I did not go; indeed it was too stormy.

23. Mon

Cleared off early, but cold. I wrote to D^r. William Brown, authorizing my name to be attached to an "Address to Christians throughout the World," a Copy of which was sent to me asking my name. I think it is pretty well prepared & I trust will do good.

M^rs M^cFarland sent $5. for Papers for soldiers & Mary Lewis & her two Children one dollar each for D^r. Hoge's mission.

24. Tues

Recording Minutes of Synod. 4 pages.

25. Wed

Employed as yesterday. Lieutenant Seville called.

Feb. 26. Thurs

It rained last night & today very heavily till noon. And being warm the snow melted very rapidly & made a flood. I was recording Minutes, 4 pages.

27. Fri

Quite mild. Writing and working.

28. Sat

Sent Frank to Greenville M^rs McFarland & Mary went to M^r Rosen's. John Pilson dined with me.

March, 1863

March 1. Sab

Morning threatening. Had snowed & rained a good deal in the night, but cleared off. Preached at Bethel to a tolerable Congregation We were all there.

2. Mon

Went to Staunton. Deposited in the Valley Bank $60. to the credit of R.P. M^cFarland & $30 to the credit of James N. M^cFarland. I also deposited for myself Five Hundred dollars to be invested in 8 percent Confederate States Bonds. Dined at Davis A. Kayser's. Calle at Colonel William P. Tates. Also called on William L. Clark Esquire of Winchester. Supped at William J. Gilkeson's & Paid M^rs Gilkeson for 4 3/4 lbs of Tallow at 40 cents per lb.

On Yesterday a Basket was put in Mary's Rockaway containing as we found today 22 pounds of Candles contributed by some of our friends. A letter from James.

3. Tues

I suffered much last night with cramp in my legs from walking so much yesterday. Today I am so much fatigued I can do nothing but read.

4. Wed

Sold to James Hays 15 Bushels of corn at $3. per Bushel & prepaid me $45. This seems an enormous price, but I am told $4 is paid in Staunton & 4.50 has been offered. These prices undoubtedly arise from our depreciated currency. Mose helping Wrights to thresh.

March 5. Thurs

Cold. Studying a little. Miss Mollie Bumgarner & Miss Wilson dined here. Mose again helping Wrights to thresh cloverseed.

6. Fri

Went to Greenville, dined at M^rs Graham's. Called at M^r L Bumgarner's-all better but the youngest boy. Engaged 30 Flour barrels from M^r Supple at 3 barrels for one bushel of Wheat.

7. Sat

Studying but dull. Sifted my cloverseed, had three & a half bushels, very clean seed. Rain in the night. On Thursday last Miss Bumgarner brought us a present of 12 1/4 lbs of Brown Sugar.

8. Sab

Mild. I preached at Bethel to a pretty good Congregation and I think with more liberty than usual. In the night there was rain, with thunder & Lightning.

9. Mon

Working & reading. Began to plow for corn.

10. Tues

Began to snow after daybreak & continued with some abatement till near 2 p.m. I preached at M^r James Henderson's at the Funeral of Carlisle Reppitoe who was wounded at Manassas August 30^th 1862, in the knee, & died at Aldie in October & was buried there, but his body was now brought on by M^r Henderson to be buried at Bethel.

M^rs Womeldorf, his Mother sent me $5.

11. Wed

Reading etc. Wrote to M^r Morrison.

12. Thurs

Studying a little. I was quite unwell last night, caused I think by eating hot slimcake for supper which disordered my bowels. Day Cold.

13. Fri

Cold piercing. Studying. M^rs Towberman here. Letters from Robert & William Bent.

March 14. Sat

Milder. Worked hard mending a Plow.

15. Sab

Day cold & uncomfortable, roads bad. Preached at Bethel to a moderate congregation.

16. Mon

Last night, thermometer at +26 vivid lightening & heavy thunder, especially about 10 O'clock. This morning a very thick Fog, which gradually passed away before night but continued very cloud. Reading.

17. Tues

Last night it cleared off-this morning very thick fog. Cleaned up before noon. Working.

18. Wed

This morning like Spring: about noon the wind turned Northeast & became cold. I went to Greenville-dined at Alexander Brownlee's-called to see the sick at M^r L. Bumgarner's & M^r Britain's-George Britain has typhoid Fever.

19. Thurs

About 10 a.m. it began to snow & continued till night, then ceased a few hours, say 4 inches deep. I was reading etc.

20. Friday

Vernal Equinox. It snowed, I think all the latter part of last night, & today very fast till 1 P.M. then some abatement, but towards evening again increased I think now about 9 inches deep. Studying-A letter from Francis.

21. Sat

It snowed in the night about 2 inches more, so that it is about 11 inches of pretty solid snow. Today it has been misting, either snow or rain & very gloomy. Studying.

22. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation The traveling is very bad. Snow melting fast, ground soft. I am hoarse & taking cold.

March 23. Mon

I am suffering with a cold in my head that I can scarcely read. Received Letters from My son James-all still quiet with them. Also a letter from Reverend William E. Baker.

24. Tues

This has been one of the gloomiest days I ever saw. The fog so thick one could see but a short distance. About 2 p.m. it began to rain & continued till night. I have been very unwell with my cold. Reading. Brought away 10 Bushels of wheat from the Mill, & sent an Order to give M^r Gilkeson 9 Bushels for threshing.

25. Wed

Sent to Greenville & got from M^r Supple thirty flour-barrels for which I gave ten bushels of wheat. This at $4.00 for wheat would be = $1.33 1/2 per Bushel sent the Barrel to Cochran's Mill.

26. Thurs

James Hall paid me $30. for 7 weeks boarding of Caroline & her child, & took them away. Jacob Zimmerman brought us a letter etc. from Robert & news from James-all well. Thanks be to God. Preparing for the Fast day.

27. Fri

This day was appointed by President Davis for fasting, humiliation & Prayer. The Congregation at Bethel was large & it was to me an interesting day. May God grant an answer to our prayers, in this awful crisis of our affairs.

28. Sat

It began to rain in the night & this morning rained very heavily till about noon. Then Cleared. A letter from D^r. Humphreys. Studying.

29. Sab

Day very chilly. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation It was a funeral discourse in consequence of the death of

[page 234]
Lieutenant John W. Wilson aged 32 who was killed in the Battle of Kearnstown March 23^d 1862, & Miss Alice C. Birch of Missouri, who died Feb. 22^d 1863 at her Uncle's M^r Lewis Bumgarner's in Greenville, aged 17 years I also endeavored to improve the occasion in reference to our Communion next Sabbath.

March 30. Mon

Day cold. Received letters from D^r. Humphries & my son James. Sold ten Barrels of Flour to Richard W. Quesenberry at 21 per Barrel & Received payment $210.

31. Tues

It began to snow in the & this morning is about 7 inches deep. But it melted fast. Reading.

April, 1863

April 1. Wed

The cold is penetrating. Could not go from home to visit. Not one spring day yet. I have not felt well. Could only read.

2. Thurs

Called at M^r Towbermans & at M^r Gardner's then visited Adam Hawpes-was very kindly received & I hope my visit was productive of good. Called to see Samuel Hays Jr. just from the army, bringing home the extra baggage of the Regiment Called at Samuel Hays Sr.

3. Fri

Sowed Cloverseed on part of the Northeast field where Wheat is sowed Went to Bethel Reverend S.L. Preston preached an excellent Sermon from Isaiah 61:1,2. There was a pretty good & attentive Congregation

4. Sat

Session met. Received two on Examination & two on Certificate M^r Preston preached a discourse that was quite intellectual but not so well adapted as on yesterday.

5. Sab

A good Congregation M^r Preston preston preached well. Received one more on Examination On the whole a pleasant Communion season. The day became pleasant.

April 6. Mon

I went to visit M^rs Dorsey who is very unwell. Was out in a heavy shower of rain & snow. Visited M^rs John M^cClure & George Britain. Another Shower of Rain & Snow.

7. Tues

Went to Staunton, dined at M^r Taylor's. Received of M^r D.A. Kayser $45. for 2 1/2 yds broadcloth sold for me, which 2 years ago cost $10. Also Received of M^r Wood $10. for a Copper tea-kettle sold for me which cost

Received the printed Minutes of Synod. Receive of B. King Esquire of Roswell, Georgia three Bunches of Cotton yarn Number 12 worth $20. per bunch, as a Present-thank God. Bought Cotton yarn for my son, paid $5. for it.

8. Wed

Rode to Sinking Spring to Presbytery Lodged at Reverend M^r See's.

9. Thurs

Heavy frost, attended Presbytery closely. Again at M^r See's.

10. Frid.

day mild. Attended Presbytery Again at M^r See's.

11. Sat

In Presbytery Adjourned. Lodged with M^rs E. Em. Cue.

12. Sab

D^r. White preached. I introduced the Communion Service & Reverend Samuel Brown followed & closed. Dined at M^r Hugh G. Guthries & spent the night at M^r David Gilkeson's.

13. Mond.

Called to see Jefferson & came home. Settled with M^r William A. Gilkeson & paid him in full of all dues $13.75 Sold two Barrels of flour to the Miss Palmers at $24 per Barrel

14. Tues

Finished plowing for Corn. Began to plow for oats in the Hill Field. Recording Minutes of Synod.

15. Wed

It rained heavily all day abating in the evening. Recording Minutes of Synod.

April 16. Thurs

Cloudy & cool. Recording Minutes. Bought at Arbor Hill 6 yards of Osnaburgs at $1.50 per yard. Paid $25. for stuff for a pair of Pantaloons for Robert, called Casimere, 1 1/4 yard wide.

17. Fri

Wrote to D^r. William Brown & remitted by Check $91.30 to pay for printing & distributing the Minutes of Synod; also included in the Check $3. from M^rs Cornelia Smith for D^r. Hoge's Mission.

18. Sat

Studying & working. Harrowing Cornground.

19. Sab

Reverend William S. Blain preached for me a good Sermon

20. Mon

M^r Blain left us. I went to Staunton. It rained on me heavily. It rained in showers till about 3 p.m. I tried to make arrangements for taking $1500 more in state stocks, i.e. Confederate 8 per cents Bought half a bunch of Cotton yarn Number 10. 2 1/2 lbs for $9.00. Called on M^r Clark.

21. Tues

Recorded six pages of Minutes.

22. Wed

Recording Minutes. Wrote to James and received a letter from him.

23. Thurs

Rained much last night & much today. Laboriously recording Minutes, 6 Pages

24. Fri

Finished Recording the Minutes of Synod. The paper is so bad, I have been 7 days recording 31 Pages.

25. Sat

Wrote to Colonel Preston. Studying etc.

26. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation

27. Mon

Rode to Staunton to put the Minutes of Synod in the hands of M^r. Hugh G. Guthrie to take to the General Assembly at Columbia for Review. Heard a speech from Colonel John B. Baldwin, a Candidate for Congress.

April 28th. Tu.

Working & reading.

29. Wed

Went to the Post Office. Paid my Postage Account for Newspapers for 1862 & letter Postage to this date; also for a landside and plowpoint = in all $3.50 Paid M^r Supple for a supposed deficiency in the 10 Bushels of Wheat I thought I sent him $4. I think it must have been stolen out of the barn, in the night.

Had my horse shod round with steel toed shoes.

30. Thurs

Reading & working.

May, 1863

May 1. Fri

Studying & working.

2. Sat

Studying. Preached at William Bell's of Hebron at the Funeral of his child aged 4 years died of Scarlet Fever.

3. Sab

Preached at Bethel-good attention & good Congregation Preached at Christians Creek School house. House full. Came home.

4. Mon

Reading & working. Finished harrowing in Oats in the hill field. Sowed in it 19 Bushels. Sowed 7 Bushels in the Northeast field.

5. Tues

M^rs McFarland & Mary visiting. Planted Corn in lot North of the house.

Heard that a great battle was fought on Sabbath last at Fredericksburg, with heavy loss on both sides-General Jackson severely wounded General Hill slightly-that we took 10,000 prisoners & were in possession of the heights beyond Fredericksburg. This news makes me feel very anxious about my sons.

6. Wed

Received a letter from James, written on the Battlefield while a fierce cannonade was going on. It was not dated, but I suppose was written on

[page 238]
Friday, May 1 (No, it was written April 30^th Thursday) as it was postmarked Richmond, May 2. It created intense feeling, but I trust God has spared my dear Sons, in answer to our prayers & theirs.

I had purposed to go to Staunton today to learn what I could, but the day was too Stormy. it rained a good deal last night & very much today.

May 7 Thurs

Cold Northeast wind. Went to Staunton, but could get very little reliable news from the Army. I believe Roberts Brigade was not in Battle but held in reserve. I believe it is true that General Jackson has had his left arm amputated & is wounded in the right hand. Alas. The Battle was most bloody.

8. Fri

Day damp & cool. Studying and Reading.

9. Sat

Studying. We have heard from apparently good authority, that James is safe. Blessed be God.

10. Sab

An interesting letter from James. He describes the late battle as the severest he has been in, but thanks be to God he escaped without a wound. A letter from M^rs Colonel M. Harman says the Regiment in which Robert is is all safe. Preached at Bethel & Greenville & came home.

11. Mon

Marking out for corn in the Southeast field. I delivered 55 Bushels of Oats to Abram whom Colonel J.M. Lilley sent for them Price $2.00 per bushel.

12. Tues

Reading & working. Planting Corn in the Southeast field. Wrote to B.G. Worth, Wilmington, North Carolina & to B. King Esquire Roswell, Georgia

13. Wed

No letter from Robert yet. Visited at William Cochran's whose daughter Margaret is sick. Called at M^rs Doak's & M^r Merritt's.

May 13. Wed Continued.

The sad intelligence has reached me today of the death of my valued noble friend Lieutenant General Thomas J. Jackson. It has produced a feeling of sadness & distress such as I have rarely experienced on the death of any one. It is a national Calamity of no ordinary weight. May God raise up another to fill his place & may our hopes rest more on God & less on man.

Finished planting corn in the Southeast field.

14. Thurs

Planting Potatoes.

15. Fri

Planted sorghum. This the last of my Spring planting. Benjamin M^cClung & James Patterson came & spent the night with us. I agreed to sell them 12 Barrels of Flour & some Bacon for the Army.

16. Sat

Studying.

17. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a very full house. Dined at James M^cClung's & preached there to a good Congregation M^rs M^cFarland & I spent the night at M^r Wallace's. He is quite unwell. M^rs Dorsey is better.

18. Mon

We & M^r M^c Clung's family dined at M^r A.F. Humphrey's. I left M^rs M^cFarland there & came home.

19. Tues

I delivered at Mint Spring for James Patterson, sold to the Government for the Army, 206 1/2 pounds of Bacon. Called to see Jacob Rosen who has come home from the Army badly wounded-his Jawbone badly broken. Called to see Jefferson he is better. I brought home 7 Barrels more of Flour-I have not at home 9 whole Barrels & some more. I left at the Mill 12 Barrels which I have sold to the Government through J. Patterson at $24. I have sold 32 Barrels of Flour for $721.

May 20. Wed

Day pleasant but too dry for vegetation. Wrote to Robert & James & Received an interesting letter from James. Rhoda very unwell-confined to bed.

21. Thurs

So afflicted with a cold in my head, I could do nothing. Rhoda still very unwell.

22. Fri

Still very unwell-did not rise till after 10 a.m. and had to lie on the sofa. My Bones aching. Rhoda a little better. I went to bed about 4 p.m.

23. Sat

Very little better. Rose about 8 a.m. Studied a little.

24. Sab

A little better. Preached at Bethel to rather a small Congregation Rhoda better. M^rs McFarland came home.

25. Mon

Still unwell. No rain, but a thick mist at time. A letter from Robert.

26. Tues

Studying. My cold is worse. Alexander M^cComb came to see me. Sally Gilkeson here.

27th. Wed

Studying. Cleared off without rain!

28th. Thurs

I went to Greenville to attend the General Elections, which I have seldom done, but in these times I regard it as duty to vote for good men. I voted for Thomas S. Flournay for Governor Samuel Price Lieutenant Governor both Elders in the Presbyterian church J.R. Tucker. Attorney General J.B. Baldwin, Congress J.M. M^cCue, H.W. Sheffey, & James Walker for the house of Delegates.

29. Fri

Preached at Hebron to a very small Congregation Dined at M^rs Wright's. Came home. A little rain.

30. Sat

M^rs M^cFarland went with me to Hebron. I preached to a good Congregation Went to Westview & spent the night with Reverend S.L. Preston & Baptized his first born son William Caruthers Preston.

May 31. Sab

Preached at Hebron to a very large Congregation & had a good deal of liberty-gratis Deo. Three were admitted on Examination & two on Certificate Came home to dinner. A little Asthma last night.

June, 1863

June 1. Mon

Unwell. Reading.

2. Tues

Took to Cochrans Mill 11 1/2 Bushels of Oats, of the the crop of 1861, weighing 33 1/2 lbs per Bushel. I have sold them to the ConfederateStates Government at 8 cents per abbreviation So they brought $2.68 1/2 per Bushel=$30.88.

I took also 25 Bushels of Corn for the Government at $4.50 per Bushel M^r Harris paid me in full $143.38.

3. Wed

Reading.

4. Thurs

Went to Staunton. Vested $1500 in 8 per cent. Confederate States Bonds & deposited them in the Central Bank: also $500 in 7 per cent but Received not the Bond, but only a certificate. We hear James arrived in Staunton; sick.

5. Fri

Studying. Mary went to Staunton for James & brought him home. He is not sick, but has had a bad cold & speak only in a whisper.

6. Sat

Went to Staunton & preached for M^r Baker, & baptized Cornelia Lenoir the Child of Colonel William P. & Sarah Ann Tate. Vested $400 more in Confederate States Stocks, 7 per Cent Brought John Wright home. James is no better. The loss of voice is rather alarming.

7. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a rather thin house.

8. Mon

Quartermaster Bell sent out two wagons for a stack of Hay which I agreed to sell to the Government.

9. Tues

Studying; Several lady Visitors here.

June 10th 1863

Reading.

11. Thurs

At home. D^r. Humphreys & his two Children & & Julia came. D^r. Tate here to see James.

12. Frid.

Went to Staunton to get James' leave of absence extend & it was for another week. Recd of the Quartermaster for 5190 pounds of hay, at $1.50 per hundred, $77.85. Took another $100. in Confederate State Stocks at 7 per Cent Thus I now have $1000 in Virginia Six's $[deleted: 1500]2000 in Confederate 8's & $[deleted: 500]1000 in Confederate 7's in all $4,000.

Dined at Addison Waddell's with M^rs M^cClung.

13. Sat

Studying. Blistered James' breast & throat.

14. Sab

Preached at Bethel & at Mint Spring. Dined at M^r Towberman's & baptized the two children at their own house on account of their little boy being unwell. James better. I heard him speak aloud for the first time this morning. He went to Bethel.

D^r. Humphreys went to Bethel & went home with some of his relations.

15. Mon

Reading. Warm & exceeding dry.

16. Tues

Working & reading.

17. Wed

Reading & Studying. The warmest day this summer

18. Thurs

Still warmer. Working & reading. Mowing clover in front of the house. A light shower & very high wind. The Thermometer fell 30 degrees in a few hours.

19. Frid.

Took James to Staunton on his way to the army. He & I dined at Colonel Tate's; He will have to walk to the army-no transportation to be had. A very fine Shower in the afternoon.

20. Sat

Studying. Shower & hail.

June 21, 1863. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a pretty good Congregation D^r. Humphreys came home with us. At 4 p.m. I preached at Cochran's Mill at the late residence of M^r Quessenberry who was shot through heart & killed instantly on Sunday May 3^d. in the Battle of Chancellorsville. His widow desired me to preach a Funeral Discourse.

22. Mon

D^r. Humphreys took the Children to see their other relations. I am Reading & working. Received a letter from Robert, written in Camp near Winchester, giving an account of the taking of that place & nearly all Milroys Army. But few lives lost; blessed be God.

A letter also from Francis who is unwell, & is coming home.

23. Tues

Reading & working. Mowing, making & hauling in Clover hay. Cannon were heard.

24. Wed

Reading.

25. Thurs

Reading. Day very damp, but little rain.

26. Fri

Unwell. Studying a little. A little rain.

27. Sat

Still unwell, but better. Studying.

28. Sab

Rain. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation

29. Mon

Cloudy & some rain. Reading.

30. Tues

This afternoon took a Chill & was very unwell. M^r M^cPheters who has been to the army & saw Robert called to give us the news.

July, 1863

July 1. Wed

Spent a restless & uncomfortable night-had mustard to my breast. Did not rise till 11 a.m. feel weak.

July 2. Thurs

I am still feeble. Showery. Mowed a little but ceased-weather too unsettled. Reading.

3. Fri

I am better. Mowed a little more & hauled in a load of hay. D^r. Humphreys & M^rs McFarland went to M^r. Blackwood's. I have been reading. Very warm.

4. Sat

Studying. About noon a very heavy thunder-shower, & a moderate rain most of the afternoon. D^r. Humphreys & M^rs M^cFarland returned.

5. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a pretty good Congregation On account of rain had to give up my afternoon service.

6. Mon

Cloudy & rain in the evening. D^r. Humphreys left us to return to Tennessee^x. I rode to M^r Hendersons & William Silers'. [x but did not ultimately go]

7. Tues

Rain. Working. M^r M^cPheters brought us the news of a great battle said to have been fought at Gettysburg Pennsylvania between General Lee's & Hooker's armies on last Thursday, Friday & Saturday.

8. Wed

Reading & Working.

9. Thurs

Went to Staunton hoping to hear from my sons but did not. Drew interest on my investments up to the 1^st instant $54.14 Dined at Colonel Baldwin's. Learned a good deal about the tremendous Battle at Gettysburg Pennsylvania perhaps the bloodiest of the war.

10. Fri

Began to cut Wheat. At home, reading, etc.

11. Sat

M^r Ferguson from the army reporting my sons safe on [deleted: Frida] Saturday, the 4th at noon-thanks be to God. Studying. Cutting Wheat.

12. Sab

Preached at Bethel & at James M^cClung's to good Congregations Came home. Day warm.

July 13. Mon

Rained heavily this morning & was rainy & damp all day. M^r Douglass called.

14. Tues

Cut some wheat. About 3 p.m. a very heavy shower.

15. Wed

I suffered last night with pain in my bowels & today feel very feeble. M^r Henderson sent me 4 hands to help to cut my harvest.

16. Thurs

Captain John Humphreys here last night. I am too feeble to go to Staunton to the called meeting of Presbytery Black Jack cradling wheat-finished cutting wheat.

17. Fri

Studying. Wheat not dry enough to bring in.

18. Sat

Grain still too wet. Studying.

19. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation Then in Greenville to a good Congregation & came home. Letter from James.

20. Mon

Hauling in Wheat in good order. Wrote to James. He writes in a delightful Christian spirit.

21. Tues

Finished hauling in Wheat. 205 Dozens.

22. Wed

Mowing. Got my horses shoes removed all round. Visited May Newton, William Thompson & M^rs Echard.

23. Thurs

M^rs King & her three youngest Children spent last night & today here. I went to Staunton. Saw 900 Yankee prisoners put on the Cars for Richmond. Dined at M^r Woods with General Imboden, M^rs M^cClung & Agnes & Addison Waddell & M^r Davis Kayser & wife. A heavy shower late in the evening.

24. Fri

Reading & working. Killed a Calf, Weight 34 pounds $63. Skin $[blank space] Making & hauling in hay.

25. Sat

Studying. At the hay, 2 load more.

26. Sab

Preached at Bethel & Christians Creek School House to good Congregation. Spent the night at M^r Pilson's. Nathaniel & William Bent came to my house.

July 27. Mon

Taking cold. At night had Asthma badly.

28. Tues

Very feeble & feverish. Nathaniel Bent went to Staunton. A very heavy rain in the afternoon. Flooded my meadow.

29. Wed

Working & reading. D^r. Humphreys & Theda came here yesterday & are still here.

30. Thurs

Had another bad night with asthma. Reading & writing.

31. Fri

Quite unwell. Put mustard on my stomach which relieved the Asthmatic symptoms. Captain Humphreys here.

August, 1863

August 1. Sat

Studying. Better.

2. Sab

I am very unwell. Suffered much last night with a "stitch" in my left breast & soreness on pressure; also an inflammation of my left tonsil rendering deglutition painful. I feared the effects of preaching but preached at Bethel to a large Congregation for over an hour:-was much exhausted, & suffered much with my breast & throat.

3. Mon

I spent a wretched night last night with the stitch in my breast: coughing was agony. I did not rise till 11 a.m. Nathaniel & William Bent left us after early Dinner. Mary & Frank went with them to Staunton.

M^r Hemp hauling in my share of the hay from the Northwest field

D^r. Tate came to see me & prescribed. Applied a blister to my left breast, did not rise well. Took a blue pill.

4. Tues

Spent another uncomfortable night. Stitch not so sharp. Remained in bed all day.

5. Wed

Another restless night-applied the blister again. Remained in bed till 1 p.m. D^r. Tate came again.

6. Thurs

In bed all day. Applied another & more effective blister. M^r Pilson came to see me.

Aug. 7 1863.

In bed all day blister very sore.

D^r. Tate came to see me. Letters from James & Robert.

9. Sat.

In bed all day. Had a high fever last night. Tried another Blister tissue did not do well. M^r Gilkeson & M^rs Wright came to see me.

10. Sab

Less fever last night. Applied another Blister. Mary & her children went to Bethel & took David, but brought him back. Reverend Gershom Goble, providentially was at Bethel & preached & came & dined here. Blister rose well.

11. Mon

Somewhat better. D^r. Tate here. M^r Gilkeson also.

12. Tues

About as yesterday. At 1 p.m. rose & dressed-the first time for a week. I feel great debility. Cutting Oats for 3 days past[deleted: ed]. M^rs Larew & Lizie Wilson here. D^r. Humphries also came.

13. Wed

But little change. Rose earlier. D^r. Humphries took David away with him. Finished cutting Oats.

14. Thurs

More fever last night, not so well today. I am suffering from the Blister applied last Sabbath There was a heavy shower last night.

15. Fri

Rested rather better last night, but more feeble & feverish today. Rose at 11 a.m. went to bed at 3 p.m. A very heavy thunder gust with hail. Letters from Robert & James

16. Sat

Spent a very feverish night, my left side very sore. In the afternoon better-in bed all day.

17. Sab

Had Asthma-did not rest well-better this morning. The family went to Bethel-I lay in bed till noon & remained up till near 5. The internal soreness has left my breast. Good Congregation at Bethel & a good prayer-meeting.

Aug. 17. Mon

Did not rest very well.

M^r D. Carlisle Gilkeson & wife & M^rs James M^cClung came to see me & Dined here. I rose a little before Mid-day & remained till 5 p.m.

18. Tues

Rested badly. M^rs Pilson came to see me. Rose at noon-up several hours. Finished hauling Oats.

19. Wed

Cool. In bed all day. M^rs Gilkeson & Samuel Hays came to see me.

20. Thurs

In bed all day. Poulticed the sores arising from the blisters-very troublesome.

21. Fri

Had a bad night with Asthma. More unwell than heretofore-feel depressed-not in soul but in spirits. In bed all day. This the national Fast, but alas, I could not attend. The Elders held a Prayer meeting.

22. Sat

More depressed-fever-restless. D^r Tate here: was sent for. Began to plow for Wheat.

23. Sab

Rested rather better last night & am a little more comfortable-fever rather less. In bed all day-no preaching at Bethel, alas! D^r. Tate came prescribes Spirits of Turpentine.

24. Mon

Spent a restless night-feel badly, but by degrees improved.

25. Tues

Another restless night. D^r. Tate & D^r. Humphries here. Felt badly in the afternoon.

26. Wed

No better. Ground too hard to plow. In the afternoon more comfortable.

27. Thurs

A bad night with Asthma. Spent an uncomfortable day & the worse for company.

September, 1863

Sept. 6. Sab

Did not rest quite so well. Reverend William Morrison spent the night here and preached at Bethel today. All the family went to church. A letter from Robert & a Certificate of his church membership. Also a Check for $35.

7. Mon

Had a bad restless night-slept little. Much depressed today. Applied Jamestown weed leaves to the boils, but nothing seems to do good. I suffer much with pain at times.

8. Tues

Had a rather better night but am no better on the whole.

9. Wed

Slept a good deal, but suffering much. A letter from James. D^r. Tate came & cut open the Boil which is now ascertained to be a Carbuncle. No pus but only Blood came out.

10. Thurs

Another painful night-rest much broken. D^r. Humphreys came to spend a few days with me.

11. Fri

Slept rather more. Today more feverish & restless than for some time. D^r. Humprheys went to Staunton & got me a vial of Tincture of Hyascyamus for $1.50 & 3/4 pound of of Epsom Salts for $1.50 D^r. Humphreys applied Tincture of Iodine to my Carbuncles.

12. Sat

Rested a little better. William F. Smith D^r. Tate, D^r. William Brown, Reverend William Morrison & M^r & M^rs Henderson here.

13. Sab

No better. William Morrison preached at Bethel & ChristiansCreek School House All the whites at church

Sept. 14. Mon

Another bad night. Reverend M^r Crawford & wife & M^rs Brown spent the day here & greatly distressed me by too much conversation.

Reverend D^r. William S. White dined here.

I feel a sense of great exhaustion.

15. Tues

Had a very bad feverish night, & today not as well as usual.

Sent to Staunton 34 pounds of Cheese & 28 of Butter to be sent by Express to G.W. Gretter, Richmond. John Lambert & Peggy Ann & Tirza L. dined here. John L. Brought a Certificate of church member-ship to be Received into Bethel church as my son Robert also had, being received in the Army.

16. Wed

A letter from James-he seems very anxious about me. M^r Gilkeson called. M^rs M^cChristian E. Sproul & Jack Kreders here. This my best day for a week-but had a bad night last night. Hyascyamus affected my head.

17. Thurs

Better today-some diarrhea.

Messrs. Gardner, S. Pilson & M. Pilson here.

18. Fri

My Bowels very much disordered & this morning marked symptoms of Dysentery appeared. Sent for D^rs Tate & Humphreys & they came. Took injections of Starch & Laudanum which relieved me much. It rained heavily nearly all last night.

19. Sat

Symptoms of Dysentery disappeared but returned in the evening. D.H. left me.

Sept. 20. Sab

Last night was one of great suffering from pain in my bowels. Today I am relieved, thanks to God.

Mary & Robert went to Staunton where Robert expects to go to the Lord's Table for the first time. May God abundantly bless it to him.

21. Mon

I spent a pretty comfortable night & today am free from pain or disordered bowels. D^r. Tate here. Robert went to Staunton.

22. Tues

Spent a feverish night & very uncomfortable night. Today I am better, no fever.

23. Wed

Rested tolerably am better today than since I was taken-pulse down to 74. D^r. Tate & wife & Miss Sally Tate here. A letter from James dated Friday last-he is well & the army was daily expecting to move.

24. Thurs

Rested tolerably, better. Finished plowing for wheat in the Hill field.

Went to the other room & lay on the sofa an hour & more while the study was cleaned.

Borrowed of M^r Gilkeson 12 Bushels of white-straw Mediterranean wheat & 6 Bushels of red straw=18 Bushels

25. Fri

Better. Began to sow Wheat in the Hill field. Robert & Mary went to M^r Bumgarner's.

26. Sat

A heavy white frost. I continued to gather strength.

27. Sab

Better. Reverend William Morrison preached. Good Congregation Robert left us to return to the Army.

Sept. 28. 1863. Mon

I feel still an increase of strength, but am likely to be troubled with a cutaneous eruption consequent, as I believe on the use of Laudanum in my recent attack of Dysentery. At 1 1/2 O'clock p.m. I rose & dressed-the first time for nearly two months.

Remained up several hours. Finished sowing wheat in the Hill field. Sowed 4 Bushels of Redstraw on the North end & 12 Bs. Whitestraw on the other end, in all 16 Bushels

29. Tues

I suffered very much the early part of last night with the eruption on my limbs aggravated, I believe, by sitting up & walking-remained in bed all day.

30. Wed

Greater suffering from the eruption last night-nothing gives me relief. Returned to M^r Gilkeson two Bushels of wheat.

October, 1863

October 1. Thurs

Had a more comfortable night. Taking salts & cream of Tartar & drinking Sassafras tea. A little rain.

2. Fri

Before day it began to rain & rain all day, sometimes very heavily. Ceased at 5 p.m. The Eruption is extending on my back; threatens to be very extensive. Last night I was a good deal harassed by it.

3. Sat

Rested better last night. Wrote to G.W. Gretter about the Sugar ordered & the Butter & Cheese sent. Wrote to Reverend James Morrison.

4. Sab

Had a violent attack of Diarrhea last night & feel badly today.

October 4. Sab continued.

M^rs McFarland & Mary went to Bethel-Reverend William W. Morrison preached, & again at M^r M^cClung's. A good Congregation at Bethel.

5. Mon

The tumor on my left breast very sore-poulticing it. D^r. Humphries came & cut into it with the Spring lancet, but did not reach the matter.

M^r Kurtz came here (one of the Staunton Police) with a note from Mayor N.K. Trout, saying that Bacon had been found with Patsey, a black woman, who says she Received it by a black man & that she had bought it from Rhoda. I wrote to M^r Trout giving Rhoda a good character for honesty.

6. Tues

Had a restless night with what seems to be another large Carbuncle on my left nipple-are poulticing it. Eruption more troublesome.

7. Wed

A good deal of suffering last night, but rather easier today.

8. Thurs

This morning the Carbuncle or Boil began to discharge & is easier, but the eruption harasses me so much that it seems to almost a matter of life or death that I should go to the sulfur spring, for otherwise it seems as if it would spread all over me, & I am too weak to bear it. Mary & Frank went to Staunton.

9. Fri

Rose at 11 a.m. & dressed & at 1 p.m. M^rs McFarland & I set off for Staunton & arrived at 3, much exhausted. Stayed at Colonel Tate's. Stood it better than my fears.

October 10th 1863.

Suffered very much last night with the eruption. After breakfast, at 7.45' took the Car for Pond Gap Fare $1.25 each=2.50. M^r D. Kunkle sent us over to M^r Crawford's where we were kindly Received by all. I am very feeble, but blessed be God I have stood wonderfully what I regarded as a most desperate effort.

11. Sab

I slept well last night-the eruption scarcely troubled me any-my arms trouble me today. I slept a good deal today.

Too cool to drink sulfur water well. Frost.

12. Mon

Another pretty comfortable night. Better & Stronger today. The water doing good.

13. Tues

A good deal disturbed last night by the irritation which seemed somewhat increased. D^r. Humphries came to see us & dined here & then went to see Peggy M^cC. All well at home, thanks be to God.

14. Wed

More comfortable last night. Day cloudy & damp. My appetite is even craving & my strength increases though the eruption does not seem to disappear as formerly & is still troublesome, but is dryer. M^rs McFarland walked to M^r Kunkle.

15. Thurs

Had a bad night. Took Salts which operated almost too freely, but may do good. A very heavy rain this morning.

16. Fri

Rest broken. Today better. Very great Rain. In the evening cleared off.

October 17. Sat

Rested tolerably, eruption a little troublesome; but I am so much better I have resolved to return to Staunton on my way home. Dined at David Kunkles; they are very kind-gave us 4 pieces of Castings, worth $[blank space]. Came to Staunton fare $2.50 Gave Crawford's Servants $1.25 Stayed at Colonel Tate's.

18. Sab

My Buggy came for me & we reached Bethel in time for Worship. William Morrison preached a pretty good sermon, we took a collection for him of $100. He preached six Sabbaths. I am much fatigued.

19. Mon

Rain early but cleared off & at 8 O'clock Mary & I set off for Salem. Dined at Reverend E. Junkin's & spent the night at M^r William White's in Lexington-his wife is suffering exeedingly with Neuralgia in her head. Much fatigued.

20. Tues

Set out at 8 1/2 a.m. & drove 14+ 2 miles to M^rs Moffet's & dined there-returned to the turnpike 2 miles & drove 10 miles to Buckanon & 2 more to Colonel J.S. Anderson's where we enjoyed their elegant & Christian hospitality.

21. Wed

Drove 19 miles to Botetort Springs & dined there with M^r Cocke who has a School for 125 girls-charges $39.00 per month for every thing except music. Seems a good School. 8 miles to Salem. Stayed at M^r Lewis much fatigued. Eruption troublesome.

The Synod was opened with a good Sermon by Reverend D^r. William J. Hoge.

On my motion Reverend Andrew Hart was unanimously elected Moderator.

Octr. 22.

Attended Synod. D^r. Atkinson Preached well. D^r. Bocock as usual. Dined at D^r. Moorman's.

23. Fri

An admirable address from D^r. M.D. Hoge. An able discussion on the Union of the New School with us. Rain. Did not go to hear M^r Peck in the evening.

24. Sat

Very interesting addresses on the State of religion in the Army by D^rs. Pryor & B.P. Lacy. Synod had a night Session.

25. Sab

D^r. M.D. Hoge preached a noble Sermon I made the first prayer. The Lord's Supper was administered in the afternoon by myself & D^r. Leighton Wilson & B.P. Lacy. D^r. Dabney preached at night. Took tea at J.B.S. Logan's.

26. Mon

Did not rest well-great irritation in my skin & some Asthma. Synod had a session till 11 a.m. Since Thursday I have stayed with the Miss Shireys-Lutherans. Returned to Colonel Edmondson's.

27. Tues

Set out for home at 9 a.m. & Reached Buchanan at 3.15 p.m.-Stayed at the Reverend Andrew Hart's-day very cold-caught cold.

28. Wed

Reached Lexington at 2.15 p.m. 24+1. Stayed Mr William White's.

October 29. Thurs

Dined at M^rs E. Witherow's & came home-much fatigued. Thanks be to God.

30. Fri

Quite unwell-in bed all day. Headache & the eruption aggravated.

31. Sat

I am better-able to read & study a little.

November, 1863

November 1. Sab

Feeble & indisposed. Preached at Bethel, having been silent three months. Suffering with the Eruption.

2. Mon

A restless suffering night.

3. Tues

Suffered with the eruption as before. Breakfasted by candle-light & at 5.40' a.m. set out for Staunton & arrived at 7 1/2 took the Cars for Pond Gap & Crawford's Spring & was kindly Received & drank the water freely.

4. Wed

Rested better the latter part of the night. Much less irritation in my back & elsewhere.

5. Thurs

I am sensibly better, had a good night's sleep. The day quite warm-sulfur water good.

6. Fri

I think I am improving.

General Imboden passed this morning, going West with two Regiments of Cavalry, who are armed & fight as Infantry. I conversed with him a while. Saw John Merrit & D^r. King-also made the acquaintance of Captain Berkley, adjutant General to General I also Captain Harrison of Staunton, & a M^r Horring.

7. Sat

Day uncomfortably cool. I feel discouraged today there is more irritation in my legs & shoulders & back. I wrote home.

[page 258]
A M^r. Chipley spent the night here-a sensible man. 62 Regiment Mounted Infantry, Colonel Smith, gives a sad account of their Chaplain Laferty. 18 Regiment Colonel Imboden & surgeon King.

Nov. 8 1863. Sab

This day has been spent in silence & solitude. How gladly would I have been preaching Christ. I seem not to be improving in regard to my disease, & feel somewhat discouraged. But the Lord's will be done.

9. Mon

Very cold-snow showers. M^r Morris set off for Tye River. My Eruption more troublesome. I fear I am not to be cured by sulfur water.

10. Tues

Had a pretty good night & am better & am more encouraged. Correcting Minutes of synod.

11. Wed

A very cold night. I am about as yesterday. General Imboden's troops returned today.

12. Thurs

My shoulders & arms suffered last night. I left the kind family of Crawfords to whom I am so much indebted-may God reward them.

Reached Staunton about sunset, met my horses there & came home found all well but Julia, thanks be to God.

13. Fri

Suffered severely with the Eruption in my right thigh. In other respects I am as usual. Studying.

14. Sat

More comfortable. Studying. Rain in the evening.

15. Sab

A pretty confortable night. Heavy rain through most of the night-the day fair. Preached at Bethel.

16. Mon

Cool. I am better. Visited John Wright who is dying I think. Letters from Robert & James.

Nov. 17. Tues

Went to Greenville in my Buggy. Bought of William Smith 8 pounds of sole leather at $5. per pound & 3 pounds of Upper leather at $6.50 per pound=$59.50 to make James a pair of Boots. M^r Smith gave me all the leather at $1.50 below the selling price. Received of John Newton 150 pounds of salt at 10 cents per pound=$15. Now selling at 50 cents per pound D^r. Humphreys came & spent the night with us.

18. Wed

Reading & writing.

19. Thurs

Went to Staunton in my Buggy to attend to various items of business. Engaged Reverend S.D. Stuart to assist at our Communion on the last Sabbath in November

20. Fri

My neighbor John Wright died at 3 O'clock a.m. Reading & studying a little.

21. Sat

Raining early & increased. I had to go to Wrights in a heavy rain. Preached a Funeral Sermon to a goodly number for the day. I fear I have taken cold.

22. Sab

This morning before breakfast, M^rs M^cFarland, going to the kitchen, sliped on the plank & fell & hurt her back I fear badly; we had to carry her in, & she has suffered much all day-able to help herself very little. May God grant her a speedy recovery.

I preached at Bethel with as much ease as usual.

23. Mon

M^rs M^cFarland rested better than I expected Can help herself a little, but suffers much.

A letter from James. I am reading & writing.

24. Tues

M^rs McFarland worse. Sent for D^r. Tate & D^r. Humphreys. D^r. Tate did not come. D^r. Humprheys came late & cupped M^rs McFarland She suffers much & can help herself very little.

Nov. 24. Tues (continued)

Sent the Minutes of Synod, prepared for the Press, to Reverend D^r. William Brown by M^r James Henderson.

25. Wed

M^rs McFarland rested more comfortably last night. Still no material improvement. I am not very well.

26. Thurs

M^rs McFarland rested pretty well-could turn herself in bed. I am feeble today can do nothing. In the Evening better.

27. Fri

Sent off letters to Reverend D^r. Dabney & M^r Samuel M^cCorkle. M^rs McFarland a little better, but still keeps her bed. Received a letter from Robert P. McFarland I fear from the statement in the Northern Papers, that Captain Beall & his party of 60 men & officers have been captured, that my son Francis is one of them. If so, may God bless to him the sad providence.

28. Sat

Heavy showers from the Southwest till noon, then cleared off. M^rs McFarland we think improves slowly-still in bed. I am not at all well-stomach disordered. Studying.

29. Sab

M^rs McFarland a little better. I preached at Bethel to a good Congregation & had good attention. O for God's blessing.

30. Mon

Very cold. Killed six hogs, weight 880 pounds & not very fat-corn scarce. William Siler & D^r. Humphreys assisting. I could not even go to see them.

December, 1863

December 1. Tues

M^rs McFarland much improved. I am still complaining & by no means well.

2. Wed

Last night the eruption on my left thigh troubled me. M^rs McFarland much better.

3. Thurs

I am better; also M^rs McFarland Killed a young steer. The beef weighed 426 pounds I propose selling it. Paid William Silers for killing hogs $5 & for the Beef $1.50

December 4. Fri

Sent my beef to Staunton. D^r. Humphreys went & sold it at 50 cents per pound=$213. I sent also 7 Bushels of ears of corn, being the full tithe of my crop. D^r. Humphreys also paid the Confederate tax on Coin, notes, currency etc. $13.14. I am taking a bad cold.

5. Sat

Spent a very uncomfortable night with Coughing & the eruption. Went to Bethel-called at M^r Bumgarner's. Met the session & received on Certificate Robert P. M^cFarland & John M. Lambert, Received in the Army by Reverend C.S.H. Sa. & M^rs R. Miller Vanlear (wife of William) and on Examination Susan C. Gillum, daughter of M^rs Gillum of Greenville. The Session also suspended from the Communion of the church William Gibson & his wife for absenting themselves from the church & its ordinances for many years.

Reverend Samuel D. Stuart preached. I have a bad Cold.

6. Sab

I am better. The Session Received on Examination Estelle Via Argenbright. M^r Stuart preached a good Sermon on the love of God, 1 John 3:10. I served both tables at M^r Stuart's request. He came & dined here. M^rs Steel of Staunton & her daughter & son came came & spent the night with us.

7. Mon

Languid. Reading etc. M^rs Henderson came & brought me 3 yards of the best homemade flannel I ever saw, worth at present $10. a yard at least. A very generous present indeed.

December 8. Tues

Cold. Took my wagon to Lightner's for repairs. Took the Steer's hide to M^r Smith to tan on the shares-Weighed 75 pounds took no receipt Made several calls.

Received of John Newton 55 pounds of County Salt at 12 cents per pound Paid $6.50 in full.

9. Wed

I went to M^r Gilkeson's & to the Post Office. A letter from Reverend E.D. Junkin, asking me to aid at a protracted meeting, but my health is too inform. A letter also from my son Robert-he is safe.

10. Thurs

Working, Wearied. Caught cold.

11. Fri

Do not feel well. M^rs M^cFarland continues to improve slowly. Received letters from D^r. William Brown & his wife containing the sad intelligence that our son Francis is a prisoner in Fort M^cHenry! May God bless the awful providence to his soul. We killed a Beef Cow; Net Beef, 465 pounds Tallow 30 pounds Hide.

12. Sat

Studying.

13. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a rather thin Congregation, the Home guard being out. In the evening I was so unfortunate as to sprain my left foot badly.

14. Mon

My foot better. Reading. Letter from James.

15. Tues

Went to M^r Gilkeson's about threshing. Called at M^r Henderson's & dined at M^r Palmer's.

16. Wed

Reading & working. Chilling wind.

17. Thurs

It rained in the night & it froze as it fell: the same through the day. Many branches broke off the locust trees around the house.

December 18. Fri

Day very chilly. Reading.

19. Sat

Very cold. My sprained foot once more swelled & painful. Studying. William Larew came to see us.

20. Sab

Very cold. Preached at Bethel to about 30 hearers. The Guards again called out today. At 8 p.m. Thermometer at +12 very cold.

21. Mon

A little more moderate. My foot more painful. Frank went to Greenville & got James' Boots & Shoes for Liz. Received a letter from Robert. I can do very little. About 9 p.m. our son James arrived from the Army on furlough for 15 days. He is very well. This is a kind Providence for me for which I thank God.

22. Tues

I rest badly at night. M^rs McFarland is not improving. We enjoy James' company.

23. Wed

James went to Staunton. D^r. Humphreys came from the excursion of the Home Guards.

24. Thurs

Cold D^r. Humphreys took Theda & Mary's children to M^r Wallace's to spend a few days. I scarcely ever felt such languor & inefficiency.

25. Fri

Another Christmas day I have seen. Blessed be God. I have tolerable health though lame from the sprain of my foot & I feel many of the infirmities of age. M^rs M^cFarland, alas, seems to recover very slowly from the effects of her fall. Servants all absent.

26. Sat

At home studying. James out about servants.

27. Sab

An interesting day. The session Received my son James into the communion of the church on Examination and I asked the prayers of the church for my son Francis. Preached to a good Congregation

December 27. Sab Continued

This day at 10 1/2 O'clock a.m. I married James Bumgardner Jr. & Mary Mildred Bumgardner, the [deleted: first] second marriage I ever solemnized on the Sabbath. I do not regard it as wrong but I did it with reluctance.

28. Mon

Day very unpleasant & I remained at home. James went to Staunton to se about a man servant. The prospect is bad from the scarcity & the enormous prices asked.

29. Tues

Went to see D^r. Trummond about a servant: was unsuccessful. I feel much discouraged but trust God will provide.

30. Wed

Went in search of a servant & I trust have been successful. A man belonging to the estate of Adam Swink, named Zeke, is for hire. I went to see all the heirs & obtained their cheerful consent that I should have him & I trust he will suit me.

31. Thurs

Rained in the night & about day it began to snow & continued till about noon-2 inches fell.

I went to M^r Gardner's & M^r Towberman's to arrange about Zeke. M^r Gardner would have let me have him for $250, but M^r Towberman insisted on $300, which sum I am to pay & clothe him.

1864

January, 1864

1864. January 1. Friday.

Intensely Cold. It is a great mercy to me that I have not to leave home today. D^r. Humphreys went to Staunton & hired July to M^r Evans for $150. & clothing.

God has been merciful to my family another year. I am in tolerable health for my age. My wife is slowly recovering from the effects of her fall. Robert in the army & well: James at home on Furlough, also well-both Lieutenants. Mary & her children well. D^r. Humphreys & his children well & here. Francis' sad condition is the great grief of the family-a prisoner & in irons & it is said to be tried for piracy, but as I understand it, they were commissioned as Privateers.

2. Sat

Intensely cold. The thermometer fell regularly all day yesterday from 33 till this morning when it was at Zero. I was studying.

3. Sab

The day was so cold, & I was not very well, that I was afraid to go to Bethel. James went & said there were a good many there.

4. Mon

James left us to return to the Army-Frank went with him to Staunton before 7 a.m. D^r. Humphreys & David left us. James Hall & M^r. Adams came for Mose-Adams has bought' him-was not satisfied with his clothing although good except a hat. But to avoid trouble I paid him $55. in addition to his hire.

5. Tues

Sent Frank to Greenville & to get Judge shod all round. Got Julia's shoes. I have been reading.

6. Wed

M^r. Gardner came to tell me that Zeke is unwilling to live so far from his wife, but has no

[page 266]
other objection to living with me. This is an embarrassing affair-may the Lord order it all for his glory & the good of all concerned.

Jan. 7. 1864.

Very Cold. Went to M^r Gardners to see Zeke, who after much trouble to persuade him agreed to come & live with us; & he came & began to work. Glory to God, the perplexity is ended. I gave my Bond for $300 & clothing to A. Gardner.

8. Fri

Studying. M^r Pilson called to see us. This is my Birthday. Today I am 76 years of age. Glory be to God that I enjoy so much health at such an advanced age, & blessed be his name that he still permits me to preach Christ. May I live more to his glory while I do live.

9. Sat

Very cold. I suffered much from coughing last night. Studying, thought I can hardly keep warm.

10. Sab

Preached at Bethel to 36 hearers. Very Cold.

11. Mon

At home-Reading. Letter from James.

12. Tues

Went to see William Hall about Rhoda-he says there is no doubt I can keep her. I agreed to pay $50. hire.

13. Wed

Day promising but became damp & chilly.

I went to Staunton & drew Dividends for myself for Virginia Stock $30. Confederate Stocks $119.89 = $149.89 for Mary-Virginia Stock $54. Confederate $35.34 = 89.34.

14. Thurs

Reading & working. Wrote to James.

15. Fri

Reading. I still feel the fatigue of Wednesday.

16. Sat

Studying.

17. Sab

Preached to a good & attentive Congregation

Jan. 18. 1864

Reading & working. Sent July to M^r B. Brawford's where Mary has hired her. M^r. Henderson brought his threshing Machine here.

19. Tues

M^r Henderson threshed my wheat & finished by 3 p.m. then cleaned till night. M^r Henderson brought 2 hands & M^r Gilkeson sent 2 & Rosen one. Very blustery.

20. Wed

Cleaning Wheat. M^r Henderson's Mason helping.

21. Thurs

Finished cleaning Wheat; had 'tis said 95 Bushels. I must take 30 Bushels out of this & so will have 65 for home use.

22. Fri

M^r. Henderson came to thresh my Oats, but broke his main shaft. I am reading & studying. Mild day.

23. Sat

Studying. Day very mild.

24. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation Day very mild. Took a Collection for Foreign Missions.

25. Mon

Went to the Post Office-letters from Robert & James. Paid Lowry for mending Shoes $4. M^r Henderson finished threshing Oats & cloverseed. Brought two hands.

26. Tues

Went to Greenville. Took leather to M^r Burch to have shoes made for Rhoda. Dined at D^r. Tate's. Paid my Blacksmith Bill to M^r Lightner $42.00 he generously threw off $8.37. Bought 1/2 lb. Epson salts for $2.50

27. Wed

Working & reading.

28. Thurs

Finished cleaning Oats-had 142 Bushels.

29. Fri

Unwell-bowels much disordered-strength prostrated.

30. Sat

Still unwell; in the afternoon better. Studying.

31. Sab

Still very unwell, but preached at Bethel as usual to a good & attentive Congregation Much fatigued.

February, 1862

Feb. 1. Mon

Still unwell but better. Reading.

2. Tues

Not so well. M^rs Gilkeson & M^rs Lawrence here.

Feb. 3. 1864. Wednesday.

Took medicine & am better. Day cold. Letter from James, enclosing a Check for $40.00 in part payment for his boots.

4. Thurs

Brought home 5 Barrels & 70 lbs of Flour. The proceeds of 30 Bushels of wheat. Flour now sells at $125. here.

5. Fri

I am pretty well-studying. M^rs M^cFarland rode to George Rosen's-the first attempt, & stood it pretty well. Thanks to God.

6. Sat

Studying. In the afternoon rained moderately.

7. Sab

About an inch of snow last night. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation extempore. D^r. Humphreys came home with us.

8. Mon

Reading. John Gilkeson here. D^r. Humphreys left us.

9. Tues

Working at various things.

10. Wed

Reading, etc.

11. Thurs

Reading. George Rosen & wife here.

12. Fri

Delivered in Cochran's Mill 5 1/2 Bushels of Wheat making 55 1/2 there now. Delivered to the Government 60 pounds of Pork, 4 Bushels of wheat & 14 1/2 of Oats. I sold $155. Virginia Bank notes at 3 1/4 for one = $504.

13. Sat

Studying.

14. Sab

Preached at Bethel with a good degree of liberty to a very large, attentive & solemn audience. M^rs M^cF at church first time for 12 weeks.

15. Mon

Began to Snow about noon, 1 inch fell; ceased in the evening. Plowed the garden. D^r. Humphreys came.

16. Tues

Morning not cold, but the wind high & the thermometer fell rapidly & it became very cold. D^r. Humphreys left here.

17. Wed

Intensely cold. The thermometer only rose from 0 to +8 & fell to -2 at 9 p.m. John Shields dined here.

18. Thurs

Still very cold. Mary went to M^rs Kings. M^r Pilson came to see me. A letter from Francis.

Feb. 19. Fri

Studying. Gave M^r Henderson an order for 3 1/2 Bushels of Wheat as Toll & gave him 7 Bushels of Oats & paid him $10. for hands threshing.

20. Sat

Studying. M^r M^cPheeters called here.

21. Sab

Much harassed for some time with the Eruption-especially in my arms. Rested badly. Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation M^rs M^cFarland out again.

22. Mon

Working & reading. Mary returned.

23. Tues

Very mild. Working & reading. Mary went to M^r Bumgarner's. M^rs Wright, M^rs Jonathan Silor & Sallie Gilkeson here.

24. Wed

Reading. Began to plow for Corn in the Northwest field.

25. Thurs

Working. Paid M^r Palmer for a pair of UnitedStates Pantaloons for James $40. Paid William Hail $30.00 being Rhoda's hire for last year. Plowing.

26. Fri

Studying & reading.

27. Sat

Had a suffering night with the eruption. Studying. Robert came home on Furlough of 15 days.

28. Sab

Much suffering again. Preached at Bethel to a still larger Congregation D^r. Humphreys & little David came home with us.

29. Mon

Robert & Mary went to Staunton. I took M^rs M^cFarland to M^r J. Bumgarner's & I went & preached at the funeral of William Beard J^r. of the army & a member of Bethel church He died at the hospital at Orange CourtHouse He was a good young man.

I had a conversation with D^r. Humphries about his plans for Theda, telling him that it did not suit me to give her a permanent home here. He said he did not expect it-that it was because of M^rs M^cFarland's great anxiety to have her, that he left her here.

Feb. 29th. 1864 continued.

I told him that it was from no mercenary motive that I did not keep her but a desire for quiet, & in proof of this I gave him up his Bond for $150. & several years interest.

March, 1864

March 1. Tues

A cold Northeast rain all day & it froze on the trees. Working & reading. A little Snow.

2. Wed

Reading & Studying.

3. Thurs

Studying. M^r M. Pilson came here today and brought seven sheep, a present from a few of my people. M^r Pilson gave one, Adam Hawpe one, M^r Trice & William Smith united in buying one for me from M^r Pilson for $75. Carlisle Gilkeson (who originated the scheme) one, John M^cClure one, M^rs Margaret M. Tate one & M^r Cochran one, worth as estimated $475. A few days ago Francis M. Gilkeson gave M^rs M^cFarland one & John Shields gave Mary Lewis one. Thanks be to God for such friends.

4. Fri

Studying. Visited Samuel Hays. John at home.

5. Sat

Studying. Have a distressing cough.

6. Sab

Reading. Robert went to Staunton. Our Son Francis came home this morning. I have not seen him for a year & a half & he has been nearly 3 months in a Yankee prison.

7. Mon

Reading. After dinner a pain suddenly struck me in the Back which has disabled me for almost everything.

8. Tues

Reading. After dinner a pain suddenly struck me in the Back which has disabled me for almost everything.

9. Wed

Reading. Back very painful.

10. Thurs

Rained all day. Back better. Studying.

11. Fri

Rain. In the afternoon fair. Back improved. Robert left us for the Army. Francis took him to Staunton.

12. Sat

Studying.

March 13. Sab

Preached at Bethel with a good degree of liberty. Solemn attention. My son Francis there.

14. Mon

Not well. Reading. Received some Minutes of Synod & the Manuscript & the Bill for Printing Binding etc. $275.00 & for Postage on Minutes $8.00 Drew a Check for $283.00 to Reverend D^r. William Brown.

15. Tues

Went to Staunton. Gave my Check to E.M. Taylor, Esquire for $700. to be invested in 4 per Cent Bonds for the Payment of my own & Mary's taxes. Dined at Colonel Baldwin's. Suffered with cold.

16. Wed

Very cold. Had to stay at home. Reading.

17. Thurs

Studying. Mary & Lizzie Wilson went to see M^rs Dorsey. M^rs M^cPheeters Jerusha & Robert & Susan Wright here.

18. Fri

Studying. Wind high. Plowing for Oats, Southeast field.

19. Sat

Studying. Mary returned. M^rs Dorsey better.

20. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good & serious Congregation

21. Mon

Francis left home for Richmond. Reading. Began to record the Minutes of Synod of 1863.

22. Tues

Cold. About 10 a.m. began to Snow furiously with a strong Northeast wind. About dark it abated. Recording Minutes. Lizzie & Mary Pilson here.

23. Wed

Snow about 8 inches where not drifted. Reading & clearing away snow blown into the houses.

24. Thurs

Not very well. Reading & writing a little.

25. Fri

It began to snow early & with little intermissions continued all day. I was studying.

26. Sat

About 5 inches of wet Snow. Studying.

27. Sab

Preached to a moderate Congregation Roads bad.

Enclosed a $10. note from M^rs R.M. Van Lear to D^r. William Brown for Papers to be sent to Soldiers.

March 28. 1864. Mon

Went to Greenville on business. Dined at A.W. M^cClure's-called at M^r Britton's & M^r Brawford's. Settled with Mr Burch & paid my Bill & Mary's in full =54 dolls 50 cents

29. Tues

Reading. Wrote to Francis. Very Stormy-several inches of snow; then a very heavy rain, then more Snow.

30. Wed

Gloomy. Snow still lying. Reading.

31. Thurs

Very dull. Reading.

April, 1864

April 1. Fri

Snow, Rain, Snow. Reading & working.

2. Sat

Snowed in the night 6 inches. Cloudy. Studying.

3. Sab

Preparation Sabbath Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation Roads bad. Last week our church was robbed of a large portion of Carpet, the hangings behind the Pulpit, the two Pulpit hymn-books, etc, the Porcelain Pitcher & two tumblers off the pulpit.

4. Mon

It began to snow about 7 a.m. & continued till noon & a little more in the afternoon. Recording minutes.

5. Tues

Snowed much in the night & today till noon-is about 9 inches deep. Recording Minutes.

6. Wed

Reading. Letter from James.

7. Thurs

Pleasant. Sent a keg of eatables to James. Studying.

8. Fri

This the day appointed by Congress & President Davis for Fasting humiliation & Prayer. Had a very large & solemn Congregation at Bethel. M^rs McFarland stayed at M^r Bumgarner's.

9. Sat

An uncommonly heavy rain all day. I went to Bethel, it being the day preceding our Communion. Only 7 hearers. Reverend William Pinkerton with me. Dined at M^r Bumgarner's M^rs McFarland remained & M^r Pinkerton. I came home.

10. Sab

Morning pleasant-rain in the afternoon. Went to Bethel-good Congregation M^r Pinkerton preached a good SerMonday

April 10. Sab continued.

Had a pleasant Communion but alas no additions.

Apl. 11. Mon

Reading & writing. Mary went to M^r Pilsons.

12. Tues

Recording Minutes. Letter from James.

13. Wed

Reading and Studying.

14. Thurs

Set out to visit the sick-Called at M^r Cochran's. Dined at M^r Tates. Spent some time at M^rs Pattersons-she is suffering much with Neuralgia in her face. Visited M^rs Doxey at her Father's she is better-spent the night at M^r Gilkeson's-an uncomfortable night.

15. Fri

Visited M^r M^cClung & Alexander Brownlee. Came home-weary.

16. Sat

Very unwell, have caught cold-can hardly read.

17. Sab

A little better. Preached at Bethel. Collection made last Sabbath for religious reading for Soldiers was $

18. Mon

My cold very oppressive. Writing a little.

19. Tues

Better. Preparing for Presbytery.

20. Wed

Too unwell to set out for Presbytery. A letter from Robert.

21. Thurs

Set off for Lexington-dined at M^r Turk's in Newport. Reached Lexington at dusk. Roads very bad.

22. Fri

attending Presbytery Dined at Colonel Prestons-tea D^r. White's.

23. Sat

attending Presbytery Dined at Colonel Reids, tea at M^r Ruffner's.

24. Sab

M^r Bowman preached. Samuel Brown & I conducted the Communion Service. At night a tremendous rain.

25. Mon

Visited the Grave of my lamented friend General T.J. Jackson. Called on D^r. White. Took Reverend H. Brown in my Buggy to M^r Morrison's. Alas, how my friend Morrison has failed in both body & mind. Had a bad night with Asthma-had to sit up much of the night.

April 26th 1864. Tues

Came home. Dined at M^r Sproul's-Called on M^rs Brown & M^rs D^r R. M^cChesney & M^r William Beard. Much fatigued.

27th Wed

Wrote to D^r. William Brown. So prostrated, I can only read & sleep.

28. Thurs

Feel much as yesterday. Wrote to James.

29. Fri

Still feeble & languid. Finished sowing Oats, 16 Bushels

30. Sat

Very feeble. Trying to study. William Swink here.

May, 1864

MAY 1. Sab

Day pleasant. Preached at Bethel & felt but little exhaustion-this very remarkable. Thank God.

2. Mon

Reading. Wrote to D^r. White. A letter from James.

3. Tues

Cold. The mountains both East & West covered with Snow. Preached at the funeral of a Son of Reuben Lambert aged 10 years

4. Wed

A letter Robert-says we have 80 miles of Entrenchment from the Blue Ridge to 20 miles below Fredericksburg. Mary went to M^r Wallace's.

5. Thurs

Working & studying.

6. Fri

Took M^rs McFarland to M^r Lightner's-got the Spring of my Buggy mended. Planting Corn in the Northwest field.

7. Sat

Finished planting the Northwest field. Plowing for Sorghum. It is rumored that a great battle has been fought in Northern Virginia & heavy loss on both sides-John Hays came home wounded.

8. Sab

Feeble. Preached at Bethel.

9. Mon

No definite news from the army. Went to see old M^rs Engleman & then to George Rosen's.

10. Tues

Still feeble but better. Planted Sorghum below the barn. Sheared the Sheep had 2 pounds washed wool.

11. Wed

Preached at James Wilson at the funeral of his child E. 1 year. Lieutenant Colonel Clarence Derrick spent the night with us. Wind Northeast

May 12. Thurs

Rained heavily this morning. Colonel Derrick is a pleasant Gentleman-Commands a Battallion of about 650 men-about 550 with him at Staunton. D^r. Humphries here all day. Rain.

13. Fri

Preached at the Funeral of Cicero Bare who died of a wound Received on the 6th instant in Lee's army-died at Gordonsville. Rain.

14. Sat

Studying. Excellent Showers.

15. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a thin Congregation The reports continue to arrive of a terrible Battle on Thursday-it is said that the 5^th Regiment Virginia Infantry went in with 400 men & came out with only 150, & that the 52 also suffered severely. Oh, my Sons, my Sons! But the Lord Reigns.

16. Mon

We learn through a letter from John Wright that our Son James, if alive is a prisoner, Alas. The enemy took a fortification in which he was.

17. Tues

A great rain. A letter from James written in the trenches on the 9^th-shows an excellent Spirit. Reading. No Papers from Richmond for a week.

18. Wed

Went to Staunton-met D^r. Reid of Richmond & his son. Traded a Barrel of Flour for 3 Bunches of cotton-numbers 10, 10, 12. Also another Barrel for 15 yards of Cotton & 20 yards of Osnaburgs, For 1 pound Coperas $5. new issue paid! Came home through a Very heavy rain.

19. Thurs

Much fatigued. Visited Reuben Lambert's children-4 ill with Diphtheria-William very ill. Colonel Derrick came here at dark & stayed about 2 hours. In the late fight near New Market, out of 5 companies of his Battalion in from 5 to 10 minutes he lost 2 killed & 59 wounded. The loss heavy, but our victory complete.

May 20. 1864.

Called at S. Hays' & spent the night at Ballard Smith's.

21. Sat

Preached at Mount Carmel. Stayed at Reverend M^r Pinkerton's-at dinner of morsel of food seemed to stick for a moment in the passage to my stomach, which was followed by very serious consequences. It left a sense of soreness & extended to my lungs. I rested badly.

22. Sab

Felt badly, but preached-ate dinner at M^r Pinkertons & spent the night at James Smiths.

23. Mon

Had a bad night-rose early & set off for home before breakfast. Called to consult D^r. churchman-had a painful ride home. Took an emetic which did not operate well & some cathartic pills-used mustard poultices freely.

24. Tues

Another night of suffering. Day similar.

25. Wed

A bad night. D^r Tate came to see me.

26. Thurs

A little better night-pain not so acute. D^r. Humphreys came to see me.

27. Fri

Rested badly. D^r. Tate came again-he & D^r. Humphreys consulted. Perhaps a little better.

28. Sat

Somewhat better, but still suffering.

29. Sab

After sleeping, I awake exceedingly oppressed but I am a little better. D^r Tate here. No labor for Christ.

30. Mon

Rested better. More comfortable in the morning, less so in the afternoon. M^r A.F. Humphreys here-gave me 2 1/2 Bushels of Corn worth at present prices $45 or 50. M^r R.T. Wallace also here.

May 31. Tues

Rested tolerably-am a little better. M^rs Gilkeson & M^rs Plunket here.

June, 1864

June 1. Wed

A little Better. M^r Pilson here. Mary & the children went to Staunton.

2. Thurs

Better. Thank God, a letter from James, dated Fortress Monroe, May 15. He is in good spirits & well treated-destination-Fort Delaware. Dressed & up.

3. Fri

Improving. Rose near 1 p.m. & up till after 6. M^r Faber called to see me.

4. Sat

Not so well-rose ate 10 a.m. Up till 2 p.m.

Sad tidings. One report is that Robert was killed on Monday last. A Telegram from Francis dated the 2^d instant says "Robert in hands of Enemy-Reported seriously wounded." The Lord reigns & he will do what is best for him that Christ bought with his blood, I submit. A Telegram from Francis dated today, says-Robert was shot through the heart; never spoke. Alas, alas!

Sent Frank to Staunton for M^r Stuart-he declined to come fearing a Cavalry raid on the town. A great battle on Friday near Richmond reported we successful.

5. Sab

Did not rest well-in bed all day.

6. Mon

As yesterday-but dressed & out of bed for a few hours. The Yankees are in Staunton. Our troops fought them yesterday but fell back to Waynesboro. General Hunter with 8 to 10,000 troops in Staunton.

We are told that M^r Cattell heard a telegram read that Robert was not hurt-O that it may be so.

7. Tues

Exceedingly prostrated last night-better today. Yesterday D^r. Humphreys took two of my horses away for safety.

June 8. 1864. Wed

This a day of great excitement but thanks to God, though quite unwell, I am pretty calm. There have been in all eleven Yankees here (Averills men). They crossed at pondgap-took my horse Squire 14 years old a saddle & bridle & a few bushels of Oats-the offered no violence & did not search the house. We gave most of them some breakfast. A Joseph Little, said to be a chaplain who once taught music here, I understand charged them not to disturb us.

9. Thurs

More feeble. Sad accounts of my neighbors' losses, especially in horses.

10. Fri

A little better. About 9 a.m. we heard sharp musketry firing form Arbor Hill up the turnpike for an hour. It is said 3 yankees were buried. It was Colonel M^cCauslan's men skirmishing & falling back. It is said Staunton was evacuated this morning. They went up both roads.

11. Sat

Slowly improving. M^r Henderson came to see me.

12. Sab

No Congregation at Bethel I suppose-few have horses to go-I have not & could not preach if there. Alas! for the change.

13. Mon

General Breckenridge with 10,000 men passed up on yesterday-but I cannot learn by what route.

14. Tues

D^r. Humphreys came & brought my two horses-thanks be to God. No yankees this side of Lexington.

15. Wed

M^cPheeter's Lou came from Lexinton. The yankees did much damage there, but have gone on-our troops pursuing.

16. Thurs

More feeble. Cannon heard by some yesterday & today-thought to be in the direction of Lynchburg. Rode out for an hour-the first since May 23^d.

17. Fri

Rode to M^r Gilkeson's. Frank Gilkeson says he saw a member of Roberts company who said Robert was wounded but not badly. O, to be relieved from suspense.

June 18. Sat

More unwell-Very feeble, could not ride out-not so well as a week ago.

19. Sab

No better. After much hesitation, I went to Bethel-was too weak to preach-the elders held a prayer meeting, & I made an addres-dined at M^r Bumgarner's-came home fatigued.

20. Mon

A little better. Reading.

21. Tues

False rumor of Yankees in Middlebrook.

22. Wed

Somewhat Stronger. Working & reading.

23. Thurs

A letter from D^r. Samuel B. Morrison of June 6^th informing me that on that morning he had found the body of my Dear Son Robert, covered with earth, he supposes where he fell, & had it reburied & the grave markd. A letter from Captain Humphreys, describing the circumstances in which he fell; also letters of sympathy from M^rs E.H. Brown & D^r. B.M. Smith. We have been held long in suspense, now the sad reality is known. Glory to God, we have satisfactory evidences of his Piety.

24. Fri

Better. Studying.

25. Sat

Stronger. Studying. Extremely warm.

26. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a very small Congregation The Army from Lynchburg is passing down both roads.

27. Mon

I rode to Mint Spring-General Earlys Corps passed down-say 15,000 with 72 pieces of Artillery. General Breckenridge on the other road with say 12,000. Colonel Derrick came to see us, but returned to camp.

28. Tues

Colonel Derrick came & brought all his extra baggage. Began to mow, in front meadow.

29. Wed

Not so well. Reading & working.

June 30. 1864.

Not well-rode to M^r Hendersons.

July, 1864

July 1. Fri

Still unwell. Wrote to D^r. Brown.

2. Sat

better. Studying.

3. Sab

Unwell-preached at Bethel-good Congregation

4. Mon

Better. Working & reading. Cutting Wheat.

5. Tues

Harvesting wheat. Heard Reverend M^r Preston preach a good funeral Sermon at M^r Speck's-funeral of his son.

6. Wed

Mowing. Reading.

7. Thurs

Studying a little.

8. Thurs Fri

Visited S. Hays & wife, who are unwell. Studying.

9. Sat

Studying. My strength increased.

10. Sab

Preached at Bethel-good Congregation A Shower.

11. Mon

Reading. Letters from Francis & Roxa. Harvesting.

12. Tues

Cutting Wheat. Reading.

13. Wed

Ditto Reading & writing minutes.

14. Thurs

Had Cholera Morbus last night-it ceased by noon. I rose at 2 p.m. but could not sit up-very weak-went to bed about 5. Finished cutting wheat.

15. Fri

Hauling in Wheat. Letters from Francis M^rs E. Brown & William L. Bent. I am a little stronger.

16. Sat

Hauling in wheat. M^r Henderson came after breakfast with his Mower & cut grass in the front meadow till night, for which I paid him $30. in the new Issue. Wrote to D^r. M.D. Hoge & Reverend F.H. Bowman.

17. Sab

Reverend T.L. Preston preached at Bethel an invitation a Funeral Sermon, in consequence of the death of my beloved son Robert. The Congregation was very large. D^r. Humphreys & his children came home with us.

18. Mon

Attacked with Dyssentery-much pained. Could not preach at the funeral of M^r Samuel Hays, Elder.

19. Tues

Rested pretty well-Still symptoms not much better-in bed all day-sent for to preach at the funeral of Archibald S. Sprouls oldest son, James Eliza M^cPheeters died today, aged 50. A drizzle of rain.

20. Wed

Symptoms a little better-sent for D^r. Tate, he came. In bed all day. A little shower, George Rosen called.

21. Thurs

Health about as yesterday. Cocking hay. In bed all day. Took more Ipecac & salts.

22. Fri

The State of my bowls seems much better. I dressed about 2 p.m. could sit up but little & in one hour had to return to bed. Hauling in hay.

23. Sat

Still better, but in bed all day. D^r. Tate here.

24. Sab

Better, but very weak-dressed about noon & out of bed 3 hours. Prayer meeting at Bethel.

25. Mon

Better. Rose at noon & remained up till night. There was a pleasant rain before day this morning.

26. Tues

Rose at 9 a.m. up all day. Miss Mary Pringle & Lizzie Wilson here. I dined with the family.

27. Wed

Up all day. A letter from John Gilkeson written June 7^th says James was well. I wrote to James.

28. Thurs

Working. Wrote to General Robert Patterson.

29. Fri

A letter from James dated June 7^th. A glorious revival in Fort Delaware-Glory to God. Cutting Oats. Mary & Frank went to Staunton. Studying.

30. Sat

Studying. Got in the Oats. John Hays here.

31. Sab

Very feeble-Preached at Bethel-was exceeding exhausted-came home & went to bed.

August, 1864

Aug. 1. Mon

Better. Wrote to Francis & to Reverend D^r. William S. White.

August 2, 1864. Tues

Heat oppressive. Wrote to Reverend D^r. Dabney & Brigadier General Lilley who is severely wounded & in Winchester. A very pleasant shower this afternoon.

3. Wed

Preached a Funeral Sermon on the death of Samuel Hays at his late residence.

4. Thurs

I am stronger. Hauling in hay.

5. Fri

Went to Bethel. Reverend F.H. Bowman preached a good sermon & came home with us.

6. Sat

Received three females on Examination M^r. Bowman again preached a good sermon to a good Congregation A Shower.

7. Sab

M^r Bowman preached, all his services were very acceptable. Lord's Supper administered, a pleasant season. A Child of M^r Brawford's buried. I made a brief address. My health & strength improved.

8. Mon

More feeble. Finished hauling in hay-last of harvest.

9. Tues

Working & reading.

10. Wed

Visited at M^r Sproul's-much sickness there. A very fine Shower-came home.

11. Thurs

Got all the tires of my buggy cut at Lightner's. Called at James Hays' came home-a pleasant little shower.

12. Fri

Asthmatic-much indisposed.

13. Sat

At home. Studying & reading.

14. Sab

Preached at Bethel. A good Shower.

15. Mon

Preached at the funeral of William S. Sproul, aged 36. A good Shower. Came home fatigued.

16. Tues

Visited the Brawford family. A shower.

17. Wed

Quite unwell-Feverish.

18. Thurs

A feverish night-in bed till 10 a.m. Better. The best rain for three months.

Aug. 19th Fri

Rained & Drizzled all day. I could not set out for Augusta church not well.

20. Sat

Left home at 7 a.m. & reached Augusta church just in time to preach. M^rs McFarland & I stayed at M^r Bowman's.

21. Sab

Had Asthma. Preached to a good Congregation

22. Mon

Came to Staunton. M^rs Turk very ill. Met Reverend D^rs. Reid & Stiles-pleasant Brother came home. Fatigued.

23. Tues

Preached at the funeral of D.C. Gilkeson. He is a great public loss, aged 49 in October next. Dined at M^rs Patterson's & came home-much fatigued.

24. Wed

Rose at noon-Reverend J.S. Blain here.

25. Thurs

Had a bad night-lay on the couch. Very weak. Reverend William E. Baker & family here. A Shower.

26. Fri

Still feeble, but a little better.

27. Sat

Reading & Studying. I am still better.

28. Sab

Preached at Bethel-much fatigued.

29. Mon

A restless night. In bed till noon.

30. Tues

Still unwell-rose at 10 a.m.

31. Wed

Asthma a little better. Preached at A. Gardner's a funeral discourse on the death of their Son William who was killed in Battle in May last.

September, 1864

September 1. Thurs

Reading.

2. Fri

Asthma-rose at 10 a.m. Studying a little.

3. Sat

Asthma still-finished hauling manure on the hill field. N. Burwell here all night.

4. Sab

Better-weak. Preached at Bethel. Some liberty.

5. Mon

Asthma-rose at 11 a.m. Went to Reverend M^r Crawford, near death, I suppose. He is in a happy frame of mind. Heavy rain in the night & toward morning.

Septr. 6. Tues

Asthma still. Rained moderately all day. Unwell-reading a little.

7. Wed

Asthma, but better. Reading etc.

8. Thurs

I was so unwell & the day so wet I could not go to Presbytery.

9. Fri

M^rs M^c Farland & I went to Mount Carmel to Presbytery Spent the night at M^r Donnells.

10. Sat

Attended Presbytery I returned to M^r Donnell's, and M^rs M^c Farland went to James M^cClure's.

11. Sab

Spent a feverish night-very unwell all day. Spent a bad night at Ballard Smith's. I think it is inflammation of the Diaphragm that gives me so much pain. Applied Mustard poultices.

12. Mon

Dined at William F. Smith's-Home.

13. Tues

Still suffering. Rose about noon. Reverend M^r Stuart & wife & daughter dined here.

14. Wed

Had a bad night but am a little better. Did not rise till near 3 p.m.

15. Thurs

Very unwell this morning-sent for D^r. Tate-he came-better in the evening-in bed all day. Had Colonel Derricks horse shod all round.

16. Fri

Had one of the most distressing nights of my life from Asthma, today better-in bed all day.

17. Sat

Better. Rose at 8 a.m. Studying a little.

18. Sab

Preached at Bethel in great weakness.

19. Mon

Reading & working. I am better. Received a most affectionate letter from General Patterson.

20.

Reading & working-pretty well.

21. Wed

Reading & working. A fine rain at night.

Sept. 22, 1864. Thurs

It rained all last night. Reading etc.

23. Fri

Reading & studying a little. Colonel Derrick's Servant came here with the sad intelligence that he and nearly all his Battalion & Brigade were taken prisoners on Monday last near Winchester.

24. Sat

Studying-dull. A Shower.

25. Sab

News came that the enemy were near Staunton. Went to Bethel-no Congregation returned.

26. Mon

Spent much time hiding property. Sent my horses to A.F. Humphreys'. Rumors of a large Cavalry force of the enemy in Staunton. May the Lord protect us.

27. Tues

The Enemy still in Staunton. Pickets out.

28. Wed

We hear that the enemy have left Staunton.

29. Thurs

The enemy's cavalry came back through Staunton, & took the road to Spring Hill-were routed.

30. Fri

Had my horses brought home.

October, 1864

October 1. Sat

A good Rain. Studying.

2. Sab

Clear. Preached at Bethel to 30 or 40 hearers.

3. Mon

Much rain. Visited Lizzie Wilson-has fever. D^r. Humphreys spent the night with us.

4. Tues

Reading etc. D^r. Humprheys went to visit the Army.

5. Wed

Went to Greenville. Dined at M^r Newtons & Called to see M^rs Mollie Bumgarner. D^r. Humphreys here.

6. Thurs

Attending to various things. M^r Larew here.

7. Fri

Reading. Finished plowing for wheat.

8. Sat

Studying & working. Very cool.

9. Sab

Preached at Bethel-frost in some places. The day quite cold.

Octr. 10th 1864. Mon

Had an uncomfortable night. Rose at 9 a.m. Reading & preparing for Synod.

11. Tues

at 7.15' a.m. Left home-dimed at James Gilkeson's in Brownsburg-reached Colonel Reid's at Sunset.

12. Wed

Reverend A. Hart opened Synod-no business done.

13. Thurs

A scene of great Interest in receiving our New-School Brethren-an excellent spirit prevailed. Dined at Reverend John Miller's.

14. Fri 15. Sat

attending Synod, but the eruption distressing.

16. Sab

D^r. Reid preached-I introduced the Communion & M^r Price & D^r. Brown assisted.

17. Mon

Synod adjourned at 2 p.m. I came to M^r Patton's.

18. Tues

Called to see James Smith just returned from Fort Delaware. Came home. Eruption harrassing.

19. Wed

Reading & preparing to go to the Springs.

20. Thurs

Took Zeke to bring back my horse & rode to Crawford's Springs, but could not be accommodated at Brinkley's, & was invited to stay at David Kunkle's, which I did, & was treated with great kindness. They sent for the water but it had neither taste nor smell of sulfur but twice. I therefore think it has done me less good than usual. Suffered much.

Preached on the Sabbath at the School-house, for the Methodist minister, M^r Rippetoe. Friday came home. M^r Kunkle, in addition to all kindness, presented we $25.

29. Sat

Eruption still troublesome. Studying a little.

30. Sab

Preached at Bethel. Eruption better.

31. Mon

Reading & variously employed. Legs better.

November, 1864

November 1. Tues

M^rs M^c Farland & I visited Major Newton, whose leg was amputated, & D^r. Tate, who was sick.

Nov. 2d 1864. Wed

Snow & then rain. Reading. I wrote to James. Eruption much better.

3. Thurs

Feel very dull. Studying. A drizzling rain.

4. Fri

Studying-Reading & writing. High wind.

5. Sat

Studying. D^r. Tate here.

6. Sab

Preached at Bethel. Preparation Sabbath Solemn attention.

7. Mon

Reading. D^r. Humphreys came to see Mary Lou.

8. Tues

Visited Colonel Wilson & Lizzie: both a little better.

9. Wed

Reuben Lambert putting props against my house.

10. Thurs

Mending my Buggy & Studying.

11. Fri

Preached at Bethel. Nathaniel Bent came & his woman Hannah who is to stay with us.

12. Sat

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation M^r. John Hamilton came home with us & I paid a Note for $70 which his son Lieutenant John E. Hamilton held on my Son RobertPatterson M^cFarland for a silver Lever Watch bought of him.

13. Sab

Reverend S.D. Stuart preached a good SerMonday I performed all the Communion Service. Two very interesting additions-Archibald Sproul & Lettitia M. Tate. A pleasant Communion Very cold. M^r Stuart & wife spent the night with us.

14. Mon

Received of the public Salt 100 pounds at 30 cents.

15. Tues

Day of special prayer appointed by President Davis. a good Congregation I trust the Lord will answer in mercy.

16. Thurs

Preached at the Funeral of Colonel William Wilson, aged 71 1/2 yrs. a good citizen & a kind neighbor.

17. Fri

Mary Lewis & I went to Staunton on business. Dined at Arnold's-came home in a heavy rain.

Nov. 19, 1864. Sat

Studying a little. Nathaniel Bent came.

20. Sab

Went to Bethel-only 14 hearers. Two Elders prayed & I lectured extempore on Psalm 63. Rain-unpleasant.

21. Mon

Rained all day. Reading & writing.

22. Tues

One inch of snow last night. Working & writing. Cold.

23. Wed

Finished preparing the Minutes of Synod for the press.

24. Thurs

Reading & writing.

25. Fri

Reading, writing & working.

26. Sat

Working & studying.

27. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a moderate Congregation

28. Mon

Sent Nathaniel Bent to Staunton on his way to Farmville. I was repairing the wheelbarrow.

I sent the Minutes of Synod for the press by Nathaniel Bent.

29. Tues

Working. Lieutenant Frank Wood & D^r. Crawford here.

30. Wed

Visited Major Newton, Alexander Brownlee, James M^cClung, M^rs Gilkeson. Spent the night at R.T. Wallace's.

December, 1864

Dec. 1. Thurs

Visited John M^cClure's & John M^cClure J^r. (Wounded) M^rs Patterson, Margaret M. Tate's & James Bumgarners & came home.

2. Fri

Studying.

3. Sat

Studying, but am very dull.

4. Sab

Preached at Bethel on the Sanctification of the Sabbath by Order of Synod. Took a Collection for Domestic Missions

5. Mon

Reading. Wrote to James.

6. Tues

Visited at J. Bumgarner's, J. Larew's & Hays'

7. Wed

At home-very dull. Corn all husked & in the barn.

8. Thurs

Reading. Cold. Zeke helping Plunkit to butcher.

9. Fri

Very cold. At 4 p.m. began to snow. 4 inches fell.

10. Sat

Studying.

11. Sab

Preached at Bethel, the day cold-few hearers.

Dec. 12. Mon

Reading. Day Very cold.

13. Tues

At home-reading.

14. Wed

Day mild. Called at M^r Gardner's, the Post Office & at Wilson's. A letter from Francis.

15. Thurs

Not well. Killed 4 hogs = Weight 716 pounds

16. Fri

Reading.

17. Sat

Studying.

18. Sab

Began to rain in the night & rain or drizzle all day-damp & chilly-did not go to Bethel.

19. Mon

Reading. Day mild.

20. Tues

Working. M^r Rhodes took away the tithe of my hay = two wagon loads.

Captain Roberts came this evening & bought Julia of Mary Lewis for $4,000.

21. Wed

This morning, when I was dressing, M^rs M^cFarland & Mary Lou rushed into my room & Julia following them in an insane rage with an axe. I seized the poker & ran out & Rhoda & Liz were holding Julia & trying to get the axe from her which she was holding up over her head & trying to get at us. Rhoda cried to me to get out of the way, which I did & locked the door believing I could not contend with her & the axe. They got the axe from her & took her to the kitchen. I sent for M^r M^c Pheeters & he & Captain Roberts came & tied her & I sent her in the Waggon to Staunton and M^r M^c Pheeters had her put in Jail.

This has been a distressing day to us all, but Blessed be God who preserved all our lives. And I feel much indebted to the other servants whose fidelity has been instrumental in saving our lives.

Decr. 22. Thurs

Intensely cold. Could do nothing.

23. Fri

Intensely cold. Find I cannot hire Zeke, James Swink & M^r Towberman both want him.

24. Sat

Cold less severe. Frank went to Greenville. I sent Miss Tabby Dotson an order on B. M^cClung for 70 pounds of Flour for carding & spinning 3 pounds of Merino wool. Got shoes for Rhoda & Liz. I rode to Wilson's.

25. Sab

Preached at Bethel. Congregation Good for the times.

26. Mon

Went to Staunton-roads very bad. Paid taxes, amounting to $412.73. Also Mary's Taxes $181.20.

27. Tues

At home. Unwell.

28. Wed

Still unwell. Mary went to Staunton. Rain.

29. Thurs

Last night at dark began to snow, 5 inches fell. Wrote to D^r. B.B. Donaghe that I would take Jefferson hire to be fixed when we find what labor he can do. Sent Frank to tell Jeff that I had hired him.

30. Fri

Studying. Jeff whom I have hired came to see me. Lieutenant Peery of the 23 Battalion here.

31. Sat

Studying. Snow fell about 4 inches.

1865

January, 1865

Jan. 1. Sab

The day cold. Preached at Bethel to a small Congregation On the Lord's controversy with us as a nation.

Glory be to God that at my advanced age I enjoy so much health. My beloved wife enjoys so much excellent health. Mary Lewis is well & her son Frank. Mary Lou still suffering somewhat from her spinal affliction-uses crutches but is better. My Son Francis is in Richmond Reporting the proceedings of Congress for the Richmond Enquirer etc. Robert I trust is in heaven. James, alas, is a Prisoner in Fort Delaware since May last, but all our information is that he enjoys good health & spirits. D^r Humphreys is well, & his two children are here on a visit, & very well.

2. Mon

Day a little milder. Quietly at home all day. Reading.

3. Tues

Began to snow about noon. William A. Humphreys came with the sad news that John P. M^cClure died today.

4. Wed

The day so cold I could not go to preach at the Funeral of John P. M^cClure. Jerusha & Robert M^c Pheeters here.

5. Thurs

At home. M^r Henderson brought his threshing Machine here.

6. Fri

Rained moderately all day-thick fog. Feel very dull. Reading.

7. Sat

Unwell-rose at 10 a.m. Better. Preparing for the Sabbath.

8. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation although the day was very cold & the roads very bad. This is my birth day-I am 77 years old. Blessed be God that at this advanced age he gives me the powers of body and mind that enables me to preach Christ with, I believe, a good degree of acceptance.

Jan. 9. 1865. Mon

Went to M^r James Bumgarner's to got a Boy to help to thresh & get wood. M^rs Eleanor Patterson died this evening.

10. Tues

It rained so I could not go to preach at the Funeral of M^rs Elinor Patterson-a choice Christian & dear Friend.

M^r Henderson & three hands came & threshed out my wheat. M^r Bumgarner's Frank & Rosen, Joe & Lewis Mater & John Murkley also.

11. Wed

Not well. Reading.

12. Thurs

Engaged as yesterday.

13. Fri

Reading & working. Hauled 7 loads of wood.

14. Sat

Studying. Thermometer fell all day. Cold-high wind.

15. Sab

Took cold yesterday. In my study, & spent a restless & uncomfortable night & this morning not well enough to leave my bed. All afternoon & alas, disappointed a good Congregation

16. Mon

I am better today but feeble-able to do but little; a letter from James-thanks be to God, he was well the last of November.

17. Tues

I am more unwell-could not read but little.

18. Wed

Not so well. Working a little. Another letter from James, is well.

19. Thurs

Working-mending the wheat-fan. Cold. I am poorly.

20. Fri

Working & reading. I am rather better.

21. Sat

M^r Lockridge came with a six mule team & got a load of straw for the Government which I promised a M^r Wright letter.

It has rained or hailed & sleeted all day & froze on the trees, that now at 8 p.m. they are crashing. I have seen few such days.

Finished cleaning wheat: had 86 Bushels This with 15 for seed = 101 Bushels Had only six Bushels of Oats-had used a little crop 8 or 10 Bushels

22. Sab

The day very gloomy-ground covered with ice & the trees loaded. I thought it unsafe to ride, and thought noone would go to Bethel & I did not go. M^r Gilkeson called.

Jan. 23. Mon

Rained much. Reading. Received the first Number of the Daily Sentinel, date January 21^st subscribed for six months.

24. Tues

Not well-rested badly. Day very cold. Reading.

25. Wed

Very Cold. Sallie Gilkeson was here last night.

26. Thurs

So cold I can do nothing.

27. Fri

Still colder.

28. Sat

Cold & still can do nothing.

29. Sab

A little moderated. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation for the day.

30. Mon

Rested badly, not well today, rose at 9 a.m.

31. Tues

I am better M^rs Trevey, Lizzie & Mary Pilson & Miss Steele spent the day here. Mary Lewis took David & Theda to M^r Wallace.

February, 1865

February 1. Wed

Resting & working. Mary returned.

2. Thurs

Cold. Reading. Sent a letter to Francis.

3. Fri

A little Snow-started to rain & froze. Reading. Able commissioners have gone to Washington to negotiate about peace. Alas! I have not the slightest hope from the temper of our enemies, that anything will be accomplished. May God bless the effort.

4. Sat

I am not well-rested badly. Trying to study.

5. Sab

Not well. M^rs McFarland & I went to Bethel. She had not been there since the Sabbath before Christmas. Day very cold-a pretty good Congregation

6. Mon

I am better. Letter from D^r. William Brown.

7. Tues

It began to snow about 1 a.m. & continued all day. Working.

8. Wed

Very cold. M^r A. Gardner here-I paid him Zeke's hire $300.00 Paid also my Postage account in full for last year.

9. Thurs

Reading etc. Day very cold.

10. Fri

A little milder. Reading.

11. Sat

I am quite unwell today-not able to study.

12. Sab

Spent a restless night-did not rise till near 1 p.m. Could not go to Bethel. The thermometer fell regularly till the afternoon.

13. Mon

The coldest morning for 9 years -12. The day piercing cold. Rained well.

14. Tues

A little moderated. I continue very unwell.

Feb. 15, 1865.

Spent a bad night. Took physick. Rose in the afternoon.

16. Thurs

Still very feeble & unwell. Sent Francis' trunk to Staunton.

17. Fri

More unwell-very uneasy. At 10 a.m. began to snow & it continued to fall fast all day.

18. Sat

had a bad night & Still very unwell-headache & backache.

19. Sab

More unwell. Sent for D^r Tate-he came. Thinks my attack rather of the nature of Bronchitis than Pneumonia. Finished burning my Chest with mustard etc.

20. Mon

No better. The cold weather bad for me.

21. Tues

My health no better today. In the morning I felt better-worse in the evening. M^r Gilkeson & Pilson & D^r. Tate here-too much company for me.

22. Wed

More comfortable in the morning-evening worse.

23. Thurs

Spent a wretched night & this one of my very worst days-nervous symptoms predominate.

24. Fri

Not so well-sent for D^r Tate-he thinks me better. M^r Gilkeson here General R. Lilley came & spent the night with us. He is a noble young man-eminently pious.

25. Sat

More depressed this morning than heretofore. In the course of the day rallied much.

26. Sab

Rested better than the previous night. Not so much depressed this morning-better through the day-Glory to God. No preaching at Bethel now for three Sabbaths. Alas!

27. Mon

Rather better. D^r. Tate came. D^r Humphreys came & spent the night. I am suffering with nervousness & headache.

28. Tues

Spent a very sick & restless night from the use of Ipecac. Lizzie Wilson, D^r Hammond and M^rs Henderson here.

March, 1865

March 1, 1865. Wed

A very gloomy day. I am much better, rested pretty well last night. Medicine did well.

It is said the Yankees are Coming up the Valley, 8000 men. I trust me & mine to the protection of our God.

2. Thurs

Very gloomy & raining & cold. Had to send Frank & Jefferson away with our horses. The enemy said to be in & near Staunton. Family busy arranging. I am some better-appetite good.

3. Fri

Still gloomy & raining but indications of clearing. Jeff got home last night. There was skirmishing & fighting with the enemy yesterday at 2 p.m. near the [illeg.] Waynesboro could hear the Cannonading distinctly. I learn the Yankees all left Staunton last night, but have their camp 2 to 3 miles below towards Fisherville. I think I am improving and gaining Strength.

4. Sat

Had my clothes on 2 1/2 hours. The first time for 2 weeks. Jeff went to get news-heard the Yankees had defeated Early badly-taken 1500 prisoners & part of his artillery. They are now from Fisherville to Rockfish Gap.

5. Sab

Rested pretty well & am better-sat up 2 1/2 hours. Another lonely Sabbath people scattered with their horses etc. The report is that the enemy have crossed the Blueridge & today sent 1000 to 1200 prisoners down the Valley from Staunton.

March 6, 1865. Mon

Slept non last night, till after 1 a.m. I am better & stronger today-up around 5 p.m. D^r Tate came to see me. It is reported that General Johnston has defeated Sherman-important for our cause if true. D^r Humphreys William Gilkeson & John Withrow dined here on their way in search of Negroes & stolen horses, heard that it was not true that Johnston had defeated Sherman.

7. Tues

Rested pretty well, am still better. Jeff went for the horses.

8. Wed

I am still improving. Last night Frank & Jeff returned with the horses. Rose at 8 1/2 a.m. Retired at 7 1/2 p.m.

9. Thurs

I was so nervous. I rested badly & feel badly today. Rose at 8 1/2 a.m. Up 11 hours.

10. Fri

Rested much better, but feel weak. This the day of the National Fasting, Prayer & Thanksgiving, alas, I am not able to go to Bethel. I have aided in all similar occasions. All the family went but me. May the Lord be with them. I am glad to learn there was a good Congregation & 4 prayers.

11. Sat

Slept well & feel much better-Blessed be God.

The joyful intelligence has just reached us that James, our son, so long a prisoner, is now in Richmond. Glory to God.

12. Sab

Unable to go to Bethel-they held a Prayer meeting. [Reported that the Yankees were defeated on Friday & are now returning but we know not by what route.] Not true.

March 12th. Sab continued.

This morning, about dark our beloved James reached home to our great joy, and in good health. Glory be to God who has heard and thus graciously answered our prayers.

13. Mon

I am much better today than since I was confined. I rose & breakfasted with the family for the first time.

14. Tues

I continue to improve. The warm weather favors me.

15. Wed

A fine rain. Reading. I am gaining strength.

16. Thurs

I spent a most uncomfortable night. Rose at 11 a.m. Am very feeble & unwell an unfortunate backset. Day sultry & showery. I am truly delighted that in my absence my son James asks a blessing at the Table & conducts Family Worship. Glory to God.

17. Fri

I have not improved since yesterday, though I rested better last night. Did not rise till 11 a.m.

18. Sat

Rested pretty well. Rose at 9 a.m. I am somewhat better.

19. Sab

Slept well, but, alas, too feeble & unwell to go to Bethel. all the family went-day fine, & a good Congregation

20. Mon

I slept pretty well, but am by no means well. Rose at 8 a.m. Taking Mercury & Chalk. James went to Churchville for Jeans.

21. Tues

Vernal Equinox. Rained all the afternoon. Took Salts.

22. Wed

More unwell-rose at 2 p.m. but had to lie on the sofa.

23. Thurs

Still more unwell-in bed all day. Planted potatoes in the Garden. Began to plow for corn.

24. Fri

No better. Sent for D^r. Tate. In bed all day.

March 25, 1865. Sat

Slept sufficiently, but I am more unwell this morning, better in the afternoon. D^r. Tate came, advises more mercury & chalk. Sent Frank to Staunton for them. M^r Stuart to preach tomorrow.

26. Sab

M^r Stuart spent the night here and preached at Bethel today to a good Congregation I am better, but in bed all day.

27. Mon

Cold morning. I am better-rose after dinner & dressed & sat up & reclined till after supper. Received the gratifying news that General Joseph E. Johnston had gained a signal victory in North Carolina near Raleigh over General Sherman. If so, God be praised.

28. Tues

Did not rest well. Rose at 10 a.m.-up till 6 1/2 p.m.

29. Wed

Rested well. Rose at 9 a.m. Reading all day. Up till 7 p.m.

30. Thurs

I am gaining strength. Rose at 7 1/2 a.m. A good rain fell from about midnight till some time in the afternoon.

I have read with a good degree of interest the Journal of Tyerman & Hennet-finished it this evening.

31. Fri

I am improving-Up 13 hours. M^r Pilson & Colonel Turk came to see me. Sent to H.H. Lyle's foundary for a new Plow-paid 6 1/2 dollars, in Specie. He kindly sent me three extra shears.

April, 1865

April 1. Sat

Began to plow for Oats in the Orchard. Samuel & John Pilson spent the day here. Brainard M^cClung the night.

2. Sab

Rose to breakfast. With some fears I went Bethel. M^r Stuart preached a good Sermon on the "Rich Fool"-Took a collection for circulating the Central Presbyterian in the Army. Came home fatigued.

April 3. Mon

Cleaned the Dining room Clock. Sowed Clover & Timothy seed on the Hill Field.

4. Tues

I am comfortable-reading. Mary & James visiting.

5. Wed

The sad intelligence has reached us that Richmond has been abandoned to the enemy! The communication was so obstructed that General Lee's army could not get supplies. The last rumor is not reliable: General A.P. Hill said to be killed.

6. Thurs

Exciting rumors afoot that a Yankee force of 12,000 men are coming up the Valley & are within some 50 miles of Staunton. James went to Staunton to get the news. General Lomax's Division is said to be skirmishing with them & falling back. The news from Richmond is very sad-may God protect his people & my poor Son.

7. Fri

The Enemy down the Valley have fallen back to Cedar Creek. It seems the fighting near Richmond has been very terrible & the loss tremendous. M^rs McFarland & James went to visit at M^r Kunkle's.

8. Sat

M^r Benjamin F. M^c Clung came to get flour for the Army. I let him have four Barrels-the Government give $400 per Barrel in an order on the Treasury where I presume there is no money. My bowels are a good deal disordered today-mucus passages.

9. Sab

I took medicine last night & am better. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation People seem sad & many desponding.

10. Mon

Not well. Reading. Rumoured that Lynchburg has fallen.

11. Tues

My bowels still disordered-took salts & Ipecac.

The Startling intelligence has reached us that General R.E. Lee for want of amunition & provisions had to surrender his whole army on last Sunday morning to General Grant. This will probably close the war.

1865. April 12. Wed

The news is that General Joseph E. Johnston surrendered his army 8 days before General Lee surrendered. This makes it still more certain that we are conquered.

13. Thurs

I am better. Reading & studying.

14. Fri

Studying. Sowed 8 Bushels of Oats on the West end of the Orchard.

15. Sat

I suffered with a "stitch" in my breast this morning & had to apply mustard. Was too unwell to go to Bethel, but the heavy rain prevented a Congregation from assembling. James went & found noone there. Nathaniel & William Bent came this morning on their way to Winchester.

16. Sab

Lord's Supper administered. Reverend S.D. Stuart Preached. No additions. I am much Better today. A large number of Soldiers returned from the Army present. It was a pleasant meeting.

17. Mon

James took the two M^r Bents to Staunton with their Baggage in my wagon. Sent 75 pounds of Flour, and about 5 lbs of Butter to Reverend M^r Stuart, who has been kind in preaching for me. M^r Pilson here this evening.

18. Tues

Reading & working. James went to M^cClung's Mill.

19. Wed

Ditto A rumour has reached us that President Lincoln & Secretary Seward have been Assassinated. They certainly deserved to die, but it is sad that death came in that form, & that they should be plunged into eternity with so much blood on their souls. Do not feel able to go to Presbytery.

20. Thurs

Reading and working.

21. Fri

Empoyed putting a Lock of the Cellar door. Studying.

22. Sat

Studying.

Apl. 23. Sab

Preached at Bethel in my usual manner, without much fatigue. A pretty good & attentive Congregation

24. Mon

Still a sense of fatigue. Reading.

25. Tues

Planting Corn in the Northwest field. Reading.

26. Wed

Finished planting corn. I was working.

27. Thurs

Plowing for Sorghum & Potatoes North of the house. Reading etc.

28. Fri

Finished the plowing. Studying.

29. Sat

A shower. Reverend Henry Brown spent the night here, had walked from the M^cNutts to preach to us, having heard that I was sick & did not know that I was able to preach.

30. Sab

M^r Brown preached well, on the recognition of our friends in the future world. He went to preaching Middlebrook.

May, 1865

May 1. Mon

Planting Sorghum. I was reading.

2. Tues

Planting Potatoes North of the house. Reading.

3. Wed

Went to George Rosens & Dined at M^r Gilkesons.

4. Thurs

Brought home from M^cClung's Mill nearly seven Barrels of Flour. Sheared our sheep.

5. Fri

Reading & working. An excellent Rain. James paid Miss Abney for Seven new Flour Barrels at 37 1/2 cents each in Specie $2.62 1/2

6. Sat Sat

The warmest day since last August. Studying.

7. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good & attentive Congregation

May 8th 1865. Mon

M^r David Kunkle & wife here. D^r Humphreys came from a Political meeting in Staunton.

9. Tues

A good rain. At home. Working & reading.

10. Wed

Feel very languid. Reading.

11. Thurs

A little better. Studying. Moses repairing fences. Heavy rain.

12. Fri

As yesterday. Studying.

13. Sat

Studying.

14. Sab

Preached at Bethel. Congregation thin subject our duty now to the UnitedStates as Christian citizens.

15. Mon

Went & got some work done at Lightners shop. Dined at M^rs Smith's-got a supply of leather-called at M^r Burch's, M^r Brownlee's, M^r Templetons & M^r Merritt's & came home-fatigued.

16. Tues

Felt much fatigue. Working, sent for to preach at the Funeral of a child of M^r Tints Cooles in Greenville. James went today & was paroled by Captain Wilson.

17. Wed

Dined at M^r Merritt's. Preached at M^r Newton's at the funeral of M^r Coole's child-came home excessively fatigued.

18. Thurs

Still feel fatigued. Reading & working.

19. Fri

Studying, showers.

20. Sat

Studying. A fine shower.

21. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation with some liberty.

22. Mon

Working and reading.

23. Tue.

Working.

24. Wed

Reading. Harrowing Corn.

1865. May 25. Thurs

Working. Reverend J.S. Blain & Susan Blain Came & spent the day & night. Finished harrowing corn.

26. Fri

Rained much in the night & nearly all day. Cold and disagreeable. M^r Blain & daughter stayed all day. I could not set out for New Providence.

27. Sat

M^r Blain & Susan left us. The morning so cool & damp & my health so feeble, I felt constrained to decline going to New Providence. Sent an appointment to preach in Greenville tomorrow.

28. Sab

Went to Greenville-heard the Reverend M^r Gaver of the Methodist Church, preach. I preached at 3 p.m. The Congregation large & attentive. Came home.

29. Mon

Rested badly. Reading.

30. Tues

Went to Mint Spring & met Nathaniel Bent in the stage.

31. Wed

Studying. Finished going over our corn the 2^nd time.

June, 1865

June 1. Thurs

Sent 15 Bushels of wheat to mill-have then now 35 Bushels to be ground.

2. Fri

Went to Staunton in my Buggy-James with me on horseback. Sold my Flour to M^rs Bolin at $8.00 per Barrel in Greenbacks. Brought 3 Bunches Cotton Yarn, numbers 10, 11. 12 at $3. per Bunch also 10 yards shirting Cotton at 42 cents Dined at Colonel Tate's. Came home fatigued.

3. Sat

Spent a suffering night-breakfast in bed. Studying. Miss S. Henry & Lizzie Wallace & Lizzie Wilson here.

1865. June 4. Sab

Preached at Bethel with some liberty to a large & attentive Congregation Received a letter from Francis who has returned to Richmond. Thank God that he is safe.

5. Mon

Sent six Barrels of flour to Staunton. Reading.

6. Tues

At home Reading. Rode to William Hall's.

7. Wed

Heard that M^r John Shumaker was very ill. I went to see him, but found he had died before day of Bileous choic.

8. Thurs

Spent an uncomfortable night. Breakfasted in bed. Sent 7 barrels more flour to Staunton. M^r Blain & Susan here.

9. Fri

Not well. M^r & Miss Blain left us. Plowing Corn. Rain. Reverend Chaplain Little of the Yankee Army, 1^st Virginia Regiment here.

10. Sat

M^r Little sick-stayed all day. Another good rain.

11. Sab

M^r Joseph Little left us, well. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation for the day.

(10. Sat

The colored woman Caroline began to work for us at 50 cents per week.

12. Mon

Feel extremely feeble. Reading a little.

13. Tues

No stronger. Wrote to Reverend William Pinkerton, decling to go to preach a Funeral Sermon for M^cClung Patton-Also wrote to D^r. A. Leyburn, Resigning my office of Trustee of Washington College. Finished plowing corn the second time. Reading.

14. Wed

The ground too wet to cultivate. Working & reading.

15. Thurs

Working & Reading. M^rs McFarland & I visited M^rs Faber.

June 15th. Thurs Continued.

A simple kind of man, who said his name was Hamilton, came to my study-said he felt a considerable interest in Religion & approved of the Presbyterian doctrine & had been immersed & believed he was converted & his sins pardoned last August. He seemed very much to desire to have Bible although he said they had one at home. He wanted the one on my study table which I told him I could not spare. I gave him a Testament & told him, I thought Bibles could soon be obtained. I had to leave the room a moment, & directly he came out with his coat wrapped close around him & went away. Shortly after I missed my Bible-he undoubtedly stole it.

16. Fri

Reading & studying. James spent last night in Staunton. He brought me perhaps 1 1/2 lbs of sugar, 1 lb. ground Coffee, & a bottle of Extract of J. Ginger & a paper of Farina & a number of Newspapers, sent me by Chaplain Joseph Little of the 1^st Virginia Regiment Yankee.

17. Sat

Plowing Corn & Sorghum.

18. Sab

Preached at Bethel with some liberty to a very large Congregation

19. Mon

Unwell this morning. Feeble. Reading a little.

20. Tues

I have a distressing Cough of long continuance. Working.

21. Wed

Better. Working.

1865. June 22. Thurs

Unwell-Reading.

23. Fri

Spent a distressing night with Asthma. I think I have not had it for a year past. Today quite unwell. Did not rise till 9 1/2 O'clock, bad head ache-could read but little.

24. Sat

Rested better, but can study very little.

25. Sab

Rested badly, asthmatic & feeble. Preached at Bethel 30 minutes to a good & attentive Congregation Prisoners nearly all home.

26. Mon

Not well. Rain. Cannot plow Corn. M^rs McFarland & James went to M^r Blackwoods on a visit & returned.

27. Tues

Began to cut wheat. This morning early, Liz, being now free, left us without making it known to any of the white family. A foolish negro.

I spent a distressing night with coughing: did not rise till 8 a.m. Went to bed again at 2 p.m. Applied Mustard to my breast.

28. Wed

Sent to M^r Bumgarner's for Mary-she is not able to come home-nervous. I had another bad night; taking salts & Ipecac-head ache-in bed all day. Delightful weather. James, Jeff & Frank harvesting wheat.

29. Thurs

Another bad night with asthma. Cutting wheat. In bed all day except from 4 to 5 p.m. Nasal defluxion.

30. Fri

Finished cutting wheat-100 dozen Had a very feverish night. Sent for D^r. Churchman could not come-weaker today.

July, 1865

1865. July 1. Sat

No better. D^r. Churchman did not come & I sent for D^r Wilson, he came. Says I have Bronchitis badly in both lungs. Left me some powders-Mercury & chalk, Ipecac & Quinine.

2. Sab

No better. Wrote a note to the session to press for the supply of the pulpit, as I did not know when I could if ever, I am not suffering much, but my lungs are oppressed & I am getting weaker. Pulse through the night 100 or more & hard. In the day gets down to 84 to 90.

3. Mon

Hauled in our Wheat. I rested better, have little fever, but much prostrated. D^r Humphreys came to see me. He speaks favorably of my case. M^r Pilson, Blackwood & Merritt came to see me about procuring a supply for the pulpit.

4. Tues

I am still improving, Thanks be to God. D^r. Watson came-left mercriat of Iron & quinine. Reverend E. Thomas, James Calhoon, F.M. Gilkeson, Sally Gilkeson & Jerusha M^cPheeters came to see me.

5. Wed

Not so well. A.F. Humphreys & wife-also Liz. Wilson Miss Mary Lizzie Larew & Miss Mary Pringle. Mowing.

6. Thurs

Rested well. Better. M^rs Faber, M^rs King & M^rs Christian came to see me. Mowing.

1865. July 7. Fri

Better. About 11 a.m. put on my Clothes-up till near 3 p.m. Appetite good. M^rs James Henderson here-also M^rs C. Wright & Miss Polly Larew. James went to Staunton & bought two sythe snaths at one dollar each. Mowing.

8. Sat

Still better-dressed at 9 a.m. & up till 7 p.m. Mowing.

9. Sab

Better-rose at 8 a.m. & up till 7 p.m. M^rs M^cFarland staid at home with me-others went to Bethel. Reverend M^r Houston preached to a good Congregation

10. Mon

Somewhat asthmatic. Rose at 8 a.m. Up till 8 p.m. Day rainy & gloomy-thick fog. Sold M^r Plunket a Barrel of Flour

11. Tues

Had a very bad night with Asthma & feel very badly today. Working a little & reading. Mowing.

12. Wed

Rested pretty well. Mowing. 4 hands half a day.

13. Thurs

I improve in health very slowly. Four hands mowing and making hay.

14. Fri

Asthmatic this morning. I continue very feeble. Same hands mowing & making hay. Finished cutting front meadow.

15. Sat

Had Asthma badly-sat up bolstered in bed all night. Rose at 3.45' a.m. & made a fire. I feel great exhaustion. Finished our mowing. Had Morgan shod all round.

16. Sab

Asthma badly again. Too weak to go to Bethel. The white family all went. M^r Houston preached & came here to dinner, and then went to preach at Mint Spring.

July 17. Mon

Rained nearly night. I still have Asthma. Sat up & reclined on the sofa till 1 a.m. then went to bed till morning, but had to rise early & kindle a fire. Had asthma all day.

18. Tues

Spent most of the night reclining on the Sofa. After daybreak went to bed. Asthma through the day. Hauling hay into the barn.

19. Wed

Out of bed till 2 a.m.-then so unwell had to lie down. Did not rise till noon-feel badly. Hauling in hay.

20. Thurs

In bed all night-slept pretty well-bad headache this a.m. Hauling in hay. Asthma much abated, but I am very weak.

21. Fri

Rested pretty well, but feel much debility. Hauling hay.

22. Sat

Night oppressively warm. Rested pretty well. James went to a Picnic at Christian's Creek School House.

23. Sab

Feel much debility. I ventured to go to Bethel. M^r Houston preached to a large Congregation I came home much fatigued, but I think not injured. Glory to God.

24. Mon

I feel stronger today. Reading Newspapers.

25. Tues

Cutting Oats. James & Frank went to the mountain.

26. Wed

Rode to M^r Hendersons. Finished cutting Oats. Reading.

27. Thurs

Did not rest. Reluctantly set out for Greenville, M^rs M^c Farland with me-stayed at William F. Smith's M^r John Newton came down & administered to me the Oath of Amnesty to authorize me to solemnize Marriage. In the evening at 8 O'clock

1865. July 27. Thur (continued).

I solemnized Marriage between Matthew Thompson M^cClure & Sarah Catherine Bumgardner. A pleasant company there.

28. Friday

Rode out to see M^r James M^cClung, who is very low-prayed with him-returned to Greenville & dined at M^rs Graham's staid till 4 p.m. & came home. Found Reverend John S. Blain here. Reverend M^r Stuart spent yesterday at my house.

29. Sat

Not so comfortable today-could read but little. Pain in my side troublesome-applied mustard.

30. Sab

So unwell did not rise till 1 p.m. & went to bed again a little after 5. Applied mustard to my side again & felt relieved for some hours, but the pain returned. The white family all went to Church-M^r Houston they say preached well. Day cool.

31. Mon

Rained nearly all day. I in bed all day. Side worse-sent for D^r. Tate-he came & prescribed Mercury & chalk with Ipecac Salts. Warm applications.

August, 1865

August 1. Tues

A bad night-no better-in bed still. D^r. William Brown mad us a pleasant visit.

2. Wed

D^r. Brown left us. M^r Pilson came to see me.

3. Thurs

Another suffering night. Sent for D^r. Tate-he came & renewed the former prescription. Applied dry hops.

4. Fri

No change for the better. M^r Preston preached at Bethel today & came to see me.

5. Sat

Last night was one of great suffering & today I suffer pain almost constantly.

Reverend Henry Brown preached at Bethel today & came here, also M^r Preston & D^r. Humphreys. D^r Tate came & he & D^r. Humphreys conferred about my case.

6. Sab

I do not remember ever to have passed such a night of pain as last night.

Today the Lord's Supper was administered at at Bethel-Reverend S.D. Stuart preached & Reverend H. Brown administered the Ordinance. Alas, I was not able to be there. M^rs McFarland staid with me.

7. Mon

Suffering not quite so intense last night, but I am no better today. I am sorely afflicted.

8. Tues

A worse night still-feel badly today, but the character of my disease has not changed, & there is no abatement of the symptoms.

9.

Last night my sufferings were terrible-the worst night yet-easier through the day-but pain constant.

1865. Aug. 10. Thurs

Last night applied Cloroform and oil to my side which relieved me of pain & I have had but little since. Glory be to God, I am better in other respects. Mary went to the Springs.

11. Fri

Last the pain returned & toward morning was severe-my rest was much broken, but today I am in a great measure free from pain.

12. Sat

Felt some pain all night but could sleep. But little pain today, but not comfortable.

13. Sab

Some pain all night, but slept. Bowels disordered. Took oil. Some pain all day. M^rs McFarland & James went to church-M^r Huston preached.

14. Mon

Suffered extremely last night with pain my bowels it seems Bileous diarrhea, but today some symptoms of Dysentery have appeared. Took Rhubarb & soda & then salts & Ipecac. Pain continuous, but not so severe.

15. Tues

Rested pretty well last night-symptoms better. D^r. White & Reverend Samuel Brown spent last night with us-a very pleasant visit. Bowels still disordered, & some neuralgia still in my side. Sit up none.

16. Wed

Had a bad night-bowels pained & much disordered. Today symptoms of dysentery manifest-much pain.

1865. Aug. 16th continued.

Took Mercury & chalk & Castor Oil. Sent for D^r. Tate. He came & prescribed.

17. Thurs

Rested pretty well, contrary to expectation, & today my bowels have been quiet & I pretty easy. D^r. Tate here again.

18. Fri

Rained all night. Rested pretty well-bowels quiet. Rose & dressed at 10 a.m. & up till 4 p.m. bowels uneasy. This the first time since I have dressed since the 31 ultimate

19. Sat

I took oil last night & had to take a second dose in the night. I was very restless & suffered a good deal of pain. Rose & dressed at 10 a.m.-up till 5 1/2 p.m. Weaker.

M^rs Pilson came to see me & spent the day here.

20. Sab

More unwell in the morning-better-rose at 11 a.m. Up till 5 1/2 p.m. No preaching at Bethel today. Presbytery met.

21. Mon

Rested tolerably-rose at 7 1/2 a.m. Dined with my wife-the first time for 3 weeks-feel stronger-appetite good. I trust I am in a fair way to recover-thanks be to God.

22. Tues

I think my improvement continues. I wrote a historical sketch of my life for the Board of Education & a letter to my son Francis. Mary returned from the Springs in improved health. A very heavy Rain. Finished plowing for wheat.

23. Wed

A little stronger. Reading etc.

24. Thurs

Asthma & pain in my side last night. Feel very badly today-sneezing & eyes & nose running water. M^r Pilson here.

1865. Aug. 25th. Frid.

Head so uncomfortable from sneezing & nasal defluxion. I did not rise till 10 a.m. the latter Continued throughout the day. A little desultory reading. Hauling manure.

26. Sat

Another uncomfortable night-laborious breathing. Burned my breast with mustard & took mercury & chalk and salts & Ipecac In bed all day.

27. Sab

Rose at 9 a.m. but not able to go to Bethel. Feel weak, but I am better. All the white family went to Church. M^r Houston preached. Congregation said to be good. Returned to bed at 5 p.m.

28. Mon

Not so well this morning-cough very troublesome. Did not rise till 10 1/2 a.m. M^rs King & Miss Mary Julia Baldwin and Reverend William Pinkerton came to see me & dined here. Up till 5 p.m.

29. Tues

Rather better today-reading.

30. Wed

Still improving. Sowed wheat today on the West end of the orchard field. This afternoon I rode out through my fields-the first ride for more than a month.

31. Thurs

Gaining Strength. Repairing window-rode out.

September, 1865

September 1. Fri

Last night much fatigued. Today pretty well. Men making rails.

2. Sat

Sent to Staunton, care of D.A. Kayser, for Reverend D^r. Brown seven years of the Central Presbyterian & 2 1/2 yrs. of the Philadelphia Presbyterian Mary & James went to Hebron. I was reading.

September 3. Sab

Sick this morning, went to Bethel. A good Congregation M^r Houston preached a pretty good serMonday A very fine shower in the evening. Much fatigued.

4. Mon

Feeble today-Oppressed with the heat.

5. Tues

Am stronger & better. Francis McFarland Swoop came to see me, to consult me about going to the Theological Seminary to prepare for for the Ministry. I think well of the young man. I lent him a Greek Grammar & my Hebrew Bible. Studying a little.

6. Wed

Pretty well; p.m. not so well-attacked pretty violently with Diarrhea, I think from eating peaches & one or two pears. Continued badly all night.

7. Thurs

Continued to suffer all day & all night. Could not get the disease checked.

8. Fri

Still suffering, but less. M^rs Sarah Ann Tate & M^rs Martha Ann Christian dined ere. Bolivar Christian came in the afternoon.

9. Sat

A day of suffering-disease not checked. Some slight symptoms of Dysentary-much prostrated.

10. Sab

Spent a better night than I expected-taking broken doses of salts & Ipecac. D^r Tate sent for-came & advised a blue pill. Mary Lou has high fevers in the night-her case is I think a threatening one. No preaching at Bethel.

11. Mon

Had a comparatively comfortable night-today much better. D^r. Humphreys came to see us.

12. Tues

Had hoped to be up today, but am not so well, bowels still disordered. Began to so wheat among the corn North half of the field. Lancaster Wheat.

1865. Sept. 13th Wed

Much better. Rose at 9 a.m. and remained up all day. M^r John Pilson dined here. In the afternoon M^r Matthew Pilson came to see me. Began to cut up corn preparatory to seeding the ground.

14. Thurs

I am still improving-dined with the family. Cutting up corn with an additional hand.

15. Fri

Finished Cutting up corn. I am improving still.

16. Sat

Last night I was violently attacked with Diarrhea almost resembling Asiatic Cholera. It continued all night, & through the day, but less violently. I am much prostrated. In bed all day. Took Oil.

17. Sab

In bed all day. Last night took a blue pill & Rubharb & soda, which I think did me much good. No preaching at Bethel, alas. M^r Pilson wrote for M^r Houston but he did not come. Day very pleasant.

18. Mon

I am better-rose at 8 a.m. up till 9 p.m.

19. Tues

Rose to breakfast. The day uncomfortably cool. Better.

20. Wed

Still improving. Doing nothing but reading.

21. Thurs

M^rs James Henderson & M^rs Mary Larew here. Reading.

22.

Studying & working. I am pretty well.

23. Sat

Not quite so well today. James & Mary took Mary Lou to Staunton to go to Miss Baldwin's School, who generously offers her boarding & tuition gratis.

Sept. 24. Sab

Am pretty well. Went to Bethel prepared to preach, but Reverend Robert J. Taylor, hearing of my sickness & an invitation being sent him by M^r Pilson through M^r William White, came from Lexington expressly to preach for me; and he preached an excellent sermon from Psalm 107:43.

25. Mond.

James went to Staunton. Mary returned.

26. Tues

Rested badly. Finished sowing wheat-sowed 9 Bushels where the Corn was cut up. M^rs M^cFarland & James went to Staunton to meet Nathaniel Bent who is to come up today.

27. Wed

M^rs McFarland & James Returned & brought home a keg of sugar containing 40 pounds (yellow Coffee) at 18 cents. [deleted: All though] Rio Coffee at 35 cents, 20 pounds Butter 54 pounds at 30 cents per pound

28. Thurs

Dined at M^r James Bumgarner's-rode to Greenville & in the Evening married Jacob L. Swartzel & Lousia A. Bloulle. Spent the night at William F. Smith's.

29. Fri

Returned home. Taking cold badly.

30. Sat

Spent an uncomfortable night-not well today.

October, 1865

October 1. Sab

Another uncomfortable night. My legs much irritated by coughing-feared to preach, but preached over 50 minutes. Dined at M^r Bumgarners. Came home & applied mustard to my breast.

1865. Octr. 2. Mon

Rested badly, but went to Staunton on my way to synod, dined & spent the night at Colonel Tates.

3. Tues

Spent a very feverish night; pulse yesterday 100, today 100. Too unwell to proceed. John Pilson brought me home-much fatigued.

4. Wed

Spent a feverish night, in bed all day. Pulse 95.

5. Thurs

Spent a more uncomfortable night than the proceeding-took Oil-rather better-in bed all day.

6. Thurs. Fri

Last night & this morning very unwell. My disease a distinctly marked case of Bronchitis. Pulse in the morning 104 in the afternoon 80. In bed all day cough a little less troublesome.

7. Sat

Another bad night, pulse as yesterday. Sent for D^r. Tate he came & prescribed-in bed all day. James went to Staunton & bought 8 yards of Casimere for a Suit, at $2.25 = 18.00

8. Sab

Spent a wretched night with asthma-slept at none but while bolstered up in bed. Took blue pill last night & oil this morning. Ipecac every 4 hours. Not well-in bed all day. Pulse 95 & 84.

October 9. Mon

Had a more comfortable night. Pulse after breakfast 104, declined to 84. In bed all day except I rose to marry Alexander Strauther & Mary Maria Smith, colored persons.

10. Tues

Rested pretty well. Rose & dressed at 9 1/2 a.m. up till 4 1/2 p.m. D^r. Tate came to see me-continued the Ipecac.

11. Wed

Rested pretty well but the Eruption on my limbs is becoming quite troublesome-James started to the Sulfur Spring, formerly Crawford's to get me sulphur water. Rose at 8 1/2 a.m. & up all day-dined with the family.

12. Thurs

Spent a wretched night from the Eruption in my limbs-rose at noon. James arrived with the sulfur-water & I began to drink. I cannot perceive either taste or smell of sulfur, but I hope for benefit as I experienced last year.

13. Fri

Cool. Busy about Minutes of Synod.

14. Sat

It began to rain early & rained heavily all day. The Eruption very troublesome. Wrote to D^r. Brown about the Minutes of Synod-could do nothing else.

15. Sab

Suffered very much with the eruption last night.

1865. Octr . 15th Sab (continued)

With some fears I went to Bethel not intending to preach. The day cool & damp. Many supposed I would not be there. There was a very small Congregation M^r Pilson prayed & I exhorted for perhaps 20 minutes & prayed. I think my lungs are nothing worse, but the eruption no better.

16. Mon

Had a much more comfortable night than for some time past. But today feel very dull & languid. Killed a Heifer weighing 337 pounds M^r Henderson assisted and borrowed a hind quarter weighing probably 85 pounds as that was the weight of the other.

17. Tues

Had a pretty good night-I think the irritation is somewhat abated. I was much on my feet in the afternoon which irritated the eruption on my feet.

18. Wed

Rested only tolerably. Raining. With much reluctance I set out with M^rs McFarland in the rain for M^r Blackwoods, where at 11 1/2 O'clock a.m. I married Emmet Brooks & Mary L. Wilson. It rained so heavily & incessantly that we were compelled to stay all night.

19. Thurs

Rested better than I expected-came home to dinner. Traveling does not suit me.

20. Fri

I think the eruption is worse-last night my thighs were much afflicted-today my leg is much irritated.

October 21st. Sat

Rested better-left leg sorer. Studying a little.

22. Sab

Preached at Bethel, I think without any serious injury. I felt the effect on my lungs & my sore leg was perhaps a little worse. Thanks be to God for the privilege of Preaching his precious Gospel.

23. Mon

Rested imperfectly, but I think the eruption on my legs is beginning to dry up. Reading Newspapers.

24. Tues

More comfortable-less irritation. Reading & Studying.

25. Wed

My right leg has become more diseased. I have been reading all day & seeking a suject for the Sabbath

26. Thurs

Eruption more irritated. Studying.

27. Fri

M^r Henderson here with his machine threshing our Wheat & Oats. Mary & Frank went to Staunton and brought home Mary Lou.

28. Sat

Eruption about the same. Studying. D^r. Humphries & Theda came here.

29. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation & with some liberty thanks be to God. A good deal fatigued.

30. Mon

Preached at William Swink's at the Funeral of Katy Palmer, aged 88 in December Much fatigued.

31. Tues

I am better. Finished a letter to D^r. M^cElhenny & wrote Reverend D^r. Plumer.

November, 1865

1865. Nov. 1. Wed

My legs are a great deal better. D^r. Wayland formerly of Waynesboro in this County but who removed to Missouri 28 years ago came to see me in company with M^r Jacob Vanlear. He is an Elder in the Presbyterian Church & was a member of the Synod of Missouri week before last. He gave me much interesting information-it was a pleasant visit. They dined with us.

2. Thurs

Reading, working & studying. Day mild.

3. Fri

The eruption is leaving my limbs, thanks be to God. It rained moderately all day. I was studying.

Colonel R. Turk came & spent the night with us. A pleasant man.

4. Sat

Rained nearly all day as yesterday. Studying.

5. Sab

The day uncomfortably cold. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation for the day, & with more comfort to myself than lately. There was solemn attention.

6. Mon

Spent a restless night with coughing & headache

7. Tues

My Cough contines at night-little by day. Very languid. Had two black men hired getting wood.

8. Wed

Cough no better-not well otherwise. Same two black men husking corn. M^rs McFarland & James went to Staunton to bring out Roxy Bent, who was expected there on her way here. They returned and brought her. Seven years ago she visited us.

Nov. 9. Thurs

I spent a wretched night, coughing, and lungs enflamed. Did not rise till 2 p.m. Alas, I could not go to Bethel, & this the day appointed by our Synod for Fasting & prayer. They say a good Congregation assembled.

10. Fri

I rested rather better last night & feel better this morning. D^r. Humphreys & his brother John here all night. I rose at 10 a.m. not so well through the day. Used tea made of Bonc sot or thorough wort.

11. Sat

Did not rest well-unable to go to Bethel & this the day preceding our Communion. Reverend William Pinkerton preached. I did not rise till noon. The day Cold.

12. Sab

Rested better. With great fear I went to Bethel M^r William Pinkerton preached an excellent SerMonday I introduced the Communion Service & served the first table. Had no additions, Alas. I felt fatigued & breast sore.

13. Mon

The first part of the night I could not rest-lungs sore & a greater degree of nervousness than I ever felt-had to take some stimulating cordial in the night. Today I am better than for a week, thanks be to God.

14. Tues

Day very mild. I am still better. About noon the Reverend D^r. William S. White came & made us a delightful visit. He is on an agency for Washington College.

1865. Nov. 15. Wed

D^r. White left us for home. I rode out in the afternoon. Called at M^r M^cPheeters'. Went to see L. Brown to get him to work for me. Rode to Arbor Hill-then home. Still improving.

16. Thurs

Day very mild. Rode to Greenville. Got Mitchell to cut out a Frock-Coat of Blue cloth from my old Cloak. Dined at M^r L. Bumgarner's. Called at M^r Birch's to get him to foot a pair of Boots for Frank. Bought various articles. Came home somewhat fatigued.

17. Fri

Studying. I wonder that I am so well.

18. Sat

Pretty well. Studying.

19. Sab

Preached at Bethel with more strength, ease and liberty than for some months past. Thanks to God.

20. Mon

Working & Reading. Hands husking corn.

21. Tues

All employed as yesterday. Weather cleared off fine.

22. Wed

Brown, son & Nephew & Lewis Mater husking corn. M^rs M^cFarland & I made a visit to M^r Jacob Vanlears, and I Baptized two children of M^r William Vanlear, his wife being a member of the Church. Spent the night at M^rs King's.

23. Thurs

Did not rest well-dined at M^r Pilson's. Home.

24. Fri

I find I have caught some cold coming home & am not so well today. Misses Virginia Gilkeson & Sally & Lovey Gilkeson here all night. Finished getting in our Corn.

Nov. 25. Sat

Studying. Finished hauling in Cornfodder.

26. Sab

Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation subject a Revival. Day very mild & pleasant.

27. Mon

Not well. M^rs McFarland & went to visit M^rs Mish who has been very ill. She is a little better-prayed with her. Dined at M^r Kunkle's-he not at home.

28. Tues

At home-reading.

29. Wed

Had an uncomfortable night. Resting. Got a sack of Salt (Marshals) 240 pounds cost $5.50.

30. Thurs

Rested better. Mary Lewis & I went to Staunton to return taxable property for the Revenue, but the Assessor could not attend to it. Made some calls & returned home.

December, 1865

December 1. Fri

Wrote to Reverend S.L. Stuart, & on to send note to Reverend John C. Backus, D.D. Baltimore. M^rs McFarland & James & I went to Bethel where we expected Reverend William Pinkerton to preach on the occasion of the reinterment of the Remains of James M^cClure who fell in battle near Petersburg, but we found it had been done yesterday.

2. Sat

So unwell I can study but little.

3. Sab

Still unwell-lungs imflamed-with some fears, went to Bethel & preached as usual 3/4 of an hour. Fatigued. Received from D^r. Brown a Book for the Records of Synod. It seems of excellent quality-cost $5.50 in Baltimore. Express, 50 cents.

1865. Dec. 4. Mond.

Reading. M^rs D^r. Hays & Susan here.

5. Tues

Reading & working.

6. Wed

Writing a Biographical sketch of myself for the Board of Education.

7. Thurs

Wrote to Francis. Reading & Writing. Killed a steer 1,555 pounds hide 91 pounds Tallow.

8. Fri

Went to Bethel to attend a meeting of the Session to purge the Roll of members, especially in regard to colored members who are now becoming very irregular. We also resolved to recommend the election of three additional Elders.

9. Sat

Studying.

10. Sab

Preached at Bethel. Congregation rather thin. Gave notice of of the election of Elders at a future day, but soon.

11.

Reading Newspapers. The Presidents Message is conservative & perhaps all we could expect. But the opening of Congress seems to promise no good to the south.

12. Tues

Mrs McFarland & I went to Mr Bumgardner's-I thence to M^r John J. Larew's, where I married Joseph Hinston Waddy & Mary Elisabeth Larew Returned to M^r. Bumgardner's.

13. Wed

Spent a wretched night-great sense of oppression laborious breathing but seemed not asthma. Came home feeling badly.

Dec. 14. Thurs

Spent an uncomfortable night. My Study was cold & I lay on a Couch in the sitting-room. I am unwell all day, cannot even read. M^rs Pilson & Jerusha M^cPheeter dined with us. Last night half an inch of snowfall. Cold today.

15. Fri

Rested badly the latter part of the night when the room got cold-suffered with headache-rose at 9 a.m. Reading etc. D^r. Humphreys here.

16. Sat

Very cold. I am a little better. Reading & Studying.

17. Sab

Much indisposed. Day more moderate-went to Bethel & preached to a moderate Congregation without any notes.

18. Mon

Much indisposed-in the evening comfortable. Reading.

19. Tues

Much better. Killed ten Hogs weighing 182, 142, 159, 171, 169, 185, 156, 142, 126, 161. Total 1591 pounds Sold the two last = 287 pounds at $10. per 100. Returned for domestic use 1304 pounds

20. Wed

Reading & preparing my List for the UnitedStates Assessor.

21. Thurs

Still breakfast in bed. Near 9 a.m. I left home to go to M^r William Cochran's where I married John A. Wilson and Ellen J. Cochran. The change of temperature was so sudden-the wind so high, keen & penetrating that I suffered very much. I fear the effect on my lungs. I reached home about 3 p.m. very much exhausted. Mary Lou came home.

1865. Dec. 22. Fri

Last night my lungs were so irritated that at midnight I had to rouse M^rs McFarland to apply mustard to my breast. I suffered much with my head-not a proper headache but a painful & bewildered feeling. More mustard to my breast and to my forehead. I rose & dressed but had to recline on the sofa nearly all day. Could not read.

23. Sat

Slept sufficiently, but much distressed with my head. Did not rise till noon & then felt very badly when up. My lungs are better, but my head not.

24. Sab

Rested imperfectly-head a little better. Rose at 9 a.m. felt badly & cannot explain how-better in the evening. The day so inclement I would not have gone to Church had I been well. I suppose none were there. The rain froze on the trees.

25. Mon

Christmas. The day very mild & fine. I did not feel well, & did not rise till after 9 a.m. My head seems more disordered today than heretofore. I cannot read with any comfort. I fear the case is becoming serious. D^r. Humphreys & David came. The D^r prescribed I bathed my feet & applied mustard to the back of my neck.

26. Tues

D^r. Humphreys went to Staunton. I am much better today.

27. Wed

D^r. Humphreys left us & took the children away. I married at my own house Henry Hill & Amanda Lewis, colored persons.

December 28. Thurs

I am much better today. Reading

29. Fri

Still better. I have today hired Jefferson for another year-I must pay him $100. & give him a winter suit consisting of coat, vest, pantaloons & shoes.

30. Sat

It began to snow in the night & continued moderately till near noon-about 4 inches, I think, fell. I continue better. Studying.

31. Sab

Very unwell this morning, but made a great effort to go to Bethel & became better-preached as usual to a good Congregation for the day. Came home better.

1866

January, 1866

1866. Jan. 1. Mond.

Day cloudy, damp and gloomy. I am better than yesterday, but not well. God in Mercy has permitted me to see another New Year in the flesh, very probably the last. And although I am very infirm & suffer a good deal, I have numerous mercies for which I here record my fervent gratitude to God.

I have also much to be thankful for in regard to my family. My dear wife enjoys pretty good health. My son Francis is still in Richmond & connected with the Newspaper Press-health not very good. James is at home, managing the farm-in good health & I hope will be a great comfort to us.

Mary Lewis also at home in pretty good health, except occasionally her nervous system becomes disordered. Frank enjoys fine health & goes to school to Miss Pringle at Mint Spring. Mary Lou is now apparently suffering nothing from her spinal affection & is going to the Augusta Female Seminary in Staunton. D^r. Humphreys & his children are well.

Wrote to General Patterson & Reverend D^r. Joseph Smith.

Jan. 2. Tues

It began to snow in the night & continued moderately all day. I am not well. Spent the day in reading & writing.

3. Wed

I am better. James took Mary Lou to Staunton. Received a letter from Francis with a box of good things. Reading.

4. Thurs

Growing colder. This morning my head ached much. I have been reading, mostly Newspaper.

5. Fri

Still unwell in the morning, & do not rise till near 9 a.m. The day so cold I could not study & hardly read.

6. Sat

So unwell I could not study or read. Lay on the sofa.

7. Sab

Very unwell all night. In the morning a little better. Though very unfit I went to Bethel & preached 3/4 of an hour to a pretty good Congregation The wind had changed to Northeast & I suffered from cold coming home. M^rs Mish died this morning.

8. Mond.

Had a bad night & asthma this morning & much indisposed all day.

This is my Birth-day-I am this day 78 years old. Alas, my health is bad. I am warned that life must soon close. This morning at 5 1/2 O'clock James left home for Richmond to seek & bring home the remains of our dear son Robert P. M^cFarland who fell in battle. The coldest day.

9. Tues

Felt better this morning, but still indisposed. I have hired Zeke till Jefferson gets well at the rate of eight dollars per month. He began this morning.

10. Wed

I am better. Sent Frank to Staunton-received a Telegram from James that he will be up on Friday.

1866. Jan. 11. Thurs

I am suffering much with the irritation in my skin, although there is very little eruption, & it is increasing. Yesterday & today I have been taking cold & my cough is troublesome.

12. Fri

I am better. Studying. Sent Zeke to Staunton with the wagon, to meet James. They reached home about 11.30 p.m. with Roberts remains. The train of Cars was detained by a Collision.

13. Sat

I am tolerably well. Day mild.

M^r M^cPheeters & his two sons came & brought their spring wagon to convey the coffin to the graveyard. A number of our friends were assembled there, & we committed Dear Roberts remains to their permanent resting place, till the Resurrection of the Righteous. The cost of the removal was $57.00

14. Sab

I am better than for several days. Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation & with some liberty-thanks to God. Had another Election for Elders-80 votes given by ballot. A.S. Sproul received 77. B. M^c Clung 76. James Hays 61. William F. Smith 43. James Beard 24 & John Lambert 22.

Jan. 15. Mond.

It began to snow about 10 a.m. & continued till night, 3 inches fell. Reading Newspaper. Colonel R. Turk came here to dinner & stayed all night.

16. Tues

Colonel Turk took his horse which I have had the use of gratis for about 17 months. Only Reading.

17. Wed

Not very well. M^r Matthew Pilson dined with us & made us a pleasant visit. I was quite unwell in the evening & through the night.

18. Thurs

Very unwell this morning-headache, did not rise till noon. Then better. D^r. Humphreys here.

19. Fri

Rather better-rose at 7.45' a.m. but could only read a little till the afternoon. This morning James went with D^r. Humphreys to Staunton on his way to Tennessee.

20. Sat

Mary & Frank went to Staunton to see Mary Lou. James to Greenville. I am still unwell-could not study.

21. Sab

Still not well & the day very cold & the roads very rough, but I went to Bethel & preached as usual to a good Congregation for the day.

22. Mon

At home. Reading. Wrote to General Patterson.

23. Tues

Reading & writing. I feel better.

24. Wed

Last night I was distressingly nervous, & headaches. Today I am much unwell. The day very gloomy-mist is freezing on the trees & I fear will break them.

25. Thurs

Reading. Received the 1^st Weekly NewYork Journal of Commerce of January 18^th Number 666.

26. Fri

I am rather better than usual.

27. Sat

Health as usual. William F. Smith & A.F. Sproul came to confer with me about the Eldership to which they have been elected. They both seem about equally diffident & distrustful of themselves. They fear they never can pray in public. May the Lord direct them.

28. Sab

Day very damp & chilling. I am better than usual. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation & with more liberty than usual. Thanks be to God that I am still able to preach thus.

29. Mon

Not quite so well. Reading. M^r James Hays came to confer with me about the Eldership to which he has been elected. He speaks of being conscious of a want of the requisite qualifications, but I hope will accept.

30. Tues

In the night I was taken very unwell-oppression & headache. Did not rise till near noon. Headache all day. M^rs McFarland & Roxa Bent went to visit the Hays families.

31. Wed

I am better. The day too cold for me to go from home. M^rs McFarland & Roxa returned. I was reading.

February, 1866

February 1. Thurs

Very unwell, could not go to preach at the Funeral of William Beard. A good man-a member of Bethel Church for nearly 35 years, but recently a wreck both in body & mind.

Feb. 2. Fri

Day cold. Bought a [illeg.] of M^r Jacob Brubeck for $150. on a liability of 90 days. James negotiated the purchase-I had not mentioned.

3. Sat

Very cold-high west wind. Feel dull-can study but little.

4. Sab

Rested badly, not well, but with fears went to Bethel and preached. Day very cold. Had very little liberty. Came home a good deal exhausted. Mary & Roxa went away for a weeks visiting.

5. Mon

Morning very cold. Reading newspapers.

6. Tues

A little more moderate. Reading.

7. Wed

I have uncomfortable nights. Seldom sleep much before 11 O'clock-nervous & restless-eruption troublesome. After midnight I sleep better. Still eat my breakfast in bed & rise about 8 a.m. Very dull today. Reading.

8. Thurs

Not so well-can read little, & hardly sit up.

9. Fri

Eruption troublesome-better otherwise. James took a ton of hay, which I gave him, to Staunton & sold it for $13.00. I have been reading & studying.

10. Sat

Not so well-uncomfortable nights. Studying a little.

11. Sab

Better than usual for me. Day very mild-preached at Bethel to a very good Congregation with some liberty. But I read the Pastoral Letter of the General Assembly twenty minutes, which exhausted me very much.

Feb. 12. Mon

Tolerably well. Raining early & continued to rain moderately till about 3 p.m. Sent James to Staunton to pay the tax on my land laid by the United States Government which he did, amounting to seven dollars & seventy cents $7.70.

13. Tues

Day pleasant. Working. Lizzie Merritt here.

14. Wed

Tolerably well, but taking cold. Reading.

15. Thurs

Rested very badly till after 1 a.m. Unwell this morning. This the coldest day for two years & but one colder for 9 years. Could hardly read any-so cold.

16. Fri

Very cold. Only reading. Could not study.

17. Sat

Moderated a little. Mary Lewis went to Staunton to see Mary Lou, who is again afflicted-abscess discharging & her back so weak she has to lie & cannot attend school. Received two Letters from General Patterson-one of them containing a Certificate of Deposit to my Credit for One Hundred Dollars-a generous present from himself. I thank God who put it in his heart, & pray that the Lord may reward him.

18. Sab

I am very unwell with my cold-I could not have gone to Bethel; but it rained moderately all day. No Congregation I presume.

Feb. 19. Mon

My cold very oppressive-did not rise till 11 a.m. Burned my breast severely with Mustard. Wrote to General Patterson.

20. Tues

I rested & slept much better than usual. James took M^r Gilkeson's carriage to Staunton & brought home Mary & Mary Lou. The latter not so ill as expected & feared, but I doubt whether she will be able to return to school soon. I am still much indisposed with this cold.

21. Wed

Had another bad night. I am not improving.

D^r. Tate here. James is complaining. We have bad news about Francis. I fear his health is hopelessly gone; but Miss Mary Tyler writes that he trusts he is a Christian. May the Lord have mercy on him.

Weaker. I am [illeg.]. I rose in the night & attempted to walk, but fell. From this time confined to bed.

22. Thurs

I am much confined it closely to bed.

23 & 24.

Very ill, but cannot specify.

25. Sab

No better.

26. Mon

I still think I am no better. D^r. Tate here. B. M^cClung & several kind lades here.

27. Tues

a little better, but oppressed by visitors. My poor son Francis brought home almost in a dying state.

28. Wed

I am a little more comfortable. Saw Francis today-looks badly but is not so ill as he was.

March, 1866

1866. March 1. Thurs

Mild & pleasant day. Reverend J.L. Preston came to see me. I am not so well.

2. Fri

Very mild. Improve very slowly. My gums are very sore-cause unknown. I am depressed this afternoon-tea revived me.

3. Sat

Spent a wretched night. Tea in the morning wonderfully revived me-but feel very badly.

Reverend E. Thomas came & spent the night here.

4. Sab

Rested a little better-drank toddy. Today a little more comfortable. M^r Thomas preached at Bethel. The Congregation resolved to invite a M^r Velangingham of Delaware to come & preach as a Candidate.

Reverend William Pinkerton called to see me.

5. Mon

Not quite so well-but little change.

The Box from General & M^rs Patterson arrived-a valuable present containing goods, I think worth $100. & all of excellent quality. Thanks be to God as well as to kind friends.

6. Tues

I am certainly better today. A.F. Humphreys here.

7. Wed

Improving slowly. D^r. Tate here.

8. Thurs

Better. J. Calhoon, D. Blackwood & M. Pilson here.

9. Fri

Slept pretty well. Uncomfortable today.

March 10. Sat

Slept tolerably-in the morning not pretty well-p.m. not so well. M^rs Shray here.

11. Sab

Had a restless bad night-today uncomfortable. Very slow improvement if any. Francis not so well.

12. Mon

Beyond my expectation, had a good night. Today I am very variable, on the whole uncomfortable. James went to Staunton & made return to the Assessor of the Internal Revenue.

13. Tues

Did not rest so well, pretty comfortable today. Emeline Sproul & Mary Pilson here. Francis as usual.

14. Wed

Rested tolerably-comfortable today. M^rs Gardner M^rs Wright, M^rs Larew, miss L. Hayden & D^r. Tate here. Francis stronger-walked to the kitchen today.

15. Thurs

A little stronger. William J. Gilkeson here. M^r Towberman came to collect taxes = mine & James' amounted to $13.50

16. Fri

Spent a very uncomfortable night, today better, but not very well. Sowed oats in the Northwest field.

17. Sat

Nervous & restless last night-today not comfortable. A marvelous & sudden & extreme change in temperature.

18. Sab

Slept pretty well-feel dull. Only James went to Bethel-Prayer meeting. Francis about the same.

19. Mon

Spent a wretched night. Today uncomfortable. My meals are followed by much discomfort.

1866. March 20. Tues

Slept better-more comfortable today. Moderate showers. Francis better.

21. Wed

A restless night-morning uncomfortable, afternoon better. D^r. Tate, M^rs Gilkeson & J. Shields here. Francis I fear is declining.

22. Thurs

Slept pretty well. Rose at 11 a.m. & put on my clothes for the first time in 4 weeks, remained up till 2 p.m. but came to bed in a state of excessive exhaustion. Francis comfortable. James went to Staunton.

23. Fri

Last night rose to have my bed made & sat say 10 minutes, & came to bed in a state of great exhaustion, which continued most of the night. Today not as strong as yesterday. Francis quiet.

24. Sat

I am better-sat up half an hour, but did not put on my clothes. Walked several times around the room. Francis lies mostly in bed, as he is more comfortable there.

25. Sab

Rested pretty well & am comfortable. Day Cold. Reverend William Pinkerton preached at Bethel to a full house.

They held a Congregational Meeting & instructed the Session to invite some minister to come & preach to them, with the view of calling a Co-Pastor.

March 26. Mon

I am comfortable, appetite good, but I gain strength very slowly. I was up 1 1/2 hours. M^r Pilson came to see me. Francis rather worse.

27. Tues

I am better, up from 1 p.m. to 6-went in to see Francis-he seems comfortable-many visitors.

28. Wed

Still improving-rose at 12 Mid-day & up till 5 p.m.

29. Thurs

Not quite so comfortable. Rose at 10 1/2 a.m. up till 6 p.m. Francis tolerably comfortable. M^rs Henderson here.

30. Fri

Slept well-rose at 9 a.m. up till 8 p.m. M^r See preached at Bethel today, & spent the night here. Brainard M^cClung & James Wallace also here.

31. Sat

Rested badly from the irritation in my skin. M^r See preached again today, M^r Preston there. Francis not so well-suffers much from laborious breathing, which he thinks is asthma-very doubtful.

April, 1866

April 1. Sab

This is the Communion Sabbath in Bethel. It was the Lord's will that I should not be there. Reverend M^r Preston conducted the services. There was a large Congregation & I trust Christians enjoyed it. Margaret Ann Gardner, dughter of Alexander Gardner the only addition.

2. Mon

Rested better, but my strength increases but little. I think Francis is still declining.

1866. April 3. Tues

Slept pretty well. Today I thought I was able to clean the Clock in my study, which has not been going for near two months & I felt the want of it very much. I succeeded in cleaning it. Francis more comfortable today. D^r. Tate here. Captain Jener called.

4. Wed

Better. On yesterday & today dined with my family for the first time for many weeks. Rose & kindled my fire. Francis is weaker but more comfortable today.

5. Thurs

I rose & made my fire a little after sunrise and ate my Breakfast out of be for the first time, at home, for several months. Francis is better-was out on the front porch this evening.

6. Fri

I was not so comfortable this morning, but better through the day. Francis not so well.

7. Sat

As there was a Northeast rain & much cooler, I felt dull all day, but not unwell. Francis in bed all day.

8. Sab

I had hoped to have preached at Bethel today, but the weather was such I could not go-James went & found but three persons there. I feel pretty well, but dull. Francis not so well-suffers strangely with paroxisms of laborious breathing-they come on & go off without any apparent cause-lasting from a half to 3 or 4 hours.

Apl. 9. Mon

I am pretty comfortable-rose a little after 6 a.m. & ate breakfast with my family for the time for 3 or 4 months. Reverend E. Junkin dined with us & made us a very pleasant visit.

Francis had a bad spill today & is quite unwell.

10. Tues

I continue weak, but my health is pretty good. Francis is pretty comfortable, but seems weaker.

11. Wed

Rose at 6 a.m. Up till 9 p.m. My limbs at times weak. No change on Francis of any importance.

12. Thurs

Up all day. Reading. Francis better.

13. Fri

Could not study. Francis better than since he came home. James & Roxa went to Staunton.

14. Sat

Finished harrowing for corn. I was studying. Francis not quite so well. A fine shower.

15. Sab

I am not so well. I went to Bethel expecting to preach, but found M^r Thomas there, who had kindly come to preach for me, & did preach. I came home fatigued with the ride. Francis pretty comfortable.

16. Mon

Very unwell-took cold yesterday. M^r Pilson here on Congregational business. Francis tolerable.

17. Tues

Last night was one of the most afflictive of my life. Coughed very hard & almost incessantly & slept very little. I am better today, but in bed all day. Francis better.

1866. Apl. 18th Wed

Today the Presbytery meets in Waynesboro. If I were more tolerably well I could not go on account of the state of the weather. I rose between 9 & 10 O'clock, but feel so unwell had to go to bed again.

19. Thurs

I rested tolerably, but felt so unwell after Breakfast I did not rise till 4 p.m. then better, but very weak. M^rs M^cFarland who has been very unwell with a cold for several days is better. Francis as usual.

20. Fri

Had much prostration-continued in bed all day. I fear my strength will return very slowly.

James & Jefferson went to Staunton with a load of hay. Charley here making rails.

21. Sat

No better-sent for D^r. Tate, did not come-in the afternoon better-in bed all day.

22. Sab

A little Better-D^r. Tate came & prescribed. I remained in bed all day. D^r. William Brown preached at Bethel & came here to dinner with M^r Pilson I learn Francis is very low spirited today.

23. Mon

Not quite so well-cough very troublesome. D^r. Brown's visit was very pleasant to me indeed. James took him to Greenville & M^r Pilson to M^r Morrison's Francis is more comfortable today.

April 24. Mon

I am not so comfortable. I had hoped, if it was warm today, to have gotten out of bed some hours but have been disappointed. My strength is increasing. Francis more uneasy.

My daughter Mary today received very kind letter from Reverend Peyton Harrison enclosing a Check for $50. This was a very kind providence to her.

25. Tues

I am no better could not sit up any time. Francis more unwell. M^rs M^cFarland still unwell. About 4 p.m. while lying quietly in bed I was seized with a severe pain in the small of my back.

26. Wed

The pain in my back severe-not well otherwise. M^rs M^cFarland suffers much with neuralgia in her head through the day. Francis better today.

27. Thurs

My back no better. Rose at 10 a.m. & up till 6 1/2 p.m. M^rs M^cFarland better-taking Quinine. Francis better. M^r David Kunkle & wife made us a pleasant visit.

28. Fri

I spent an uncomfortable night from a feeling of sickness & oppression. Today better-rose at 10 1/2 a.m. & up till 6 1/2 p.m. M^rs M^cFarland & Francis better. Planted Corn in the Springhouse Field.

1866. April 19. Sat

Rested better-pain in my back a little better. Four of the family went to Bethel-no preaching, prayer-meeting. The Session have written for a M^r Flournoy to come & preach to the congregation for some time.

30. Sab

I rested well & felt better & rose at 8 a.m. but my back becomes painful sitting up, & I feel quite languid. M^rs M^cFarland not so well. Francis not so well.

May, 1866

May 1. Tues

I am pretty comfortable except my back which is no better. M^rs M^cFarland still suffering. Francis rather better.

Planting corn beyond the Creek. M^r Nutter & son helping.

2. Wed

Last night I applied Chloroform to my back in hopes of relieving the pain, but it produced distressing effects on my head, I rather think through the Spinal Column. It continued till about midnight. This morning feel very badly so that I did not rise till 2 p.m. M^rs McFarland & Francis better.

Planted our late Potatoes in the lower end of the meadow.

May 3d. Thurs

I am not well-my head uncomfortable. Did not rise till 2 p.m. then better. Last evening Francis McFarland Swoope came here & stayed all night. He proved to be very much deranged & gave us a great deal of trouble.

James went to Staunton to see the agent of the Freedman's Bureau about a Complaint that Rhoda had lodged there that she had been hired to me for two years after she had been made free by the will of her mistress & had received no compensation. When the facts were stated there was no difficulty.

4. Fri

I am about as yesterday. M^rs McFarland better Francis still very feeble.

A Box of valuable articles, chiefly dry goods, left from the fair in Baltimore was received through M^rs D^r. Brown-principally for Mary Lewis.

5. Sat

This morning very weak-rose at 11 a.m. better Francis still very feeble & suffering.

6. Sab

Not able to go to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached, as I learn, acceptably. I am better today-so is M^rs McFarland Francis is worse-sat up on an easy chair all last night.

1866. May 7. Mon

I am rather stronger. M^rs McFarland better. Francis not much easier. M^r Pilson brought M^r Flournoy to see us. He seems to be a modest pleasant young man. Reverend J.S. Blain came & spent the night with us.

8. Tues

A little better-rode out a little way.

9. Wed

I am comfortable. M^rs McFarland pretty well. Francis very changeable.

10. Thurs

As yesterday, myself & family.

11. Fri

Very dull. The weather cloudy & damp.

M^r Donahue came to take a list of taxable property.

12. Sat

I am not improving-very feeble-have to lie on the sofa much of my time.

13. Sab

Not so well-did not rise till 11 a.m. then better. All went to Bethel but Mary & I. M^r Flournoy preached very well, it is said. Francis rather better.

14. Mon

No marked change in any of us. M^r Flournoy dined with us. Christopher & Lizzie Merritt here.

15. Tues

I am better-rode out. Francis still better.

16. Wed

I am stronger-Francis still better.

17. Thurs

No change worthy of note. Wrote to Reverend P. Harrison.

May 18th. Fri

Wrote to William C. Patterson-rode to M^rs Wright's & took supper there-in the evening not so well. Francis weaker from laborious breathing. My ride was followed by a restless suffering night.

19. Sat

Unwell & quite weak-my unfortunate visit has disquieted me for everything. James & Mary went to Staunton.

20. Sab

Very unwell this morning-much disappointed that I could not go to Bethel-continued unwell all day.

Roxa, Mary & James went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached.

21. Mon

I am better today. Francis seems better. M^rs McFarland pretty well. M^rs King & M^rs Larew here.

22. Tues

Still I think slowly improving. Francis about as yesterday. Replanting corn. Allen & his boys making rails (oak) at 50 cents per hundred. Made 550 in two days.

23. Wed

M^r Flournoy spent last night with us. I am about as usual. Francis had a Chill-not so well.

24. Thurs

James went to Fisherville to get a saddle made. Frank took Mary Lou to Staunton. No change with the sick.

25. Fri

I am as usual. Francis not so well. M^r Shuey & M^r Wayland came to see us. A good rain in the evening. Broke a wagon wheel-sent it to Greenville.

1866. May 26. Sat

I am as usual-Francis better. Have had last night & this morning a very fine rain.

27. Sab

Went to Bethel-heard M^r. Flournoy preach a very good sermon from Ephesians 1:15 to 23. He has now preached 4 Sabbaths A Congregational meeting was held at which I was called to preside, they voted to pay him 1/12 of $550, the salary paid to me heretofore, & a collection & subscription was taken for that purpose. Then after his necessary absence of a month they voted to invite him to return & preach six months & that his compensation for that time shall be $300. to be raised by subscription. I came home not very much fatigued.

28. Mon

All about as usual. James & Roxa went to Staunton.

29. Tues

All pretty well, but Francis is not so well.

30. Wed

Wrote to D^r. William Brown. Francis rather worse.

31. Thurs

Francis better-rode out-then worse. D^r. Tate here.

June, 1866

June 1. Fri

All as usual. Francis rode out. Worse in the night. Right hind wheel of the wagon filled with new hib & spoke, $5.

2. Sat

I am pretty well-Francis not so well.

3. Sab

Preached at Bethel the first time for nearly four months succeeded better than I expected, but much fatigued.

A M^r Anderson from Lewisburg there. Francis rode out on horseback.

June 4. Mon

More sick. Francis seemed to be much better this morning & rode to the springhouse on horseback. In the evening had most laborious breathing I have seen.

5. Tues

Francis rested pretty well & today is better-rode out again. Mary is better. My stomach feels badly every morning.

6. Wed

All about as usual. James went to Fisherville for a new Saddle made there by Hall which cost $14. but the tree was found.

7. Thurs

I am not so well. Francis as usual. M^r & M^rs Kunkle & M^r Pilson here.

8. Fri

Francis & I are both better today. James went to Staunton for whiskey for Francis-has used 2 quarts in 11 days.

9. Sat

I am as usual. Francis very changeable.

10. Sab

I feel weak. Preached at Bethel to a large Congregation a special discourse on a Call to the Eldership to induce our four Elders-elect to accept of the Office. Not very much fatigued. Francis suffers much with fits of laborious breathing.

11. Mon

I am pretty well. Francis as yesterday.

12. Tues

All as usual. Francis had a fit of extreme dysphoria.

13. Wed

I am pretty well, but feel great debility. James working on the Road. Francis as usual.

1866. June 14. Thurs

Pretty well-rose to breakfast the first time for several months. In the evening I married Lewis Johns & Martha Ann Harris, colored persons, who came here to be married.

15. Fri

Pretty well-breakfast with the family. Francis better-he rode to George Rosen's & dined there.

16. Sat

All as usual. M^rs M^cFarland & James went to Staunton. James got 2 quarts more of whiskey for Francis. He has used the last 2 quarts in about 8 days.

17. Sab

My bowels were so disordered that I could not have gone to But about 8 a.m. it began to rain & continued so that I presume there was no one at church. James went to Hebron where the Lord's supper was to be administered.

Francis suffers so in bed with pain his shoulder that he slept on his chair last night till 1.30' a.m. & rose early. I took my breakfast in bed. In the afternoon took Oil.

18. Mon

I am better, but breakfasted in bed. Spent the day in reading-mostly Newspapers. Francis sat up all last night-the pain he suffers hakes him fear to lie down.

19. Tues

I am pretty well-began to record the minutes of Synod. Francis is bed all night, better-dined at M^r M^cPheeters'. D^r. Humphreys & his children came here today.

June 20th Wed

Rested badly-have taken some cold. Better this afternoon. Francis as usual. James went to Staunton. D^r Humphreys & his children left us.

21. Thurs

I have a troublesome cold did not rest well, breakfasted in bed. Francis rode to M^r Gilkesons & dined there, but suffered much in the evening, I think in consequence-pain & foot swelled.

22. Fri

I am as yesterday. Francis not so well, did not ride out, right leg & foot much swelled.

23. Sat

I am better. Francis better.

24. Sab

Preached at Bethel over an hour to a rather thin Congregation I am pretty well. Francis foot much swollen. D^r. Humphreys here.

25. Mon

As usual. James went to Deerfield. D^r. Humphreys remained & he & Francis dined at M^r M^cPheeters.

Sold the Miss Heydens 21 1/2 pounds of wool at 40 cents per pound

26. Tues

I am pretty well-day very warm. D^r. Humphreys left us. Francis rather worse, suffers with swollen legs & feet. James returned from Deerfield.

27. Wed

Francis better. I have been all day occupied reading the proceedings of the Old School General Assembly at St. Louis. It is a mournful exhibition of Radicalism & usurpation of power, very much resembling the United States Congress.

1866. June 28th. Thurs

All as usual. Reading. Wrote to Frederick Johnston. W.W. Trimble and D^r. J.B. Ramsey as Treasurer of Presbytery for money.

29. Fri

All pretty comfortable. I dined at James Bumgardner's and visited M^rs Brawford, who I fear is far gone in Consumption. She is a good woman.

30. Sat

I am not well, suffered with cramp in my legs & headache, which continued all day. Could do nothing.

July, 1866

July 1. Sab

Still unwell, but went to Bethel, & would have preached, but M^r Flournoy having returned, he preached about the Brazen Serpent. I was better.

2. Mon

Had asthma. Reading & working. Began to cut wheat in the Orchard, M^r Flournoy here.

3. Tues

Very feeble-asthma. Cutting wheat Northwest field, James Jefferson & Frank.

4. Wed

Very unwell this morning-did not rise till 1 p.m. Yesterday & today Francis much worse than usual. Cutting wheat in the Orchard.

5. Thurs

I am better. Francis had a bad night & day. Finished cutting wheat in the orchard.

6. Fri

Suffered great debility this morning, in the afternoon better. Francis rode out on horseback. Still cutting wheat in the NorthWest field.

July 7. Sat

The heat oppressive. I feel much debility. Cutting wheat. Francis occasionally suffers much. He has drank 1 1/2 Gallons of whiskey in precisely 3 weeks. Got another Gallon this evening Cost $4.00

8. Sab

Still very feeble, but went to Bethel intending to preach, but Reverend Archibald Scott from Paris, Kentucky, Grandson to Reverend Archibald Scott, the first Pastor of Bethel was there & preached a good sermon from Proverbs 14:9, Fools make a mock at sin. He & his sister dined with us. Francis suffering great pain.

9.

I am rather stronger. Francis weaker than for weeks. Cutting wheat. A fine rain which was much needed.

10. Tues

Rained all day. Sent for D^r. Tate to see Frank Lewis, who seems to have a bileous attack-he came & prescribed. Francis suffered extreme pain today.

11. Wed

I am better; Francis worse. James went to Staunton. Sold 21 pounds of Butter at 20 cents & bought 9 pounds Coffee at 35 cents

12. Thurs

Pretty well-Francis as usual. Received & answered a letter from Reverend W.W. Tremble. M^rs Wright, Polly Larew & Jacob Larew here.

13. Fri

I am Pretty well. Francis not so well. I went to Greenville to see William F. Smith about the Eldership, his acceptance of the office is very doubtful. I am fatigued. Hauling in

1866. July 14. Sat

I am pretty well. Francis had a very sick suffering day. D^r. Tate & D^r. Humphreys here. Hauled in nearly all our wheat.

15. Sab

Went to Bethel. Reverend M^r Lambeth (Methodist) preached. Francis had a bad day-is declining fast. Mary and James staid with Francis. The heat very oppressive.

16. Mon

Francis suffers much pain, is then feeling more comfortable. M^r Flournoy & M^rs Pilson spent the day here. Reverend James Humphreys & son & nephew came & spent the night with us. Finished hauling in wheat have about 204 Dozens. Began to cut oats.

17. Tues

I am pretty well, but debilitated by heat. Francis no better. Finished cutting Oats. A shower. Got another gallon of whiskey for Francis-the Doctors recommend the free use of it, but I decidedly disapprove of it. The effects of the stimulus is very perceptible.

18. Wed

Heat not so oppressive. Francis suffers intensely at times. Hands binding Oats, and Robert M^cPheeters snowing the meadow with his Mower.

19. Thurs

Francis still suffering greatly. I am comfortable. Hauling in Oats. M^r Flournoy spent last night here. James Patterson has been here since Tuesday.

July 20. Fri

Last night we expected poor Francis to die, but he survived through tremendous sufferings. Today his sufferings are very great, with some intervals of comparative ease, but I regard him as dying. I am so feeble I cannot sit up all the time. Numbers of neighbors here.

21. Sat

This is a sorrowful day. My poor son Francis has been lingering on the borders of the dark valley till at 4 O'clock P.M. he expired. His sufferings for many week have been often agonizing-they were less so at the last. What a tide of reflection rush through my mind embracing the whole history of the deceased. What numerous anxieties about him from his birth, what care, what watchfulness, what labor & expense & how many anxious prayers. And now the whole is closed up for the Judgment.

I deeply regret that he was so influenced as to join the Campbell Church in Richmond, & yet I think he gave good evidence of saving Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ. His uncomplaining patience was remarkable.

1866. July 22. Sab

This is a sorrowful Sabbath. The body of my poor Son lies uncoffined till one is made. I went to Bethel. Reverend James Humphreys preached a short sermon, he was not well. M^r Flournoy there. I did not go into the pulpit.

23. Mon

The body of Francis was undergoing rapid decomposition & was very offensive. The coffin came & a very large procession proceeded to Bethel where a great Congregation was assembled. Reverend M^r Preston made the first prayer-a very excellent one. M^r Flournoy preached from Isaiah 45:15 to 17-a respectable discourse, but not as impressive as I could have wished. The body was then buried in the presence of a large number of people. I feel grateful to God that we have so many friends; & to those kind friends who have rendered many acceptable services to us.

Out of Eight children we have but two left. But, blessed be God, those which have died in mature years have given us good hopes of their interest in Christ. I, in all human probability, will go next. God grant that I many be enabled, in life & in death, to glorify & enjoy him, & glorify him eternally in heaven.

July 24. Tues

I am tolerably well as all the family are, thanks be to God. It seems wonderfully still, after the company we have had daily for months. They are hauling in hay.

25. Wed

Reading & working. Two heavy Showers.

26. Thurs

Working & Studying. Hauled in 2 loads of hay.

27. Fri

James took Mary's Rockaway to Staunton for repairs. I am pretty well. Rained much last night. Hay in cock too wet to put in.

28. Sat

Studying. Feel dull. Not a hay-day.

29. Sab

Very unwell this morning-better after breakfast. Preached at Bethel to a good Congregation Preparation Sabbath.

30. Mon

Again breakfasted in bed. Working & reading.

31. Tues

I have been unwell all day-taking cold. Could not sit up much or read. James went to Staunton for the Rockaway.

August, 1866

August 1. Wed

I rested better last night & am better today. Finished hauling in hay-the end of harvest.

2. Thur.

A more unwell-did not rise till 10 a.m. Can do nothing.

3. Fri

A little better-rose at 8 a.m. James etc. mending our road.

4. Sat

Very unwell, but went to Bethel, & moderated the session. Received Francis Walton Lewis, my grandson, into the Communion of the Church. Thanks be to God.

Aug. 4th 1866. Sat (continued)

This the day before the Communion. M^r Flournoy preached very well. I Ordained three Elders-Benjamin F. M^cClung, James Hays and Archibald F. Sproul, with the imposition of hands. They were elected January 14^th last. M^r Flournoy went to get the aid of M^r. Preston on tomorrow, but he could not come. M^r Flournoy returned here and spent the night.

5. Sab

Went to Bethel, though very unwell. M^r Flournoy preached well on Matthew I took the whole communion service, and blessed be God, he strengthened me & enabled me to conduct in some good degree acceptably. Came home much fatigued.

6. Mon

I rested tolerably well & am better than for several days. Working & Reading. M^rs Paxton etc here.

7. Tues

Very unwell-did not rise till 10 1/2 a.m. then better. Reading a little. Betsey Blackwood & M^rs William Swink spent the day here.

8. Wed

I am better. Working & reading.

9. Thurs

Not so well. Sent Roxa D. Bent to Staunton on her way home to Winchester. I gave her $9.00 to pay her stage fare etc. She has been a kind & faithful friend in our trouble. has been here nine months.

She has been here nine Months today.

10. Fri

Had a very uncomfortable night with headache. This morning very unwell. Very weak today.

11. Sat

A little better. Reading & studying a little.

12. Sab

Felt great debility, but went to Bethel and preached 45 minutes with a degree of energy that I did not think I was capable of. Came home very much fatigued.

13. Mon

Spent a night of extreme exhaustion-better today. Mary went to M^r Pilson's Reverend M^r Golzendaner here.

14. Tues

I had a better night but feel great debility today. Could only read a little. Lay much on the Sofa.

15. Wed

Very unwell after breakfast. Reading & working. James went to the Baptist association at Goshen.

16. Thurs

I am still very feeble-can do nothing but read. Reverend J.S. Blain spent last night with us.

17. Fri

I am rather better. Reading & writing with us.

18. Sat

About as yesterday. Wrote to D^r. B.M. Smith, D^r. Brown General Patterson & James Patrick. A good Shower.

19. Sab

Spent an uncomfortable night-too unwell to go to Bethel-unwell all day. M^r Flournoy preached-he & Brainard M^cClung dined here. M^r Flournoy going to Hampden Sidney expecting to be married.

1866. Aug. 20. Mon

I rested rather better last night. But today I am by no means well-very weak.

21. Tues

Had a bad night & very unwell today-in bed all day. Head & stomach disordered. John Plunkett whitewashing yesterday & today.

22. Wed

The early part of last night better but worse in the morning-took out very weak. I rested all day. Plunkett still here whitewashing. James returned.

23. Thurs

Rather better, but in bed all day. Plunkett still here.

24. Fri

Very unwell the early part of last night. This morning better. At 3 p.m. rose & dressed myself-the first time since Monday. John Plunkett finished whitewashing. He charges $2.50 per day when he uses his own brush. He did this work in payment of a Barrel of Flour got more than a year ago.

25. Sat

Sitting up yesterday fatigued me so that I spent a very uncomfortable night & today too unwell to rise. In bed all day. Weather cool and dry.

26. Sab

No better-in bed all day. Suffer from a sense of sickness after eating. No preaching at Bethel. Alas.

27. Mon

Spent a restless wakeful night-very unwell this morning, then better. D^r. Tate came to see me. Hauling manure on the Orchard.

Aug. 28th Tues

Took a blue pill at night & in the morning. Had a restless night & today more comfortable. Still confined to bed. James & Mary went to Staunton sent my letter to General Patterson. D^r. Humphreys came to see me.

29. Wed

I am better today than for a week, I think, but still in bed. Sat in a chair 15 or 20 minutes. My appetite is good. Weakness my chief complaint.

30. Thurs

Not so well. M^r Humphreys, M^r Blackwood & M^r M^cPheeters came to see me. Took Blue mass.

31. Fri

Rested pretty well-took oil-did well. Better. At 3 p.m. rose & dressed-up till 6.

September, 1866

September 1. Sat

Rested pretty well, but quite unwell after breakfast, could not rise till 4.35' p.m. up till 8.35' We had M^r Plecker's eight-horse threshing Machine taking out our wheat & oats. Wheat 128 pounds needing farther cleaning. Oats 104 Bushels J. Wright, Nutty, Weaver & Allen's Son for Lou. Johns helping.

2. Sab

I am as usual. Rose at 12 Mid-day up 4 hours. M^rs McFarland remained at home with me. Others went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached.

1866. September 3. Mon

I rested better than usual. Rose at 11 a.m. up 6 1/2 hours. M^r Flournoy came to see me.

4. Tues

Rose at 9 a.m. up till night. Strength increasing.

5. Wed

Rose at 8.15' a.m. sick after breakfast. Up till 8 p.m. Finished plowing the Northwest field.

6. Thurs

Did not rest so well. Unwell this morning, did not rise till 11.30', rather better. Up till 8.30' p.m. Took Blue pill-continue bileous.

7. Fri

Took Oil, it did well, but I was sick all the morning. Rose about noon, but could sit up but little.

8. Sat

Very unwell this morning-rose at 10 a.m. My pulse intermitted more this morning than I ever knew it before-sometimes every other beat. In the afternoon much better. Up till 8.30' p.m.

9. Sab

Rested pretty well-rose at 8.30' a.m. up till 7.45' p.m. All the white family went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy they said preached well.

10. Mon

Rode around the meadow-the first time I have out of the yard for a month. M^rs M^cFarland went to see M^r Gilkeson who is ill with Pneumonia. M^r & M^rs Flournoy spent the night with us.

Sept. 11.

I had a pretty good night. rose at 8.15' M^r Pilson came to see me & presented me $55.00 to purchase me a suit of clothes if I choose so to use it, being $5.00 from M. Pilson, R.T. Wallace, John T. Shields, D.A. Trite, John Merritt John M. Tate, A.S. Sproul, William F. Smith, John M^c Clure, F.M. Gilkeson & David Kunkle.

12. Wed

I rested pretty well-when I woke, was as well as usual. After M^rs McFarland rose I fell asleep & slept 15 or 20 minutes & when I awoke I was very unwell-pulse very irregular & a great sense of oppression. I continued unwell all day & did not rise till 5 p.m. & still feeling badly.

13. Thurs

I rested tolerably well, and am much better today, especially in the afternoon.

14. Fri

I continue better. Went in my Buggy to see M^r William J. Gilkeson & spent the afternoon there. This the first day I have felt able to ride so far. Finished seeding the Northwest field. Sowed on it 17 Bushels of wheat.

15. Sat

I rested as well as usual but have been sick all day. Sowed 3 Bushels of wheat on the lot North of the house.

16. Sab

Rested tolerably well. With anxiety went to Bethel & stood it better than expected though I came home much fatigued. M^r Flournoy preached.

17. Mon

I rested pretty well, but am not as well as usual today. Can hardly read or write any. Sarah Bragg came here.

18. Tues

Not well in the morning, but better in the afternoon.

19. Wed

I am better. The Presbytery of Lexington meet at Bethel. I attended all day. Reverend William G. Campbell preached the opening serMonday Reverend Bell was elected Moderator. Reverend Messrs. Baker & Buffner & M^rs E.H. Brown came home with us.

20. Thurs

Attended Presbytery all day. M^r See preached. D^r. White M^r Campbell S. Brown & M^r Daniel Blain came home with us.

21.

Attended Presbytery all day. M^r Houston preached his trial Sermon & was ordained. I made the prayer at the Ordination. D^r. Bowman, John R. Bowman M^r Bell, M^r Hogshead & D^r. Humphreys here-also M^rs E.H. Brown, suffered less than I expected.

22. Sat

Felt very unwell through the night & this morning. I attended Presbytery all day,-attended the meeting of Session.

Sept. 22. Sat continued.

Received Bettie P. Graham on Examination & David Kunkle & Sallie Kunkle on Certificate from Hebron. M^r Junkin preached an excellent SerMonday

23. Sab

Went to Bethel. Reverend M^r Bell preached a good & an impressive Sermon from John 3:16. D^r. F. Bowman introduced the Communion Service-Reverend S. Brown made the prayer & distributed the Bread. D^r. White distributed the Cup & returned thanks. M^r John Pike Bowman made the closing address to non-communicants. Thanks be to God the whole meeting has been a pleasant one, no uncomfortable jars.

Reverend E. Thomas came home with us & Squire Montgomery & his sister M^rs Gleady & her daughter, & M^r Bell & M^rs Lockridge from Mt Solon. Mary Guy & M^r Irvine & A. Bratton & Sarah Bragg-ten persons & seven horses.

24. Mond.

Had Asthma worse than for a long season, felt badly this morning-could not go to Breakfast nor worship, poorly all day. Our company all left us. James took Sarah Bragg home.

25. Tues

I am rather better. M^rs M^cFarland & I visited M^r William J. Gilkeson who has been worse but is better today.

1866. Sept. 26. Wed

I am much improved today.

27. Thurs

About as yesterday can scarcely read.

28. Fri

Still find my food produces sick stomach, and unfits me for everything.

Sowed ten Bushels of wheat in the Orchard today.

29. Sat

[illeg.] [entire sentence illegible] Near noon a genuine Northeast Storm commenced-the Equinoctial, I suppose.

30. Sab

Weather as yesterday. Did not rise till 3 p.m. feel more debility as usual-all went to Bethel but Mary Lou & I.

October, 1866

October 1. Mon

I am better than usual-rose at 8.15'. M^rs M^cFarland went to see widow Hays & M^rs Brawford I copied some Minutes of Synod. Day Cloudy, but fair.

2. Tues

I rested pretty well. M^rs M^cFarland spent the night at M^r Brawford's. I continue better. Continued to copy minutes of Synod.

3. Wed

I spent an uncomfortable night, a sense of oppression & my head disordered. Did not rise till after noon. M^r Pilson dined with us. M^rs M^cFarland & I went to see M^r Gilkeson-he is much worse & I fear he will not recover.

October 4. Thurs

I am better. James brought home a Bullcalf, which he got in exchange from Colonel Turk. It is said to be most [illeg.] object.

5. Fri

A little better. Wrote to D^r. William Brown & to General R. Patterson.

6. Sat

I rested pretty well, but after eating my breakfast in bed I became so sick I could not rise till near 11 O'clock. Still feel very weak.

7. Sab

Did not rest well till after Midnight. All the white family went to Bethel. I felt so weak I took no part. Came home much fatigued, but M^r Gilkeson is so low I went to see him. I am greatly exhausted. M^r Flournoy preached.

8. Mon

I spent an uncomfortable night-a dull pain in my breast, induced I think by the jolting of the Buggy, has made & kept me very restless. I did not rise till 10 a.m. and then no better. At 4 p.m. went to bed to apply mustard to my breast. James set off for M^cDowell before day to bring home our steers.

At 6 O'clock P.M. my excellent friend. William J. Gilkeson died. Alas, he was one of my best & unwavering friends. I had great confidence in his piety.

1866. October 9. Tuesday.

I am now satisfied that the pain & soreness in my breast is from cold taken in church on the Sabbath a chilled atmosphere & no fire. I burned my breast severely with mustard both last night & this morning. Did not rise till 11 a.m. better in the evening.

10. Wed

I rested badly. Soreness on my breast continues. It rained in heavy drops till the afternoon. I rose at Mid-day. Not able to attend the funeral of William J. Gilkeson. M^rs M^cFarland & Mary there.

11. Thurs

I am a little better. Copied a page of minutes. Rained much in the night & this morning.

12. Fri

I rested pretty well, but feel more prostration today than heretofore-my breast feels worse. I again burned it with Mustard.

George Pilson came with the sad news that Jennie Pilson died this morning at 8 1/2 O'clock.

13. Sat

Rested tolerably & am about as yesterday.

14. Sab

I am rather better today, but could not go to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached-Mary at home.

M^rs Rebecca Brawford died this morning. She was, I think, a truly pious woman & one of my warm friends. Saw her last, June 29^th.

Octr. 15. Mon

I spent a bad night, & this morning had a violent chill which lasted a long time, and while D^r. Tate was here I became unconscious & could neither speak nor swallow for about 5 minutes. In bed all day, my head feels badly.

Killed some Beef weighing 325 pounds

I have painful [illeg.] & am seriously burdened, I think with suppressing of urine. Took hip-bath.

16. Tues

Slept better, but the painful symptoms continue. Took another hip-bath which has been very beneficial. Took a dose of Salts. Uncomfortable.

18. Wed. Thurs

Spent an uncomfortable night, this morning feel badly under the operation of medicine. Micturition somewhat less painful. Closely confined to bed. [I have somehow lost a day this week.]

19. Fri

Rested badly. The suffering about the same. Sent for D^r. Tate-he came-made but little change.

20. Sat

No better, spent a restless night, pain continues-a little improvement otherwise. D^r. Humphreys came to see me.

1866. October 21. Sab

Spent not a very comfortable night, but one greatly relieved as I now pass water with very little pain. This is indeed a very great mercy.

22. Mon

Spent a restless might I awake out of sleep with a sense of exhaustion & oppression. I am very feeble. James went to Staunton, D^r. Tate here M^r Pilson also came to see me.

23. Tues

Had a more comfortable night. But after Breakfast, I became very sick-not more so for years. Was overwhelmed with female visitors. M^rs M^cClung, M^rs D.C. Gilkeson & Miss Gilkeson, sister to M^rs M^cC. M^rs Pilson & M^rs Vanlear. M^rs Coleman, M^rs R.Y. Conrad & M^rs Fantleroy Wife of D^r. Fanterloy The last three stayed all night.

24. Wed

A restless night. Much depressed. Pulse weak & small, but improved. M^r Flournoy called & prayed-affected my head badly.

25. Thurs

Had a better night-after breakfast, not so well. M^r Pilson & M^rs Wright here. In the afternoon better than usual-read some in the Central Presbyterian

October 26. Fri

Had a bad night from nervousness. today about as other days.

27. Sat

rested imperfectly, in the morning a little better. Ate a little rice pudding for my dinner which I thought disagreed with me & had a very quiet afternoon. Mary & her children went to Staunton.

28. Sab

The night & day rather better than the preceding, but neither comfortable.

29. Mon

Slept tolerably, but night & day as uncomfortable as usual. Rained all day.

30. Tues

Had a better night than usual & better today, which I ascribe to the relief of my bowels by medicine. D^r. Tate & M^r Flournoy came.

31. Wed

Suffered with my head the early part of last night. This morning felt extreme depression, but rallied. D^r. Tate & D^r. Humphreys here.

November, 1866

November 1. Thurs

Had a pretty good night, but my food produced great discomfort. M^r A.F. Humphreys & M^rs Christian from Indiana, daughter of John Humphreys came to see me.

1866. Nov. 2. Fri

Rested very badly the early part of last night, & am by no means as well as usual today. The eruption on my limbs is again troubling me.

3. Sat

Spent a very feverish restless night, caused I think by eating a piece of sweet potato. Today I have been very unwell. M^rs King, M^rs J. Henderson & D^r. Tate here.

4. Sab

Slept pretty well-eruption [illeg.] some better today, appetite better.

5. Mon

Slept tolerably-feel better. M^r A.F. Sproul called on his way to Synod in New York, & with him I sent the various papers & documents necessary from me as Stated Clerk & Treasurer. Also a letter Resigning those offices, & $22.00 the balance in the Treasury. M^r Pilson came to see me & M^r M^cPheeters just returned from Iowa. My head felt badly-otherwise better.

6. Tues

Last night was one of the most distressing of my life, from an indescribable affection of my head.

[page 375]
I feared I should have lost my reason & about midnight woke my wife to be here. But God in mercy enabled me to sleep a good deal & the distress abated but continues more or less today. It is probably the effect of Quinine pills. Cold.

9. Fri

Eruption troublesome last night. Today I am better than usual. I made out my account of "Income" Wrote to the Journal of Commerce & enclosed two Dollars for the Wakely Journal for one year. Paid E.T. M^cGuffin for Francis' coffin & the use of his hearse twenty-five dollars, $25.00

10. Sat

Eruption aggravated, took Salt in the night, which relieved me. Today farther improved. Got in all the Corn from behind the Run.

11. Sab

Better. Frank stayed with me-others went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached. Unable to sit up yet out of bed. D^r. Alexander Waddell came & made me a very kind visit.

1866. Nov. 12. Mon

Terrible night. My pulse became alarmingly [illeg.] but in the morning became better. I was not as uncomfortable today as yesterday.

James went to Staunton & made [illeg.] of taxable property. [illeg.] [entire sentence illegible]

13. Tues

Slept pretty well but on my left side-my right hench so sore could not lie on it. Feel still better today.

14. Wed

I rested pretty well, & today am still better than heretofore. M^r Flournoy & James Hays here.

15. Thurs

Eruption worse. Not at all well today.

16. Fri

Contrary to my fears, I had a pretty comfortable night & today feel a decided improvement. At 1.40' p.m. I rose & put on my Clothes for the first time since October 15^th Reclining occasionally on the sofa, I remained up till 7 p.m.

James set off to bring me sulfur water from Crawford's Spring for the eruption.

Ate my supper out of bed.

Nov. 17. Sat

The eruption troubled me much till midnight after that slept pretty well. Rose at 10 am & remained up till [illeg.]. I was engaged in reading [illeg.]. James returned with with sulphur water but when it arrived I found not any taste or smell of sulphur. D^r. Humphreys came to see me.

18. Sab

The Eruption very troublesome last night. Rose at 10.30' a.m. Up till 3 p.m. Do not feel so well this afternoon. All at Bethel but Mary. M^r Flournoy preached.

19. Mon

Suffered with the Eruption last night. Rose at 10 a.m. up till 7 p.m.

20. Tues

The suffering from the eruption same to increase each succeeding night. Last night could not sleep till near midnight, then slept tolerably till near 4 a.m. then no more till morning. Rose at 11 a.m. up till 1 p.m.-my appetite is very good.

21. Wed

Had a better night-rose at 9.15' up till M^r M^cGilney here fixing Mary's sewing Machine.

22. Thurs

My suffering was very great last night till after midnight, then slept imperfectly.

1866. Nov. 22. Thurs continued.

I remained in bed all day hoping the eruption would be less irritated. Not too uncomfortable. M^r M^cGilney came back to fix my sewing machine.

23. Fri

I was more comfortable last night & slept pretty well. Still feel badly-did not rise till after 12 Mid-day Day cold & I am chilly. Up till 5 p.m.

24. Sat

Rested tolerably rose at 9 a.m. Up till 7 1/2 p.m. I am better than usual-dined with my family for the first time in perhaps in six weeks.

M^r Pilson dined with us.

25. Sab

The eruption worse, especially on lower arms. Did not rise till 2 p.m. Up only till 4 p.m.

I am very uncomfortable every where; all the family went to Bethel but Frank. M^r Flournoy preached, & appointed to preach to the Negroes at 3 p.m. which he did.

26. Mon

Had a rather better night than the preceding. Rose at 9.45' a.m. Up till 7.30' I am better today. William Hall came & I paid him 8 dollars in full of my Note for $50, currency, (Confederate) being Rhoda's hire for 1864. Note mislaid-took a receipt in full.

Nov. 27. Tues

From 9 till after 10 last night, I suffered severely with the eruption, especially in my arms. Then slept tolerably till 4 a.m. when it again became excited. Today I am pretty easy. Rose at 9 a.m. up till 8 p.m.

Yesterday James went to Staunton & bought of Alby an Overcoat-cost $17.00 Mary & James went to Greenville. Mary remained.

28. Wed

Suffered much as usual last night in my arms till after 11 O'clock, then slept tolerably, rose at 10 a.m. up till 7.30' p.m. It is remarkable that I am very little troubled in day light.

29. Thurs

Suffered but little last night or today. But I am not very well today. M^rs M^cFarland also quite unwell yesterday & today.

30. Fri

Spent the most comfortable night I have experienced for many Weeks-thanks be to God. M^r Flournoy came home with Mary.

December, 1866

1866 December 1. Sat

The eruption has troubled me but little & I am pretty comfortable. Got in the last of our corn except what was cut up, the crop is a good one for the ground we had planted; the Crib is which I think holds Bushels of corn.

2. Sab

Last night the eruption a little more troublesome. The day very cold. M^rs McFarland & I remained at home. I am pretty comfortable. I have not been at Bethel since the 7^th of October 8 weeks-have been brought very low & as I thought near to death & suffered much, but the Lord has spared me-may he enable me to promote his Glory on the earth.

3. Mon

During a part of last very uncomfortable. Today well as for several days past.

4. Tues

Rested better-today am as usual.

5. Wed

Rested pretty well-am still improving, I think. Rode out a little on horseback.

6. Thurs

Rose early & at 9 a.m. Mary & I set off for M^r Sproul's wehre we arrived without stopping at 11.30'. At 12.45' I married Samuel Hays Bell & Emaline Louisa Sproul, and for which I received a fee of $50. which certainly was very generous.

The company was small but pleasant. I thought it safest for me to come home, which I did-was much fatigued but not otherwise the worse-thanks be to God.

7. Fri

As well as usual. Rode down to see M^r & M^rs M^cPheeter, who have been very ill. Reverend M^r Walker came & spent the night with us.

8. Sat

It rained so heavily this morning that M^rs McFarland & I did not go to Bethel, although the day before our Communion-I was afraid. M^r Walker they say preached a good SerMonday

9. Sab

Went to Bethel & moderated the Session, & Received Thompson Lambert (son of Harvey Lambert) on

[page 382]
1866 Examination, thought to be a very promising young man, & said to be very desirous of a liberal education. M^r Walker preached well. I Baptized young Lambert, & then introduced the ordinance of the Last Supper & served the first Table, thanks be to God for the privilege. M^r Walker served the second & closed the service. M^r Flournoy preached to the Negroes at 3 p.m. M^r & M^rs Flournoy came to spend some days here.

1866. Dec. 10. Mon

Very cold-Killed a cow for Beef. M^r & M^rs Flournoy here all day.

11. Tues

Still very cold. I rested better than usual-was not disturbed by the Eruption. With difficulty could keep warm. M^r & M^rs Flournoy still here.

12. Wed

Rested tolerably, but the cold weather seems to have caused the Eruption to increase. M^rs Gilkeson & M^rs Christian (from Indiana) here, also D^r. Tate. M^r & M^rs Flournoy left us.

13. Thurs

Eruption more troublesome. Weather very cold. Killed six Hogs-weight 140, 187, 200, 233, 244, 315 = 1319, which at 8 cents per pound is $105.52

1866. Dec. 14. Fri

About as yesterday in health. The day very cold no variation in temperature!!!

15. Sat

[illeg.] the coldest. I suffered intensely last night for a short time with neuralgia it is extending. In the day I am [illeg.]

Wrote to General Patterson & Reverend Joseph Smith Doctor of Divinity

16. Sab

Spent a pretty comfortable night-very cold. Last evening before sunset, the first snow of the season began to fall & continued moderately till near noon, today about 5 inches fell. None of the family went to Church.

17. Mon

Everything much as usual. Cold.

18. Tues

As usual-reading-cannot keep warm.

19.

Today I married Christian G. Merritt & Elisabeth E. Wilson. I recd. the liberal fee of $20. The day was comparatively mild, but my lungs are so sensitive I took some cold.

20. Thurs

I spent a restless & suffering night-the eruption harassed me exceedingly.

Reverend Henry Brown spent the night with us. James went to Staunton & brought 10 pounds Sugar at 16 2/3 & one pounds of Tea at $2.50

21. Fri

Day very cold-rested better last night. D^r Humphries & his children came & Finby M^cClure.

1866. Dec. 22. Sat

I had a distressing night with pain in my left breast-no doubt in consequence of the Cold taken on Wednesday. The pain abated before day, but continued to [illeg.] all day. I did not rise till noon. D^r. Humphreys & Finby M^cC. went away & left David & Theda. Paid Caroline in full.

23. Sab

My cough was distressing part of last night. Rose at 11.15' a.m. but feel badly. James, Frank & David went to Church. M^r Flournoy preached the last Sermon of his engagement.

24. Mon

Last night applied a mustard plaster to my breast & coughed but little. The mildness of the weather seems to have relieved me much today. I settled with Jefferson Howard this evening & paid him in full $84.25 He has received a Coat, Vest, Pantaloons and shoes. He lost 27 days.

I have hired him for next year at $120-no clothes.

25. Tues

Had a restless night, coughing: rose before 9 a.m. This is Christmas the Children enjoy it-I think the ordinary observance of the day wrong-has no divine warrant.

26. Wed

Coughed hard last night. Wrote to M^r Blanton. Received a letter from General R. Patterson. Cold weather.

Dec. 27. Thurs

Very cold. At daybreak 14 at 10 a.m. 10 at noon 11 afternoon 15 at 8 p.m. 6.

I was sent to preach at the funeral of M^rs Sally Hays tomorrow but I had to decline. I think it would risk my life to go out in such intensely cold weather. M^r Pilson here.

28. Fri

Colder. Reverend M^r Preston preached at the Funeral of M^rs Hays. I am gaining strength. I suffer with extreme itching in my back in the evenings.

29. Sat

Still [illeg.]. I coughed very hard last night. James went to Staunton.

30. Sab

So cold I dare not to leave the house. James and Frank went to Bethel-Reverend Henry Brown preached. The Congregation, I am told, voted unanimously to invite M^r Flournoy to supply them six months longer at a salary of $350. for the time. May God bless the work.

31. Mon

About 4 inches of snow fell last night. Diana, a coloured woman formerly belonging to M^r Shields came here & I hired her at a dollar per week.

1867

January, 1867

1867. January 1. Tuesday

Through God's Mercy I am tolerably comfortable. My chief affliction is that the morbid humour which produced the Eruption now occasions a very troublesome itching in my back. I am gaining strength but my lungs are so liable to Bronchitis that I dare not expose myself at all in a cold atmosphere. During the last year, I have regularly taken my breakfast in bed with the exception of perhaps a dozen times.

My wife & Daughter & Son James & Mary's children enjoy their usual health. D^r. Humphries & his children who are now here enjoy good health. For all this I would render most hearty thanks to the God of mercy.

On the 21^st of July last my poor Son Francis was taken from us but blessed be God, we have hope in his death. Thus we are becoming very few on earth

I have preached very little the last year from sickness, & I fear shall be able to preach but little more. The Congregation must have another Pastor.

Jany. 2. Wed

Very cold. James set off to meet a wedding party at M^r Bratton's to go by Railroad from Swoope's Depot.

3. Thurs

Night very cold. We have procured a little girl (colored, Maria) for her victuals and clothes. She came yesterday. Jefferson Howard also commenced work yesterday.

4. Fri

The itching is less troublesome I think. James returned. Weather a little moderated.

5. Sat

The eruption has disappeared, & the itching in my back has almost ceased. I think that taking Epsom salts, every 3^d or 4^th night has had a good effect. But it is so cold I dare not venture out for fear of Bronchitis.

6. Sab

The day too cold for me to venture to go to Bethel. Mary, James & Frank went & took David & his Father took him home to go to school. Theda still here. A Collection was taken for Missions.

7. Mon

I have suffered for two nights with the laborious breathing like Asthma. Feel very dull & alas, can do almost nothing.

1867. Jan. 8. Tuesday.

My Birth-day!!! Glory be to God Most High, who has spared my life to see the end of my 79^th year & to enter on my 80^th. I wonder at it-for in my life I never expected to reach such an age. I wonder too that my faculties are as yet very little impaired except my bodily strength & I am strong enough to preach if the weather were such that my lungs would not be in danger of bronchitis. My sight is wonderfully improved-I can now read ordinary print without glasses. My hearing is good. In regard to my mental faculties, I am conscious of no failure except in remembering names.

I rest pretty well at night, & have a good appetite.

9. Wed

A little unwell. On yesterday James took two steers we raised & sold them to M^r Samuel H. Bell. The weighed-one 1000 pounds the other 874 at 5 cents per pound gross = $93.70

10. Thurs

I am better, but grieved that I am almost like a hibernating animal-just trying to pass the winter & hoping in the Spring to be reinvigorated. May the Lord cause me to grow in grace.

Jan. 11. Fri

Health is of late. Day very cold, cannot venture out. We are now getting on comfortably in our domestic affairs-servants doing very well.

12. Sat

Still uncomfortably Cold. I am as usual. Wrote to Reverend D^r. William Brown.

13. Sab

Snow fell last night 3 inches-day damp & cloudy. I could not go to Bethel, no preaching. M^r Flournoy wrote, I learn, that he must know whether the Congregation would engage to pay him in currency at its present value; and where he can board.

Last night till near 3 a.m. I spent an exceedingly nervous & restless night & almost sleepless.

14. Mon

Some snow in the night, but a very heavy Rain this morning. In the afternoon 2 inches of snow. I am pretty well. Finished my letter of 6 pages to D^r. Brown.

15. Tues

I am pretty well. Reading only. Liz. went to Staunton.

16. Wed

Employed as yesterday. Letter from M^r Blanton. Also from Winchester-Messrs Bent better.

17. Thurs

Very cold. Reading. Pretty well. M^r. Pilson here.

18. Fri

This morning in my sleep, the right side of my head became painfully affected with a dizzy confused sensation & it continued through the day. In the evening a little better. James & Jefferson helping M^r M^c Pheeters to get ice.

1867. Jan. 19. Sat

Last night I suffered all night from the state of my head. The pain extending from my neck-also from a pain in my knees.

I greatly feared a day of suffering, but thanks be to God, I am almost entirely relieved.

20. Sab

I am as usual in health, but the day so cold I dared not to go to Bethel. James & Frank went. Reverend Henry Brown was expected but did not come. About 10 1/2 a.m. it began to snow with a strong Northeast wind & continued to snow very fast all day. After dark say 8 p.m. it ceased.

21. Mon

I suffered much with Asthma last night from 2 a.m. till morning, but today I have been as well as usual. In the evening M^r Robert Patterson of Tennessee who has been attending Judge Brokenburoughs two lectures.

22. Tues

I had a distressing night with Asthma, all night. Today feel very languid. M^r Patterson seems a very pleasant gentleman. He is on his way to be married to a Miss Gastleman of Clark County in this state.

23. Wed

Slept on the sofa till near 6 a.m. Feel very dull. James took Robert Patterson Esquire to Staunton.

Jan. 24. Thurs

Lay on the sofa all night, some asthma. Feel exceedingly tired all day.

27. Sab

Spent a suffering night on the sofa. Lay down at 6 a.m. & rose at 4.30' p.m. M^r J. Brown went away because M^r Flournoy was expected.

28. Mon

Remained in bed all night by keeping up the fire. Today not well, & have a distressing pain in my back. Could scarcely read any. James went to Staunton.

29. Tues

Had our bed moved nearer the fire, & lay all night by M^rs M^cFarland rising & recruiting the fire. My back a little better, but I was unwell all day. Received payment for the two steers sold to M^r Samuel H. Brown $93.75 Gave James $10. of it. M^rs E. Merritt here.

30. Wed

Still uncomfortable. Moved our bed into the Dining room. The study is too cold. Reading.

31. Thurs

I am better-rested pretty well. Reading.

February, 1867

1867. February 1. Fri

Rested pretty well. But after I ate my breakfast in bed I was sick to my stomach till noon. Mary & James took Theda to M^r R.T. Wallace's. She has been here six weeks. This the warmest day for nearly two months.

2. Sat

Better today. Thick fog today-very damp.

3. Sab

Day pleasant but cold. I was too unwell to go to Bethel. M^r Flournoy returned last night & today preached the first time of the second six months. He has been absent since before Christmas.

4. Mon

Day mild-moderate rain. I am better.

A letter from Winchester reports Nathaniel Bent to be a great sufferer with inflamatory Rheumatism, entirely helpless. I fear his life is in danger.

5. Tues

I spent a restless night, slept almost none till after midnight-very unwell-did not rise till near 2 p.m.

6. Wed

Rested better. Reading as usual.

7. Thurs

Rested tolerably-sick after breakfast. Reverend M^r Erwin dined with us-a pleasant Brother.

8. Fri

I am as usual-quite infirm & suffer pain. Day very gloomy. Wrote to Reverend L.H. Blanton.

Feb. 9. Sat

I suffered much with pain last night but am comparatively free from it in the latter part of the day. This day more gloomy & wet than yesterday.

10. Sab

The wind high, and it turned very cold. Suffered rather less last night, but not as well as usual today. M^r Flournoy was taken with Typhoid fever last Monday night at M^r Sprouls. No preaching today at Bethel.

Reverend Luther Emerson, it is said, was buried today. Alas! He was a good man & leaves a family, I suppose, with very slender support.

11. Mon

I rested badly the early part of last night. Today I am about as yesterday-perhaps a little more comfortable in the afternoon.

12. Tues

Rested pretty well, better today. The Miss Humphreys from Indiana & Mary Humphreys (A.F.Humphreys''s daughter) dined here. Reverend E.D. Junkin came to see me and stayed all night, making me a very pleasant Brotherly visit. Mary left home to make a visit to Colonel William P. Tate in Staunton, who is said to be very low.

1867. Feby. 13.

I felt poorly last night I was wretched [illeg.] by a slight eruption on my right hip. I feel great prostration today in consequence.

14. Thurs

I rested rather better last night, but did not rise till 11 a.m. Better today.

15. Fri

My health about the same.

16. Sat

Not so good a night, & had a sick day. My morning sickness is as usual irritable. Colonel John Lilley came to get me to give a testimonial to his brother General R.D. Lilley who is now acting as an agent for the endowment of Washington College. I prepared it.

17. Sab

Rested imperfectly. A sick day. Did not rise till noon. No preaching at Bethel. M^r Flournoy there but not able to preach.

18. Mon

James went to Staunton and paid our Revenue tax on 3 Gold watches & a Buggy = $4.00 also bought several necessaries & brought Mary home.

19. Tues

Not well a.m. better p.m.

M^r M^cPheeter and M^r James Bumgarner came to see me. A moderate rain in the afternoon & night.

Feb. 20. Wed

I began to use Drakes. Irritation better. I have felt better today. Received a letter from M^rs Annie G. Patterson with much pleasure.

21. Thurs

I have had distressing chills. Have bad nights not any better in the two last days but [illeg.] today did not rise till 1 p.m.

22. Fri

I rested better last night. [illeg.] Rose at 8 1/2 a.m. Mercury falling throughout the day.

23. Sat

A better night. Better today-nothing new.

24. Sab

Had another chill last night, better in the morning, but the Bitter sickness I could not rise till noon.

The white family all went to church. M^r Flournoy preached, though weak from his recent sickness. A little before night pain struck me in my kidneys.

25. Mon

The pain continued all night. I rose at 8 a.m. but had to return to bed at noon, on account of the pain being worse.

26. Tues

[deleted: Pained all night]. Suffered with pain all night, but slept. Remained in bed all day-not suffering much when still, but every movement gave pain.

27. Wed

Rested as well as I could expect, perhaps a little better today, but not much. Began to plow for corn in the Northeast field. In bed all day.

March, 1867

March 1. Fri

Rested better I am a little better. Rose & dressed at 9 a.m. up 2 1/2 hours.

2. Sat

Spent a wretched night [illeg.] much worse I think from being up yesterday. I was sick & suffering otherwise. I was quite unwell till noon-then better-in bed all day.

3. Sab

Suffered much with pain in my back, but slept more than usual. Today still suffer rather more than usual. James & Frank went to Bethel-M^r Flournoy preached. Day cold & uncomfortable.

4. Mon

Had a suffering night-after breakfast sick. A little easier in the afternoon. M^r Flournoy came to see me-also D^r. Tate came & prescribed-to use volatile liniment with Chloroform.

5. Tues

About as usual-no sickness but a slight chill. Day very gloomy-So wet cannot plow.

10. Sab

[illeg.] [illeg.] [illeg.] Much rain. M^r Flournoy preached to a small Congregation

11. Mon

Rested better, & am better than usual. Snow mostly disappeared. D^r. Tate came to see me.

12. Tues

About as yesterday. John Gilkeson here.

13. Wed

Back more pained. Rose & dressed at 11 1/2 a.m. & up till 3 p.m.

14. Thurs

A pretty easy night-rose at 9.15' up till 6 p.m. Day cold. Today M^r Waddy's School closed.

15. Fri

Last night & today I spent about as the preceding. Up from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. D^r Tate here.

1867. March 16. Sat

Slept as usual, but my back much more painful in the night than in the day. It snowed in the night & this morning till about noon. Up from 8.15' a.m. to 8.15 p.m.

17. Sab

Day cold & blustering. James & Frank went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached to about 40 hearers. Francis Gilkeson dine here.

I am sensibly improved less pain.

18. Mon

Spent a bad night in various respects-more pain than for some time & sick all the morning. Rose at 8 a.m. up till 7.45 p.m.

Frank Lewis left here to go to school to M^r Wilson at Christian's Creek. Is to board gratis at M^rs King's. James took Frank over.

19. Tues

Had a better night, & today not sick. Sold to John Brownlee Senior 2 1/4 Bushels of Cloverseed at $9.

20. Wed

About as yesterday. Weather cold & unpleasant. About 4 p.m. it began to rain & soon turned to snow.

21. Thurs

My health as yesterday. We have an Equinoctial Storm in reality a high Northeastern wind & moderate rain, but freezing as it falls-trees & every shrub loaded & many bent down.

March 22. Fri

I am better. Weather not so cold, but continued to snow moderately all day. The ice has mostly melted from the trees.

23. Sat

As well as yesterday. Day cloudy & unpleasant.

24. Sab

Alas the weather & roads are such that M^rs McFarland & I cannot go to Bethel. James, Mary & Mary Lou went. M^r Flournoy preached, they say, very well.

25. Mon

I am pretty comfortable. Delightful clear day. The ground has been covered in the Snow for a good while, but today it has melted away very much.

26. Tues

My health as usual. An unfavorable change in the weather-wind again Northeast Rain at night.

27. Wed

I was quite uncomfortable last night, better today. Joe Fix helping to trim the trees around the house.

28. Thurs

More unwell than usual. Cold. James went to Staunton to make return of Taxable property to the States Assessor. Bought various articles $6.50

29. Fri

Had Asthma last night-unwell this morning. Mary Lewis went to M^r Pilson's & M^rs King's.

30. Sat

I am better today.

31. Sab

Not so well. M^rs McFarland & James went Bethel. I was not well enough. Reverend E.D. Junkin preached & came & spent the night with us.

April, 1867

1867. April 1. Mon

Spent a somewhat restless night. In the afternoon M^r Bumgarner to plow for [illeg.]-had not been able to plow any since March [illeg.].

2. Tues

Did not rest well, & sick after breakfast, & during the forenoon. Good weather for plowing.

3. Wed

Very unwell last & this morning-becoming more so as the night advances. This afternoon better. Sowed clover & timothy seed on the Northwest field.

4. Thurs

I am better. Plowing for Oats-North

5. Fri

Very unwell last night & today uncomfortable.

6. Sat

Still feel unwell. The two Miss Tates Lizzie Merritt, James Patterson & Benjamin F. M^cClung here.

7. Sab

I was too sick to go to Bethel, even if the day had been thought sufficiently mild. It was pleasant but there was a cool wind. M^r Flournoy preached to a good Congregation

8. Mon

I am better today-rode a little through the fields. Plowing for oats by the Springhouse.

9. Tues

Pretty comfortable. M^r William F. Smith came to see me on Congregational business. Dined with us.

10. Wed

As well as yesterday. M^r Pilson came to see me I rode out yesterday & today sowed oats beyond the creek.

April. 11. Thurs

Not at all well. Finished Sowing Oats.

12. Fri

Still unwell-in the afternoon better. Today M^r Flournoy preached preparatory to the communion-M^rs McFarland & James went. I could not go-so unwell, & the day cold & damp.

Plowing for corn in the Northeast field.

13. Sat

Went to Bethel & moderated the session, & received on Examination Hannah C. Henderson. Reverend E.D. Junkin preached. M^rs McFarland & I dined at M^rs James Bumgardners & came home. I was very much fatigued.

14. Sab

Went to Bethel & moderated the session. Reverend M^r Junkin preached-I introduced the Communion Service & M^r Junkin served the Tables & I concluded. It was a pleasant season & I thank God that I had the privilege of attending & participating after an absence of four long months. I was not so much fatigued.

15. Mon

Sick after breakfast-better in the afternoon.

16. Tues

Tolerably well. James took three of our young cattle to be sent to the mountains to pasture John Trimble takes them at 50 cents per month.

17. Wed

Pretty well today. Reading.

1867. Apl. 18. Thurs

Pretty well, rode down to M^rs Gilkeson's. Planted [illeg.] etc.

19. Fri

As usual. M^r Flournoy called.

20. Sat

Tolerably well. Reading.

21. Sab

Went to Bethel M^r Flournoy preached well & I prayed-not so much fatigued as last Sabbath.

22. Mon

I was very unwell last night, have taken cold. This the warmest day for seven months. Removed our bed back into the study after being out nearly three months. Cherry & Peach tress in full bloom.

23. Tues

I spent a wretched night, in consequence, I think, of changing my lodging-the study over the cellar being cool & damp-had my bed moved back again. I have been very unwell today.

24. Wed

Had a better night, & am better today, but very languid. It was raining heavily this morning & a drizzling through the latter part of the day, but Jefferson could plow.

25. Thurs

I am better than for several days.

26. Fri

Not so well this morning-very dull in the afternoon. Today finished plowing the Northeast field for corn.

27. Sat

I am better today. Harrowing corn ground.

April 28. Sab

Went to Bethel M^r Flournoy preached I prayed at the close. Am pretty well fatigued.

29. Mon

Rained nearly all day. Could not harrow. I was reading-unwell in the morning.

30. Tues

Too wet to harrow. Plowing in the lows and at the meadow planting some potatoes. I am better-working a little & read again with renewed interest Scott's [illeg.] of Truth.' Rained fully in the night.

May, 1867

May 1. Wed

Coughed much last night, today I am as well as for some time past.

Still too wet to prepare the ground for planting.

2. Thurs

Cool. M^rs McFarland & I dined at M^r Pilson's.

Went to M^r Christian's & Baptized three of their children two of M^r James Johnstons & one of Archibald Sproul's. Spent the night at M^r Blackwood's.

3. Fri

Did not rest well. Day very cool & damp. Got home by 11.30' a.m. much fatigued-roads bad. Began to plant corn in the Northeast field.

4. Sat

I am much indisposed today. Planting corn.

5. Sab

I was too unwell to go to Bethel-all the white family went-a good Congregation Collection for Foreign Missions M^r Flournoy preached. Rose at 10 a.m. Retired at 5.30' p.m.

1867. May 6. Mon

Still unwell, but better in the afternoon. Marking out for corn.

Had black Caroline shearing our sheep.

7. Tues

Better today. It rained much last night & today steadily all day. Wrote to D^r. E.S. Beard for the Minutes of the Assembly & the Revised form of Government and enclosed One Dollar.

8. Wed

I continued tolerable. Day very cool. Reading.

9. Thurs

I am about as yesterday. The day clear & pleasant. In the afternoon began again to plant corn in the Northeast field-having been delayed by the rain.

10. Fri

Quite sick this morning-rose at 11 a.m. Planting corn. James went to Staunton.

11. Sat

I was very unwell last night, better today, rode out. Finished planting corn in the Northeast field. Mary returned from Staunton-been there since Monday.

12. Sab

Rested rather better-still too unwell to go to Bethel-all the white family went but Mary Lou.

13. Mon

I am better. Planted sorghum

14. Tues

Suffered much with my back & otherwise last night & today, more than for some time. Sent to Staunton 3 Barrels flour sold at 13.75 each for 2 & 12.00 for one, the Barrel defective. Bought 3/4 ton of Plaster for $11.25, 12 yards of Russia Duck $6.00 a Hat for James $2.25-a sack of salt $4.25.

May 15. Wed

Not by any means well. Today the Presbytery of Lexington met at Hebron but alas, I was too unwell to go, and so I fail to enjoy the delightful intercourse with my Brethren which I had hoped for. M^r B.F. M^cClung called on his way to Presbytery Planted late Potatoes.

16. Thurs

Rested badly last night, & so unwell this morning did not rise till after 11 a.m.

17. Fri

Rested a little better, rose at 9 a.m. & feel better than yesterday. Mary & James & Mary Lou went to Hebron.

18. Sat

I am better. M^rs McFarland & I went to Hebron, where I with great pleasure met the Presbytery of Lexington, and was received by the Moderator Reverend E.D. Junkin, with public expressions, kindness & respect which surprized me, and all manifested pleasure to see me there! Oh, I do thank God for the Christian friendship of so many excellent persons.

I Baptized Sarah Lyle, the child of Reverend T.L. Preston. Spent the night at M^r Preston's-his father there.

19. Sab

Did not rest very well: M^r. Samuel Brown introduced the Comunion Service-I closed it. Dined at M^r Prestons & came home-fatigued.

1867. May 20. Mon

Rested rather badly. So unwell, did not rise till 11 a.m. Taking cold. M^r & M^rs Gilkeson & Reverend M^r Kennedy came to see us.

21. Tues

My Cold is worse-so unwell I did not rise till 11 a.m. Very unwell all day. Our company stayed till evening. Sowed some Plaster on clover-hill field.

22. Wed

Had a bad night with coughing-a bad cold. Did not rise till 1.30' p.m. much indisposed.

23. Thurs

Harassed with coughing at night-a little better. M^rs S. Bell & M^rs Christian here.

24. Fri

About as yesterday. M^rs McFarland & Mary went to see Peggy Hays. I was reading.

25. Sat

Moderate rain nearly all day-very damp. I was much indisposed.

26. Sab

Very unwell-did not rise till 1 p.m. then better. M^rs M^cFarland stayed at home with me. Had some heavy showers-fine for vegetation.

27. Mon

Rested rather, sick after breakfast, rose at 10 a.m. Better through the day-James went to Staunton.

28. Tues

Rather Better. Very warm.

29. Wed

Last night the most distressing night I have had lately. Cough extremely harrassing-applied Mustard.

May 30. Thurs

Cough not quite so troublesome. I am better today. This day the Christian Creek School at which Frank Lewis has been ends. Mary & Mary Lou there.

31. Fri

Rested poorly felt better in the morning, but through the day very feeble & not well.

June, 1867

June 1. Sat

[illeg.] [illeg.] I was in bed all day no appetite.

2. Sab

I just [illeg.] but am not much better. M^rs McFarland stayed at home with me the other members of the family went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached I remained in bed all day.

3. Mon

Had a rather better night-rose & dressed at 10 a.m. & though very feeble, remained out of bed all day. D^r. Humphries David came to see us.

On Friday a dog of M^rs Rebecca M^cClure's, afterwards ascertained to be mad, bit David on the forefinger of the left hand, slightly, but it bled. 14 1/2 hours after, the piece was cut out & it appeared that the tooth had not penetrated through the entire skin.

1867. June 4. Tues

I am as well as yesterday. D^r. Tate came again to see me. D^r. Humphreys & David left us after dinner. Finished planting the Corn, & began to work it with the cultivator.

5. Wed

I am about as yesterday but did not rise till 10 a.m. Very pleasant weather. Reading.

6. Thurs

Rested pretty well but I am more feeble than usual. Wrote General Robert Patterson.

James took the Gravestones to Bethel for the graves of Francis & Robert M^cFarland & set them up.

7. Fri

I am better today. M^r Matthew Pilson came and spent the afternoon with me, a very pleasant visit.

8. Sat

My strength somewhat increased. It rained much last night, & heavily this forenoon.

9. Sab

Day too damp, as I thought, for me to go to Bethel. I am as well as yesterday. M^rs McFarland Mary, James and Frank went to Bethel. M^r Flourney preached.

10. Mon

Rather better. M^rs McFarland & Mary went to M^rs Bryan's Working the corn.

11. Tues

Quite sick this morning. In the afternoon I went to M^rs Gilkeson's for M^rs M^cFarland & Mary. M^rs Andrew Gilkeson & Miss Mattie Gilkeson there.

June 12. Wed

Better today. Finished working the corn over once. M^rs M^cFarland and I dined at M^r Hendersons. M^r James Calhoon, Reverend M^r Flournoy & M^r James Hays there. Took some cold.

13. Thurs

Spent an uncomfortable night with coughing. M^r Andrew Bratton & wife (Mary [illeg.]) dined here.

14. Fri

Spent a worse night than that previous did not rise till 4 a.m.-applied mustard to my breast.

15. Sat

Had a better night, but was quite sick after breakfast. Reading & wrote to Reverend William S. Richardson, working in the corn.

16. Sab

Coughed much last night. I would have gone to Bethel but it rained in the morning, & I was afraid to go. All the white family went. A M^r Lacy, son of Reverend Drury Lacy Doctor of Divinity preached. Reverend M^r Kennedy was there and would preach in Greenville in the afternoon.

17. Mon

I am very feeble & unwell today. James & Jefferson went to Staunton & took three Barrels of Flour which James sold for $10.50 per Barrel Bought two Barrels Hydraulic Cement to make a Cistern, at $4.00 per Barrel 10 pounds Coffee. 1/2 Barrel Herrings $4.75 Paid Internal Revenue Tax $3.00 etc.

1867. June 18th Tues

Rested better, but sick after breakfast. M^rs McFarland went to M^r Kunkles & James wet out for Lexington to attend the Commencement.

19. Wed

Spent another bad night-coughed much & hard-feel badly this morning-did not rise till 11 a.m. Another in the afternoon.

20. Thurs

Had a better night but feel badly today. M^r Whitout came to make slaughter for the sheep. M^r Shelley came to help him to [illeg.].

21. Fri

I am about as yesterday.

22. Sat

Sick this morning, but went to Bethel and Baptized the child of James Bumgarners & Mary M. Bumgarndners name James Sewick.

Reverend D^r. B.M. Smith preached a good serMonday I was asked to sit as Chairman of a Congregational meeting to fix the manner of raising the Minister's Salary. It was carried to each of Pewholder how much he would agree to pay in addition to his pew rent.

23. Sab

As well as yesterday. This day was appointed for the administration of the Lord's Lord's Supper, but it rained all day almost without intermission and D^r Smith was afraid to turn out-So was I and it was not done. M^rs Ann Derrick came here last night.

June 24th Mon

About as yesterday. It rained in the night & heavily this morning till about 8 a.m.

25. Tues

I am better today-two heavy thunder showers.

26. Wed

I am not quite so well as yesterday, but rose earlier & been able to read a good deal. Bed returned to study.

27. Thurs

Rose at 8.15' a.m. Rather better today. James & Mary went to Staunton.

28. Fri

As usual. [illeg.]

29. Sat

As usual. Finished second corn plowing.

30. Sab

Escaped sickness this morning. All, black & white went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached a good pastoral sermon on Sanctification of the Sabbath. Isaiah 58:13 Text.

July, 1867

July 1. Mon

I am still better. M^r Flournoy & wife had spent the night with us.

The heat today was very oppressive.

2. Tues

Very unwell all morning-in the afternoon better. Began to cut wheat in the Northwest field with the cradles.

3. Wed

Sick in the morning as yesterday. Cutting wheat in the Northwest field with two Cradles as yesterday.

4. Thurs

Somewhat better-rose at 6.30' a.m.

Still running two cradles cutting wheat-cut the lot below the Corn & part of the lot North of the house. James too unwell to work this afternoon.

1867. July 5. Fri

James too sick to work. I had asthma last night but better today. No harvest hands but Frank & Jeff.

6. Sat

I am better today. James went to Staunton to bring Mary Lou home. No more harvest hands.

7. Sab

Quite sick after breakfast. All went to Bethel but Frank. M^r Flournoy preached well.

Had the pleasure of meeting my dear Friend Reverend D^r. William S. Wink. He & his wife are on their way to [illeg.]

8. Mon

Sick again this morning. Cutting wheat in in the orchard, but could get no help.

9. Tues

Spent an uncomfortable night, feverish & a severe headache which kept me in bed till near 11 a.m.

James & Mary took M^rs Anne Derrick to Staunton, she has been here two weeks & two days.

Today finished cutting wheat-had a cradler.

10. Wed

Had a feverish night, did not rise till 10.50' a.m. better in the afternoon. James & Jefferson went to Greenville to Register as voters. I am not able to go.

11. Thurs

Had Asthma worse last night than any time I remember for several years-rose & dressed at midnight & did not return to bed till morning. Began to haul in wheat & broke the hind axeltree of the wagon.

July 12. Fri

Less asthma but still unwell. Hauled in wheat till noon but then rained.

13. Sat

Very unwell last night, much asthma this morning & very unwell, did not rise till near noon. Sent to get a new axeltree hauled in a little. Had our bed removed to the dining room.

14. Sab

Had another bad night-not so much asthma. Too sick this morning to leave my bed, rose about 3.30' p.m. M^rs M^cFarland remained with me others went to Bethel. M^r Flournoy preached, good Congregation

15. Mon

Had a better night last night than for a week. Rose at 9.30' a.m. feel very weak & no appetite. Robert M^cPheeters with his mowers cutting our meadow.

16. Tues

Rested pretty well but sick after breakfast rose at 10.30' a.m. Got all our wheat in dry but two loads in heavy rain in the evening.

17. Wed

Rested tolerably rose at 9 a.m. extremely feeble. Went to bed at 3.15' p.m. Got home the wagon-repaired.

18. Thurs

I am a little stronger & more comfortable today. Making hay in the front meadow.

19. Fri

I am as well as yesterday. All making hay.

20. Sat

Not so well. Finished hauling in wheat & hauled in some hay. General Lilley spent the day with us.

1867 July 20. Sat continued.

General Lilley also made me a present of $5. in gold & the same to M^rs M^cFarland. Reverend William T. Richardson came & spent the night with us, & his wife sent us a bottle of excellent currant wine.

21. Sab

Had an uncomfortable night & a sick day. Rose at 1 p.m. All the white family went to Bethel but Mary Lou & I. Mary went to M^r Kunkle's [illeg.].

22. Mon

I slept sufficiently, but it seems to me that I am always more unwell in the morning, & continues so till near noon & then I am better in the afternoon. Hauling in hay.

23. Tu.

Rested better & am better today than usual. James and Jefferson Cutting oats. M^rs M^cFarland went to M^r James Bumgardners & Frank to M^r Kunkle's for his mother.

24. Wed

Finished cutting oats & hauling in hay. I was very sick this morning, better in the afternoon. Day so warm I cannot be comfortable.

25. Thurs

I am better today. Very warm.

26. Fri

More feeble. Hauling in Oats.

27. Sat

Better. Finished hauling in Oats, & so harvest. James went to Staunton. He received for Mary & me 2 per Cent interest on our Virginia State Stocks, due the 6^th instant with a deduction of 5 per Cent I received $19.00

July 28. Sab

Better. Went to Bethel. Reverend R.J. Kennedy preached for M^r Flournoy. A pretty good Sermon but very short. Came home much fatigued. M^r Kennedy came with us & spent the night. A pleasant man.

29. Mon

A fine rain. I feel very weak.

30. Tues

Cool. I am more unwell. James & Frank helping M^r M^cPheters with their Oats. M^rs M^cFarland & I rode up to M^r Rosen's. Went to bed about 6 p.m.

31. Wed

Very unwell through the night & most of the day better in the evening. Cultivating the sugar cane.

August, 1867

August 1. Thurs

I am about as yesterday.

2. Fri

I spent a sick & suffering night today very feeble.

3. Sat

Rested pretty well. Better but very feeble. Arranging some thoughts as I may have to preach tomorrow if able.

4. Sab

Not so well, but went to Bethel. The Reverend Thomas was there & preached a Sermon which interested me more than any sermon I have heard for a long time. The Text was 1 John 2:1 last clause. Doctrine-Christ an Advocate. He came & spent the night with us.

5. Mon

Rested pretty well and am better today. Clearing out the Old Cistern & enlarging it. Sent for sand.

6. Tues

I am as well as yesterday. M^rs Donaghe & M^rs Gregg here.

1867. August 7. Wed

I am pretty comfortable. James & Frank went on a whortelby excursion yesterday & were away all night. James returned.

8. Thurs

As well as yesterday. M^r Henderson here.

9. Fri

Not so well. Went to Bethel. M^r Thomas preached, came home fatigued. James went to Staunton, and bought 3 yards of Cassimere for pantaloons for $5.25

10. Sat

Not quite so well. Went to Bethel. M^r Thomas preached. A heavy rain. Called the Congregational meeting on the subject of calling a Collegiate Pastor.

It was reported to the meeting that the whole amount which was subscribed as salary was $647. and was voted, in view of the inadequate sum so furnished, to postpone the subject indefinitely. The session were authorized to provide a supply for the pulpit. Steps were taken to secure the tithe to our Church-property, according to a late law. I was the moderator of the meeting.

11. Sab

I feel better, went to Bethel. M^r Thomas preached an excellent Sermon, text-"God is love." I introduced the Communion Service & served the first Table with a good deal of strength of Voice

[page 417]
and some liberty of speech, thanks to God. M^r Thomas spent last night with us and by direction of the Session I paid him $20.00 to be refunded by them. It was a privilege to give it, he seemed so grateful, & said he had not one dollar.

Aug. 12. Mon

I am as well as yesterday. Began to plow beyond the creek for wheat.

13. Tues

Pretty well. James went to Staunton to wait on M^r Baker who is to be married tomorrow to Miss Baylor. Mary went to see M^rs Tate.

14. Wed

Reverend D^r. Dabney dined here. Had a very heavy Rain in the afternoon.

15. Thurs

Rained all day. About 1 p.m. My cousin Colonel William C. Patterson of Philadelphia & his daughter Carie called to see us. We were delighted to see such valued Friends. But to our great disappointment they were obliged to return to Staunton.

16. Fri

Not as well as usual. Plowing beyond the Springhouse.

17. Sat

As well as Usual. Francis McFarland Swoope came to consult me about going to Princeton Theological Seminary I approved, under the circumstances.

1867. Aug. 18. Sab

I preached today at Bethel for 50 minutes to a small Congregation & I think without much failure in voice or manner. It is a year since I preached last, thanks to God for the privilege.

19. Mon

I am pretty well. James Mary & her children went to see the animal show in Greenville. General Lilley & his cousin came to see us.

20. Tues

James & Frank went with us to Staunton and M^rs M^cFarland & I went by Railroad to Pond Gap & to Crawford Spring. M^r Kunkle & A. Sproul & families there & we were treated very kindly.

21. Wed

Reading. Conversing-drinking sulfur water.

22. Thurs

Employed as yesterday.

23. Fri

M^rs McFarland & M^rs Kunkle & John White went to M^r Samuel Bell's. A M^r Beall, who bought the Furnace of Burke & Kunkle spent the day with me-a very intelligent man & a great talker.

24. Sat

Asthma last night. But little employed.

25. Sab

I preached in the afternoon to more than 20 persons on the porch. Text, Romans 8:6.

26. Mon

Reached the Depot at 6.30 & Staunton about 7.30' Made a number of purchases & Dined at Andrew Gilkeson's. James & Frank brought the Buggy & Rockaway and we came home. Glory to God. Mary Pringle here.

27. Tues

Still feel fatigue. Reading etc. Miss Pringle left us. James finished the Cistern. Hauling manure.

28. Wed

Reading. Yesterday wrote to D^r. William S. White.

29. Thurs

I have taken a bad cold. Burned my breast severely this morning with Mustard-feel badly.

30. Fri

Last night I had a severe attack of Bileous Diarrhea, which continued in some degree today. I also have a very troublesome Cough. Applied a poultice of Onions to my breast. Rose at 11.30 a.m.

31. Sat

Better a little, able to study but little.

September, 1867

September 1. Sab

I rested badly & still not well, but went to Bethel expecting to preach, but found there Reverend John Randolph of the Baptist Church, who was raised in Middlebrook, in this Congregation but now resides in Albemarle County I prevailed on him to preach, which he did very acceptably.

At the close he stated that the first deep & permanent religious impression made on his mind was made in that house, under a sermon of mine from Joshua 10:12, 13, & that I was his spiritual Father. That must have been about 33 years ago. Let all the glory be to God.

1867. Sept 2. Mon

Health as yesterday. Reading.

3. Tues

I am more comfortable today.

4. Wed

Not so well Francis McFarland Gilkeson & his Bride called to see me. She seems a pleasant lady.

5. Thurs

A little better. [illeg.] called.

6. Fri

As usual. Nothing new.

7. Sat

Not so well. A heavy Rain in the afternoon.

8. Sab

The morning so damp & such a chilling Northeast wind that I dared not to go to Bethel. I was aware too that the Congregation would be very small. James & Frank went; they reported about two dozen there. I felt much disappointed.

9. Mon

I am as usual. M^r Houser with an 8 horse machine here threshing took out today 224 Bushels of wheat & 38 of Oats.

10. Tues

Finished threshing before noon-had 260 Bushels of wheat, 17 sheaves made a bushel on an average. Had 150 Bushels of Oats, besides what we have fed.

11. Wed

As well as usual. Day very cool. Sent 18 1/4 Bushels of wheat to mill.

12. Thurs

As usual. Reading. Began to sow Wheat beyond the spring.

13. Fri

Asthma last night, nothing new. Reading.

14. Sat

Better. James & Frank went to Staunton. Sent 25 Bushels of wheat to mill. Brought home 2 Barrels of Flour.

Sep. 15. Sab

Day very damp, but I went & preached at Bethel to a tolerable Congregation for the day. I was much broken down. Had to go to bed at 5.30 & burn my breast severely with mustard.

16. Mon

Spent a restless night. Had to burn my breast again with mustard, did not rise till 10 a.m. Today Frank left us to go to Washington College. May the Lord watch over him.

17. Tues

had rather a better night, but I am feverish.

18. Wed

Better. Finished harrowing in wheat beyond the creek. Sent to Cochrans mill 30 Bushels more of wheat. Mary went to Lexington today to see about Frank's affairs.

19. Thurs

I am pretty comfortable. Sent 30 Bushels of Corn to Staunton which James sold at 87 1/2 cents per 15.

20. Fri

As yesterday. James took 25 Bushels of wheat to Staunton where he has sold 100 Bushels to the Bakers at $2. per Bushel

21. Sat

Damp in the evening. Rain. James took the running years of the Old Carriage to Greenville for remodeling.

22. Sab

I feel feeble. Went to Bethel & preached to a good & attentive Congregation for about 45 minutes with a good degree of liberty. Thanks be to God. Much fatigued.

1867. Sep. 23. Mon

Spent a restless night from fatigue. Feel better today. James went to Staunton for Bags to deliver the wheat in-got 38.

24. Tues

I am better. John Wright hauled a load of wheat to Staunton (53 Bushels) And James took a two horse load (25 Bushels) Have delivered 104 Bushels & 20 pounds

25. Wed

I was sick in the night-better when up. J. Fix came after Breakfast & wrought till 3 p.m. putting a Frame on the Cistern Made Cider for apple Butter.

26. Thurs

Not as well as usual. Cutting up corn to sow wheat on the ground.

27. Fri

Better, but fatigued exceedingly with a little work. Began to sow wheat on corn ground, Northeast end of Northeast Field.

28. Sat

Trying to study a little, but not over my fatigue.

29. Sab

Feeble. Preached at Bethel 50 minutes, with a good deal of earnestness & liberty. I am very much fatigued. Mary Lou went to Wallace's.

30. Mon

Partially rested. Wrote to Presbytery my reason for absence. M^r Pilson came & we together made out the Statistical Report to Presbytery.

October, 1867

Nov. 31. Tu

I was quite sick last night, better today. James is plowing. The meadow white with frost.

Nov. 2. Wed

I am not as well as usual. Finished sowing wheat on the corn ground.

3. Thurs

More unwell than yesterday. A very uncomfortable feeling in my breast & great debility. Last night the Reverend John Mathews Clymer came here and spent the night; he is collecting money to repair the Churches of Woodstock, Strasburg & Cedarbrook.

4. Fri

I am very unwell. M^r Clymer returned this evening-has collected in Bethel $45.60

5. Sat

Spent a very sick night more so than for months. This morning raining heavily. M^r Clymer left us, he is a very pleasant man. Liz leaves our service this evening, and we again employ Caroline Taper.

6. Sab

I am very feeble & suffering with pain in my stomach, I think from Dyspepsia. Too weak to preach or even to go to Bethel. The white family all there, & a good Congregation

7. Mon

I think I am a little better. James went to Staunton.

8. Tues

I am about as yesterday. Reading.

9. Wed

Last night was one of intense suffering from the eruption on my limbs-so great was the irritation that I often trembled all over & shuddered. Much distressed through the day. Rose at 11 a.m. went to bed 3 1/2 p.m. M^r & M^rs Pilson here.

1867. October 10. Thurs

Although I suffered much last night, it was less than the night before. Today I am much depressed & remained in bed all day. The eruption has increased very little but the pimples are intensely sensitive in in the early part of the night.

11. Fri

Had a better night than the two before preceding-eruption comparatively worse. Again in bed all day. I find it is better for the eruption, but I am quite unwell.

12. Sat

Last night passed much like the preceding. I am not by any means well but rose at 1.30' p.m. James & Mary went to Staunton & brought Margarethe Lyons and Emma Derrick to make me a vest.

13. Sab

An uncomfortable night & day. In bed all day. All went to Bethel except Miss Derrick & myself. Reverend Samuel M^cNutt from Indiana preached.

14. Mon

Rested rather badly-eruption increase to a little. In bed all day & not comfortable

Jacob Halyburton, a Freedman began today to work a month for me at Eleven dollars.

Wrote to Reverend W.M. M^cElwee & to James J. Whites & enclosed Reverend D^r. Smith's Check on Baltimore for $75. for Frank Lewis Tuition.

15. Wed. T.

First part of last night very uncomfortable today rather better-rose at 11 a.m. & up till 5 p.m.

16. Wed

Worse last night, sick this morning, then better. Wrote to D^r. B.M. Smith.

1867. October 17. Thurs

Passed the best night for a week. The Eruption has ceased almost entirely to trouble me. But I have been quite sick. Made 4 Barrels of Cider.

18. Fri

Sick last night & suffer today with pain in my stomach-probably dyspepsia Eruption a little worse. Rose about noon & dressed but back to return to bed.

19. Sat

About as usual. Eruption not very troublesome. Reverend E.D. Junkin & P.P. Flournoy spent the night here, making me a kind visit. Gathering winter apples.

In bed all day. No symptoms of dyspepsia.

20. Sab

Rested better than usual, rose at 10.50' up till 4. All went to Bethel but M^rs McFarland & I-no preaching.

21. Mon

Still rested better-today as yesterday.

22. Tues

Excessively fatigued last night-today as usual. Rose at 10 a.m. up till 5.30'. Lizzie & Mary Pilson here.

23. Wed

A restless nervous night-not well today.

24. Thurs

Almost sleepless till midnight, intended to remain in bed all day, but at 1 p.m. I rose & Married Benjamin Beagles & Catharine Weaver. James, M^rs McFarland Margarethe & Emma went to Staunton.

25. Fri

I am about as yesterday. Eruption somewhat troublesome.

26. Sat

The Eruption aggravated & extended last night. Today better, up from noon till 5 p.m. Wrote to Blanton.

1867. Octr. 27. Sab

The Eruption troublesome till after midnight, always easy towards morning. Today better, rose at noon. Up to worship. No preaching at Bethel.

28. Mon

Rained all night & steadily all day today. I am as well as usual.

29. Tues

I am not near as well as usual. My appetite has in a great manner failed. One of the heifers that we sent to the mountains was brought home having a Calf, One died as they said from eating [illeg.], & one is missing.

30. Wed

Spent a wretched time the first part of last night, nervous-restless & sleepless. Today I feel very badly feeble & uncomfortable. Eruption perfectly easy.

James took Margaretta Lyons & Emma Derrick to Staunton on their way to Washington.

31. Thurs

Eruption scarcely perceptible. Snow fell in the night 6 inches deep, but all melted today.

November, 1867

November 1. Fri

Rested better than usual. Today I am pretty Comfortable.

2. Sat

Rested tolerably-felt the eruption a little. Today as usual. M^r A.A. Sproul came to see me.

3. Sab

I am rather better. All the white family at Bethel. No preaching.

November 4. Mon

Rested pretty well. I am improving.

5. Tues

Rested not very well, strength increasing.

6. Wed

Slept as usual, not well today.

7. Thurs

The eruption more troublesome. M^rs Sarah Ann Tate came to visit us. Sent the Minutes of Synod to Reverend W.E. Baker.

8. Fri

Eruption increasing & the irritation rendered me so nervous that I suffered very much till midnight. Tolerably easy through the day.

9. Sat

Last night I was miserable till near midnight-then pretty easy. Remained in bed all day, hoping thus to make the suffering of the two preceding nights. M^rs L.A. Trite left us. Day damp.

10. Sab

I rested better-escaped nervousness, but I am very weak from the suffering of those two nights. Disappointed in not being able to go to Bethel. No preaching. Reverend William M. M^cElwee declines visiting us.

11. Mon

Somewhat nervous-eruption a little troublesome. I feel great prostration today & quite unwell.

12. Tues

Slept pretty well. Feeble. Reverend W.E. Baker & Reverend S.J. Baird, Doctor of Divinity came to see me, the latter stayed all night & we engaged to send him home.

1867. Nov. 13. Wed

Rested badly till near midnight, then tolerably, today as usual.

14. Thurs

Rested tolerably, but the Cold weather has increased the eruption which is troublesome.

15. Fri

As usual. Reverend E. Thomas came & spent the night here. Remitted $2.00 by mail for the NewYork Journal of Commerce.

16. Sat

Eruption troublesome last night-today as usual. Sent for Reverend D^r. S.J. Baird to preach tomorrow.

17. Sab

I am as usual, but could not venture to go to Bethel. D^r. Baird preached & M^r Thomas made an address-both dined here. James took D^r. Baird home.

18. Mon

Quite as well as usual. M^rs McFarland & Mary went to Blackwood's and returned.

19. Tues

Slept pretty well, but feel dull today.

20. Wed

As usual, wrote to D^r. G. Junkin.

21. Thurs

As usual. The Eruption has almost entirely left my lower limbs & now is very harrassing on the inside of my fore-arms. M^r & M^rs Kunkle made us a pleasant visit.

22. Fri

Eruption as yesterday-otherwise the same.

23. Sat

Eruption in my arms no better.

24. Sab

As usual with me. Day very damp. I could not go to Bethel. M^rs McFarland Mary & James went. No preaching.

Nov. 25. Mon

Eruption on my arms more troublesome. James, Mary & Mary Lou went to Staunton.

26. Tues

About as usual [illeg.]

27. Wed

Arms better. In other respects as usual.

28. Thurs

As well as yesterday.

29. Fri

Day such as I could not go to Bethel. Reverend M^r See preached & came & spent the night here.

30. Sat

I am as usual, but the day so intensely cold I could not go to Bethel. M^r See preached.

December, 1867

December 1. Sab

The morning intensely cold-it was manifestly not my duty to go to Bethel. The white family went. Reverend D^r. S.L. Baird preached (they said very well) & administered the Lord's Supper. A good Congregation D^r. Baird spent the night with us.

2. Mon

Had a very restless night-arms much irritated. Not as well as usual today.

3. Tues

Rather better-arms still diseased. Finished husking corn on the stalk & hauling in. Supposed to have now 400 Bushels, not counting what was fed.

4. Wed

As usual. Hauling wood.

5. Thurs

Ditto Snow last night, about 8 inches.

6. Fri

Eruption less troublesome. Day very gloomy.

1867. Dec. 7. Sat

The Eruption better. James went to Staunton & brought out Reverend James Murray he has been invited to preach at Bethel, in hopes he might suit the people for a Pastor. He is a pleasant gentleman.

8. Sab

Too cold for me to venture out. M^r Murray preached, they say well.

9. Mon

Eruption troubles me but little. After I rose I became very unwell-my pulse was more irregular than I ever knew it-a beat or two & then a flutter. Lay on the sofa all day.

10. Tues

Still unwell, but better. In the night my pulse became regular. Did not rise till near 1 p.m.

11. Wed

Better. Rose at 8 a.m. Killed 11 hogs weighing 1720 pounds

12. Thurs

Raining this morning, then sleeting, then snowing with a strong Northeast wind, the Thermometer gradually sunk from 32 to 18 about 3 p.m. Reverend M^r Murray came & spent the night with us.

13. Fri

Very cold. M^r. Murray went to Staunton. (at 9 O'clock p.m. -1

14. Sat

Suffered in the night from cold. M^r Murray returned, & spent the night.

December 15. Sab

Rested better. M^r Murray went to Bethel & preached, they said, a very good SerMonday Reverend M^r Finley there.

16. Mon

I am a little better, the cold weather has made the eruption a little troublesome. D^r. Humphreys spent the night here.

17. Tues

As usual-day mild. In the evening Mary Pilson came & brought Reverend George W. Finley a Licentiate who comes by invitation of the Session to preach as a Candidate. He seems to be a pleasant man.

18. Wed

I am as usual. Our friends left us.

19. Thurs

Not well last night-languid today.

20. Fri

Much as yesterday. Killed a Cow-weight 462 pounds

21. Sat

Rather Better. Day very threatening.

22. Sab

Day very mild. All the white family went to Bethel M^r Finley, they said, preached well, & to a large Congregation

23. Mon

Slept almost none last night till midnight. Unwell this morning-did not rise till near noon.

24. Tues

I am better. Today Jefferson Howard's year ends and I paid him in full the balance due = $30.00 He has been in my service six years altogether, & has been a faithful & pleasant servant.

1867. Dec. 25th Wed

Christmas day. Pleasant. I am well today as is usual to me, of late. The family are all invited to dine at M^r Kunkles. M^rs M^cFarland, Mary, Mary Lou & Theda went. James went to a singing at Bethel. I and some of the servants remained at home.

Reverend M^r. Finley came & spent the night with us.

26. Thurs

As well as usual. M^r. Finley spent the day here. George Pilson dined with us.

I married at my own house George H. Buchanan and Sarah M^cManaway from Middlebrook. David Humphreys & two cousins came here.

27.

I am as usual. Day very mild. James & David went to Staunton in the light wagon.

28. Sat

Nothing new to note. Sent a new pair of Calfskin shoes to Frank Lewis.

29. Sab

Weather moderate. all the white family went to Bethel. I ventured after an absence of three months. M^r. Finley preached a pretty good sermon from John 10:27. My sheep hear my voice & I know them & they follow me. A large Congregation By direction of the Session I gave notice of a Congregational meeting on Thursday on the subject of calling a Co-Pastor.

Dec. 30. Mon

Much colder an inch of Snow. As usual. James & Mary Lou went to M^rs Kings.

31. Tues

I am as well as usual. The Eruption has entirely disappeared during the last two weeks.

It began to snow in the & continued snowing all day today-a fine snow driven by a strong Northeast wind.

I have this day endeavored to praise my God for his blessings to me and mine. Though not in perfect health yet it is as good, I suppose, as at my advanced age I have a right to expect. My Dear wife also enjoys good health, & my Daughter Mary Lewis is pretty well & James very well. My son-in-law & grand children also well.

This evening, before it was dark, Caroline discovered a heap of wheat under the Granary, where some person had bored a hole with an inch augur up through the floor, & probably carried away several bushels & left it running out.

1868

January, 1868

January 1. Wednesday.

Diary for 1868

This Diary kept by Francis M^cFarland in regard to passing events in some affairs, I have found heretofore as an important aid to memory, especially in reference to matters of business.

Blessed be God I am in tolerably comfortable in health, though infirm & not daring to expose myself on account of my liability to Bronchitis. My family also all well, & all at home but Frank Lewis who is at Washington College. David & Theda Humphreys here.

2. Thurs

This day was appointed for a Congregational meeting to be held at Bethel to Call a Co-Pastor. M^rs M^cFarland, Mary & James went. Reverend T.L. Preston preached & moderated the meeting. No nominations, I am told, were made-each voted by ballot, & for whom he pleased. The only persons voted for were Reverend James Murray & Reverend George W. Finley. M^r Murray received 49 votes, & M^r Finley 21 or 22. M^r. Archibald Christian, who voted for M^r Finley, moved that this vote be made unanimously for M^r Murray,

[page 435]
and it was done, wm can, & was declared unanimous by the Moderator.

I think them both worthy men, but I trust the choice was ordered by the wisdom of God in answer to prayer.

Jan. 3. Fri

Sent off a letter to M^r Murray. James & Mary went on a visit to M^r Pilson, who is quite unwell. Mary remained.

4. Sat

I am as usual. Benjamin M^cClung & M^rs M^cClung came & spent the day with us. Choice Friends.

5. Sab

I feared to go to Bethel today-so much snow on the ground. Other members of the family went. No preaching but prayer-meeting.

6. Mon

I am very languid. Reading. Snow 1 1/2 inches then rain

7. Tues

Nothing new-reading-weather gloomy.

8. Wed

Health as usual. This is my Birth Day!!! I mark it as a wonder of God's Mercy, that he should allow me to complete Four Score Years. That I should have so much health & strength & such use of my faculties at such an age.

[page 436]
My Strength indeed is small, but my eyes seem to be improving so that I can read any tolerable print comfortably without glasses. And I think I could preach without much difficulty, if I could go to Church.

9. Thurs

Very cold. James, Mary, Mary Lou & Theda went to Staunton in the Spring wagon. D^r. Humphreys spent last night with us.

10. Fri

Day very cold. All as usual. I writing.

11. Sat

Very cold. Rested badly. Not very well.

12. Sab

I rested better, but the day is too cold for me to venture to go to Bethel. James went-said there was a pretty good Congregation-some expected me. Alas, how glad I would have been to have preached Christ to them.

13. Mon

As well as usual. Jefferson & George getting wood.

14. Tues

Snowing or sleeting all day. Wash came about noon to commence work for the remainder of the year. I wrote to M^rs E.H. Brown.

15. Wed

Nothing new-day comparatively mild. Received letters from Reverend James Murray. Reverend Samuel Fulton & M^rs Annie Hale.

16. Thurs

As usual. Liz. left us for Salem.

1868. January 17. Fri

Cold Reading. Wrote to Reverend John S. Blain.

18. Sat

Wrote to Frank Lewis. As well as usual.

19. Sab

So cold I feared to venture out the white family went to Bethel. No preacher there alas. A letter was received from Reverend M^r Murray saying that he would be here on next Saturday to commence his labors as next Sabbath.

20.

As usual. Received a letter from Colonel William C. Patterson, also one was received from Sister Roxa D. Bent. Day gloomy.

21. Tues

James took Seven Barrels of Flour to Staunton, & sent it to Richmond through James Hardin, for a better price.

22. Wed

Had an uncomfortable night-not well today. M^r James Hays & wife spent the day here. Sally & Lovey Gilkeson called in the afternoon.

23. Thurs

Very unwell last night & not well today.

24. Fri

I am better today. Reading & Writing some reminiscences respecting my beloved Pastor, Reverend Elisha Macurdy, for Reverend Richard for publication.

John Shields, Lizzie Wallace & Miss Bettie Shaw spent the night with us.

January 25. Sat

Having company, after eating my Breakfast in bed, I rose & conducted worship.

26. Sab

Rested rather badly & not well this morning. Did not go to Bethel. The white family all went. Reverend James Murray preached, commencing his labors as Pastor of Bethel Church. This a Solemn fact in regard to myself who has been its sole Pastor so long. It meets my cordial approbation, and may God make his ministry a rich blessing to the Congregation. His text was 1 Corinthians 2:2. For I determined not to know anything among you save Jesus Christ & him crucified. Certainly a very appropriate text.

27. Mon

Day gloomy. I am not very well. Reading & writing.

28. Tues

Breakfasted in bed-rose at 6.45' and at 7.30' I left home in a snow-storm & rode in my Buggy to M^rs Gilkeson's & there about 8.30' I married D^r. Carter Berkley & Lovie Gilkeson for which I received a fee of $10. They immediately set off for for Baltimore. I reached home by 10 a.m. without harm.

29. Wed

I am as usual. It began to snow in the night & continued moderately all day.

1868. Jan. 30. Thurs

I am as well as usual. James went to Staunton & sold 14 1/2 Bushels of Corn at 82 cents = $11.50. Also 3 tons of extra flour at $11.15 = $33.45 Total $45.65 Received payment of Baher & Brother. Paid for a Cornsheller $16.00 Also for 12 Flour Barrels at .75 = $9.00. Reverend M^r Murray & M^r William F. Smith came to see me. The former stayed all night.

31. Fri

Very cold. I am comfortable.

February, 1868

February 1. Sat

Colder. I am pretty well. Very little can be done of Business.

2. Sab

All the white family at Bethel-too cold for me. M^r. Murray they said preached well.

3. Mon

James took Mary to Rebecca M^cClure's, on her way to Lexington. I am as usual. 9 p.m. +3

4. Tues

Nothing to note. Reading. Hauling wood.

5. Wed

Snow or Sleet or Rain nearly all day. James went to Staunton & hired a Buggy at $1.25 per day to go to Robert M^cPheeters' wedding. Mine was too frail. The wedding to be tonight at M^r Speck's.

6. Thurs

Very unwell last night-rose at 10.30' At 9.30' a.m. +41 mercury gradually sunk at 5 p.m. 20.

Feb. 7. Fri

Day very cold. James went to Staunton with the Buggy he had hired.

8. Sat

Nothing important to note. Threatens snow.

9. Sab

This morning there was about three inches of snow on the ground, but it rained nearly all day. James alone went to Bethel-only 12 or 13 persons there. M^r Murray preached.

10. Mon

Had serious trouble on Saturday with our female servant Caroline from her outrageous temper. Today I proposed to dismiss her, but she seems unwilling to go away.

11. Tues

Nothing to note in particular. Caroline working.

12. Wed

I am pretty well. Nothing remarkable occurred.

13. Thurs

M^r John M^cClung brought Mary home. James went to a Bridal Party at M^r James Gilkesons.

14. Fri

Nothing of interest. Reading.

15. Sat

Unwell last night. In the day I am pretty well, but feel badly in the night-cause unknown.

16. Sab

had a bad nervous night-quite unwell this morning-not well enough to go to Bethel-all the white family went. M^r Murray, they said, preached an excellent Sermon

1868. Feb. 17. Mond.

James went to Stuanton Suffered rather less last night, but my strength is declining.

18. Tues

Rested badly again, but better when I rose. All the white family went to visit at Christopher Merritt's Mary stayed to make some suits, & Theda left us to go to her home at M^r Donnells. She has been here since November 30^th

19. Wed

Another bad night-feel very feeble today.

20. Thurs

Had a comfortable night-blessed be God. Today I feel much better. M^rs M^cFarland & Mary Lou went to M^rs Gilkeson's. James went to a Party at Steel's, near Newport.

21. Fri

Nearly as well as yesterday. Atmosphere very smoky.

22. Sat

Nothing worthy of note.

23.

All went to Church but me. M^r Murray preached.

24. Mon

Cold & gloomy-a little Snow & sleet. I feel very dull.

25. Tues

I feel great languor. One of the most gloomy days I ever saw.

26. Wed

The gloom even deeper to for much of the day the woods could not be seen in any direction & the mist froze on the trees & on everything. Sad news-that Congress have voted to impeach President Johnston.

27. Thurs

Gradually cleared off pretty mild. Suffered greatly last night, better in the afternoon-cause unknown.

Feb. 28. Fri

Rested rather better. The day has been exceedingly cold. Nothing new. Reading.

29. Sat

I am as usual. Nothing to note.

March, 1868

March 1. Sab

Last night from 11 O'clock to 1 a.m. I was distressed exceedingly with nervous excitement. An eruption has for some day affected the small of my back & my henches & my left leg. I was easier in the early part of the day, but in the afternoon suffered more. Went to bed at dark. The family were delighted with M^r Murray's SerMonday

2. Mon

Rested rather better, but uncomfortably nervous I feel much prostration today M^r Murray here visiting us.

3. Tues

Had a distressing time till after midnight, with extreme prostration & nervous excitement. Rose at 9 a.m. Better through the day. M^r Murray went to Staunton and returned & spent the night with us.

4. Wed

Suffered as much last night as the preceding. This morning greatly depressed & through the day I felt very badly. M^r Murray & Mary went to M^r Preston's.

5. Thurs

Rested rather better, still suffering much. M^r Murray & Mary returned to dinner.

1868. March 6. Fri

Rested badly till about 2 a.m. I think the eruption is extending down my thighs & up the outside of my legs & is more irritable. I am taking Salts & a little sulfur.

M^r Murray left us this morning.

7. Sat

Rested somewhat better & feel better today. The day the mildest since early in November I trust the warm weather will relieve me.

8. Sab

Rested better than for a week past. Thanks be to God. Day very mild, but I am too weak to go to Bethel. I am tolerable comfortable at home. All the white family went to Church.

9. Mon

As well as yesterday. Rode out on horseback.

10. Tues

Very nervous last night. Rode out again. Began to plow for corn in the meadow in front of the house. This the warmest day since last October.

11. Wed

Spent a pretty comfortable night, & am better than usual today.

12. Thurs

Very nervous last night. Today very feeble.

13. Frid.

Had a better night-better today. Reading Newspapers. Still plowing for corn.

March 14th Sat

Rested pretty well. The Eruption has ceased to trouble me almost entirely. A moderate shower today. Wrote to D^r. Junkin.

15. Sab

Better. We all went to Bethel the first time for me this year. I was fatigued but stood it better than I expected. heard M^r Murray for the first time Text. Psalm 139:1,2, subject the Omniscience of God. The discourse was carefully written & notes used, but not servilely. It was a good discourse, but too rhetorical for my taste, as I love a severe simplicity.

16. Mon

I thank God, except fatigue, I did not suffer from going to church yesterday. I am as well today as I have been of late.

17. Tues

As usual. Day very warm. Jacob Halyburton came & began to work. I have hired him from this time till Christmas for $100. D^r. Humphreys and David came & spent the night with us.

18. Wed

Pretty well-cooler-finished plowing the sod of the meadow, & began to plow for oats in the Northeast field.

19. Thur.

As usual. Nothing worth noting. Washington finished his two months today.

1868. March 20. Fri

Began to Snow very early & snowed very fast till, say 2 p.m. & gradually abated & ceased by dark. Although much melted, it accumulated to the depth of 8 inches. Reading.

21. Sat

Cold. Nothing important to note.

22. Sab

The day too cold for me to go to Bethel. All the white family went M^r Murray preached.

23. Mon

I am not quite so well-a troublesome cough. James went to Staunton. Snow almost all gone. Bought a Bushel of Cloverseed for $10.00

24. Tues

Not so well-cough harassing. Sally Gilkeson, Lovey Berkley & M^r Murray here. Sowing cloverseed beyond the Springhouse.

25. W.

Cough bad-applied mustard-it did good. A very unpleasant damp day-heavy rain.

26. Thurs

Had a bad night with cough & oppression. Applied mustard again-felt so badly I remained in bed all day. M^r Murray left us in the afternoon.

27. Fri

A somewhat better night-kept the fire up all night-am rather better today-rose about 1 p.m. Snow melted fast.

March 28. Sat

I was rather worse last night. Today not as well as yesterday-rose at 2 p.m. I breathe with difficulty & cough much.

29. Sab

Last night much as the preceding-very weak. In bed all day. All went to Bethel-good Congregation & serMonday

30. Mon

Coughed rather less & slept better, but today not well. Remained in bed all day. M^rs Gilkeson & D^r Irwin Gilkeson came to see me. M^r Murray also came.

31. Tues

I am still very unwell-burned my breast again with mustard. About 2 p.m. I rose & dressed M^r Pilson came see me & I sat up & talked with him till after sunset.

April, 1868

April 1. Wed

Very nervous for a while last night. Rested rather better, but sick after breakfast. Rose at noon. M^rs Wright came to see me.

2. Thurs

Distressingly nervous-slept none till after midnight-rose at 11 a.m. Wrote to M^rs A.G. Hale.

3. Fri

Rested much better last night. Rose at 8 a.m. and am much better today. Services preparatory to the Communion commenced today. Mary & I were unable to go. Reverend William E. Baker preached.

1868. April 4. Sat

Rested pretty well-rose at 8 a.m. All the white family went to Bethel but myself. Mary Lou Lewis was received into the Communion of the Church. Thanks be to God. I trust she has experienced the needful change. There were also received Anne L. Smith, Mollie Mooman, Mary F. Wilson, Ellen J. Wilson on Examination & Bettie Beard on Certificate from Old Providence. Reverend William E. Baker preached.

5. Sab

Did not rest so well, & alas, unable to go to Bethel. The day cold. M^r Baker came & dined with us.

6. Mon

Rested tolerably-not so well today. Plowed the Garden. Plowing for oats Northeast field.

7. Tues

Did not sleep well-rose at 10 a.m. It began to rain before day & continued till the afternoon.

8. Wed

Slept better & am better today. James went to a wedding at M^r Dunlap's.

9. Thurs

As usual, the Eruption on my legs troublesome. M^r Donohe came to list taxable property.

10. Fri

Eruption less irritated. James & Mary returned. Nothing worth noting.

April 11. Sat

I am rather better.

12. Sab

Better. All went to Bethel. M^r Murray preached from Matthew 12:20-Bruised Reed etc. I closed with prayer. Came home much fatigued-had to go to bed at 4.30' p.m.

13. Mon

Rested pretty well-today I am as usual. M^rs M^cFarland, James & Mary Lou went to M^r Blackwoods

14. Tues

A very heavy rain with thunder & lightening. James went to Staunton for a Bundle of useful articles sent to us by M^rs E.H. Brown which came to her in a Box from Reverend D^r. Vandeke's Church in Brooklyn, N.Y.

15. Wed

Was very unwell in the night-weak today. Ground to wet to plow or harrow.

16. Thurs

Still very feeble & feel badly but am reading & writing.

17. Fri

I am rather better. Mary has been suffering severely for 3 days with Pain in her head & back etc. Sent for D^r. Tate-he came & prescribed.

18. Sat

I am as usual. Mary is better-sat up for some time. Harrowing in oats. Wrote to William L. Bent.

1868. April 19. Sab

Last night I suffered from extreme debility. Did not rise till noon. Mary & I alone at home. Sleet for some hours, then moderate rain. D^r. Tate to see Mary who is still better.

20. Mon

Spent a restless night, today better.

21. Tues

I am rather better-nothing new.

22. Wed

In status quo-day very fine. Reading.

23. Thurs

I am much distressed with pain in my back. The warmest day since October last. James went to Staunton-took some potatoes & corn & brought home half a ton of Plaster.

24. Fri

Sowed more Oats on the Northeast field My back very painful.

25. Sat

Back very little better. L.C. Brown & son working in the garden. James plowing. Rain.

26. Sab

Back no better. Mary & I at home. Reverend M^r Junkin preached & came & spent the night here-a very kind visit.

27. Mon

Back worse. Rose at 11 a.m.

28. Tues

Back a little better-rose about noon.

April 29. Wed

Back no better-in bed all day.

30. Thurs

Had a bad night-coughed much-better today, but thought it best to remain in bed all day. Finished sowing Oats on the Northeast field.

May, 1868

May 1. Thurs. Fri

Rested rather better till about 2 p.m. My back a little better. Plowing for corn.

2. Sat

Rested better-back better. M^r Pilson came to see me. Finished plowing for corn in front of the house.

3. Sab

About as yesterday. Distressing news-James Hays was found dead yesterday on the road near Christopher Merritts, supposed to be from disease of the heart. He was an Elder of our Church & I think a truly good man. All the white family left me. M^r Murray preached.

4. Mon

James & his mother went to the Funeral. M^r J.S. Blain came on a visit to us.

5. Tues

M^r Blain remained all day with us. James & Mary went to Staunton.

6. Wed

I am as usual. M^r Blain returned toward home.

7. Thurs

Wrote to Colonel W.C. Patterson. Rain stopped work.

8. Fri

I am as usual-Sowed Plaster Northwest field.

9. Sat

My back worse. Marking out for corn.

1868. May 10. Sab

Better but not able to go to Bethel. All the white family went. M^r Murray preached.

11. Mon

Not well. Lay in bed till 2 p.m. Began to plant corn in front of the house.

12. Tues

From 2 a.m. coughed much-breast feels very badly. I feel worse today than heretofore-in bed all day. Finished planting. Day very damp & uncomfortable.

13. Wed

Had a somewhat better night. It rained incessantly all night & heavily till 10 a.m. then showers. I remained in bed all day, & in the morning could not even read I felt so uncomfortable. But my breast is better & I cough less. My back still painful.

14. Thurs

Rested not so well-coughed much-felt badly about 10 a.m. a little better-rose & dressed, but felt badly-ate my dinner with the family, but had to go to bed about 4 p.m. My breast is sore & my cough of a threatening character.

15. Fri

Another uncomfortable night-worse in every way. Sent James for D^r Tate-he came about 3 p.m. prescribed Ipecac powder & mustard between my shoulders & Petroleum on my breast.

May 16. Sat

I thought myself decidedly worse this morning, but I improved somewhat during the day-but I still regard my health as dangerous-my cough is a bad one & breast sore internally.

17. Sab

Rested tolerably, but felt badly in the morning. My most favourable symptom is less internal soreness in my breast, but my cough is not lessened. I take Ipecac 5 times a day. In bed all day. No preaching at Bethel. James went to Staunton to hear Reverend D^r. J.R. Wilson sent the Minutes of Synod by him to the Assembly.

18. Mon

Not so well-pulse excited. Sent for D^r. Tate-he came about 4 p.m. made me some pills of bluemass. Ipecac & quinine-one to be taken morning & evening.

19. Tues

Took the pills as preserved-slept tolerably-the Ipecac in the pills kept me sick all morning, in the afternoon much better. In bed all day. M^r Merritt, Reverend Murray, D^r. Tate & D^r. Gilkeson & Fannie Wright here. Planted Potatoes.

20. Wed

had not a good night-felt badly this morning. In the afternoon as well as yesterday again had my breast rubbed with Petrolatum. I think it has done me good. M^r Pilson came to see me.

1868. May 21. Thurs

Had a distressing time last night with coughing-felt very badly this morning, but better in the afternoon.

22. Fri

Night & morning much like the preceding. Near noon rose & dressed for the first time since the 11^th Remained up till near 5 p.m. Not very comfortable.

23. Sat

Spent a pretty comfortable night-rose at 11 a.m. Rained in the night, & all day, moderately.

24. Sab

Had a tolerable night-rose at 11 a.m. Subsequently felt great debility. Rained moderately in the morning. M^rs M^cFarland & I stayed at home-others went to Bethel. M^r Murray preached. The weather partially cleared off.

25. Mon

Perhaps a little better. C. Merritt & wife here. Remained up till 9 p.m. Led in family prayer-fatigued.

26. Tues

About as yesterday-M^r & M^rs Merrit left us to be absent several days.

27. Wed

Not as well as on yesterday. M^rs McFarland & Mary Lou & M^rs Wright made a visit at M^r William Swink's.

28. Thurs

I suffered more real sickness this morning than for many days-in the afternoon better. Rose at 1.15' p.m.

May 29. Fri

Rested better. I am better today. Rose at 9.30'a.m. The welcome news has arrived-the Impeachment of the President of the UnitedStates has failed.

30. Sat

Not so well this morning. Rose at 9 a.m. Better. James returned in the afternoon.

31. Sab

All went to Bethel. I remained at home alone. M^r Murray preached.

June, 1868

June 1. Mon

Coughed very much last night somewhat sick this morning-better when I rose. Reverend William Pinkerton came to see me.

2. Tues

Had a better night, but sick after breakfast.

3. Wed

Not so well. Rose at 11 a.m.

4. Thurs

Suffered much last night with a burning sensation in my breast. Rose near 11 a.m. D^r. Tate came to see me. He gave me some quinine powders. In the afternoon I felt much worse than usual.

5. Fri

Rested rather better, but this morning suffered with my breast-burned it with mustard.

6. Sat Sat

Slept pretty well, but have felt badly today. Heat & soreness in my breast, & my spittle frequently reddish as if discolored with blood.

1868. June 6. Sat continued.

The day appointed for the Installation of Reverend James Murray as Collegiate Pastor in Bethel. I desired much to be present but was entirely unable.

Reverend William E. Baker preached the sermon, Reverend M^r Preston Charged the Pastor & M^r Richeson on the People. The Congregation it was said was large & the services interesting. May God follow it with his Blessing.

7. Sab

Still suffer with my breast but slept tolerably. Rose about noon & feel somewhat better. Mary is suffering with Palpitation of the heart. Sent James to Staunton to see D^r. Waddell & to get some Medicines. He returned brought a bottle of Cod-liver Oil ($1.50) A vial consisting of Mercury Tincture Iron 11 Fowler's Solution 11 Strychnine 2 grains Dose 15 drops 3 times a day. 35 cents.

8. Mon

Rested tolerably but had a sick day-took no medicine today-rose at noon.

9. Tues

Very feeble. M^r. D. Kunkle & wife made us a visit.

10. Wed

About as yesterday. D^r. J.A. Waddell made me a kind professional visit. Began to take Cod-liver Oil and drops compounded of mercuriate of iron, Fowlers Solution & strychnine.

11. Thurs

Little change rose at noon. Medicine made me sick yesterday-took none today.

12. Fri

Rested tolerably & am better today. Took one dose of Cod liver Oil & 8 drops of the mixture.

13. Sat

In status quo 8 drops of the mixture [illeg.] me.

14. Sab

M^r Murray & B. M^cClung spent the night here. I talked so much, my breast became sore and painful. I rested badly. M^r Murray preached at Hebron. M^rs M^cFarland, James & Mary Lou went there. I rose about 10 a.m. not well-retired early.

15. Mon

Had Asthma badly sleeping in the study. Had to rise a little after midnight & sat up till day break. Today my breathing has been bad.

16. Tues

Still so astmatic I feared to go to bed & slept on the sofa in the central room till daybreak when I ventured to go to bed. I am better today. James went to Lexington to the College Commencement & to arrange for getting Frank Lewis home.

17. Wed

Slept in the study-tolerably-better. Wrote to Rev. Richard Lea. In the Afternoon the heaviest rain of the season-flooded our corn & washed it badly.

1868. June 18. Thurs

Rested better. Very weak today & my back more painful. More rain.

19. Fri

Rested tolerably, but quite sick this morning, then better. D^r. Tate called to see me before I was up. Frank W. Lewis came down in the stage last night, and walked home from Mint Spring before dinner Fare $3.00

20. Sat

Rather better today. Began to take Tincture of Gentian. Frank went to Staunton to bring out M^rs Anna P. Derrick, who came.

On yesterday there was a fearful thunderstorm, tremendous wind some hail & the greatest flood for years. The lightening struck a locust tree close to our Back-house & took one of the cornerposts of the house & tore several pieces off it.

21. Sab

Rested tolerably, but felt badly this morning. All went to Bethel but M^rs Derrick & myself.

22. Mon

Rather better-working-mending articles. Frank went to Staunton to see about M^rs Derrick's trunk. A Telegram reported it safe in Charlottesville. Finished working corn till after Harvest.

23. Tues

As well as yesterday. Rode out a little. Began to mow Clover in the Northwest field with two hands beside our own = 4.

June 24. Wed

Was very unwell last night. Did not rise till 10.30' a.m. then better. Four hands mowing again today.

25. Thurs

Slept pretty well after breakfast & during the day felt badly. It rained heavily in the night with thunder & lightening & rained again in the morning, so that we declined mowing any more.

26. Fri

Had a bad night-felt so unwell I did not rise till noon. Fearing the atmosphere of the study was injurious-removed back to the middle room, after remaining in the study two weeks.

27. Sat

Rested much better last night-but feeble today. James took M^rs A.P. Derrick to Staunton, & brought home a sack of salt. About 2 p.m. had the greatest flood which we have had for many years.

28. Sab

All went to Bethel but me. I am as usual.

29. Mon

I am as yesterday. Making & hauling in hay. In the afternoon, John Gilkeson cutting clover for us with his mower.

30. Tues

As usual. Began to cut Wheat. Hauling in hay. Wrote to Reverend James P. Smith's.

July, 1868

1868. July 1. Wed

I am rather better. Harvesting.

2. Thurs

I am as yesterday. Cutting Wheat.

3. Fri

A little improved. James & Jac. assisting John Wright cutting wheat. Day exceedingly warm.

4. Sat

I think I am gaining a little more strength. Cutting wheat beyond the springhouse.

5. Sab

All went to Bethel-the first time for me since April 12. M^r Murray preached an excellent sermon on Haggai 1:7-"consider your ways." I came home much fatigued-day warm-probably 90, but no one at home to see-two very light showers. Went to bed at 5 p.m.

6. Mon

Slept pretty well & feel rested & tolerably well.

7. Tues

As well as usual. Jac. & Jeff. & Frank harvesting for me at M^r Gilkeson's.

8. Wed

Nothing new. Cutting wheat Northeast field.

9. Thurs

I am not so well-perhaps have taken cold. Finished our wheat harvest-have 221 dozens.

10. Fri

I am very feeble today. Reverend M^r Murray came & spent the night with us.

11. Sat

Unusually sick this morning. M^r Murray remained & Reverend E. Thomas came. Finished mowing the Northwest Field. J. Gilkeson cut it with his mower.

July 12. Sab

We all went to Bethel. I was not well. M^r Murray preached well-an awful serMonday Text Matthew 3:7 Flee from the wrath to come. I came home excessively fatigued-went to bed at 5 p.m.

13. Mon

Not very well today. Putting up hay.

14. Tues

Much better today. Very warm-hauling hay, and began to haul in wheat.

15. Wed

Better, but suffering with heat. On Monday, James accidentally turning his head, had a dead twig to run into his ear causing it to bleed & it is now quite painful. Hauling in wheat.

16. Thurs

As usual. This the warmest day for many years: 1860 one day as warm. Finished hauling in Wheat & hay-all in good order.

17. Fri

Not quite so well. Nothing worthy of note.

18. Sat

James went to Staunton to see the Doctor about his ear & they pronounce that the Tympanum is perforated, as I feared. I am as usual.

19. Sab

Last night was one of pain & suffering. I did not rise till 11 a.m. M^rs McFarland remained at home with me.

1868. July 20. Mon

I am better. A little rain last night & today, & it is somewhat cooler.

21. Tues

As yesterday. M^rs M^cFarland, Mary, James & Frank went to Hebron where the Presbytery is called to meet for the purpose of dissolving M^r Prestons Pastoral Relation that he may accept a call from the church of Salem. The family spent the night at M^r Samuel Bell's.

22. Wed

I rested pretty well but sick this morning. The family returned at noon. Cutting Oats.

23. Thurs

I had an uncomfortable night, but better through the day. James took his mother & sister to a meeting of the Female Centennial Society in Greenville.

24. Fri

Rested better, but very unwell today. Cutting Oats.

25. Sat

Still unwell-head disordered. Cutting & hauling in oats. M^r. Murray here.

26. Sab

Too unwell to go to Church. All the family went but me. Pain over my right eye. Began to rain early in the night & rained moderately all night.

27. Mon

I suffered much with the pain over my eyes. Applied a volatile liniment much better this afternoon. It rained moderately all day.

July 28. Tues

Rested tolerably, but suffered much this morning with Neuralgia in my face. Had a brief but pleasant visit from General R.D. Sidey. Cutting Oats. I am able to read a little.

29. Wed

Rather better today. Asthma & Neuralgia also.

30. Thur.

Rested pretty well. About 4 a.m. the pain above my eye began & grew worse till 8 then abated a little. At 10, all but Mary Lou went to Bethel. This a day of Fasting & prayer appointed by our General Assembly I spoke about half an hour. The jolting etc etc made the pain in my head worse & it continued bad till I reached home, then gradually abated.

31. Fri

Pain abated. Nothing of importance to note.

August, 1868

August 1. Sat

Pain aggravated. Better P.M. Finished cutting Oats. Showers.

2. Sab

Not well rather less pain. Showers all day. All went to Bethel but me.

3. Mon

As usual-more pain. Hauling in Oats. M^rs Hays, Sarah Jane Hays, Miss Trotter & John Hays here.

4. Tues

Less pain. Suffered from the too free operation of a portion of salts & Cream of Tartar. James went to Staunton.

1868. August 5. Wed

I am better-pain moderate. Two heavy showers in the afternoon.

Mary went to Greenville to stay till Sabbath. I wrote to Reverend L.H. Blanton & remitted to him $7.25 the balance of his salary as Assistant stated Clerk of Synod $50. in a Post office order on the Postmaster of Danville Kentucky

6. Thurs

As well as usual for me. Putting pitch & charcoal on the roof of the house above the tin.

7. Fri

Not so well. Got in the last of our oats. James took a load of corn to Staunton, which he sold to Baker Brothers for $1.15 per Bushel.

David & Theda Humphreys came on a visit to us.

8. Sat

Not well. James took another load of corn to Staunton. Reverend D^r. S.J. Baird & wife came & spent the night with us.

9. Sab

Suffered with pain in my bowels last night. Took Ginger & Camphor. This morning my head is so affected I did not rise till near noon. All went to Bethel but me. D^r. Baird preached & they came back to dinner & in the evening returned to Staunton.

August 10. Mon

I am as well as usual. Began to haul out Manure on Northeast field.

11. Tues

As yesterday-rain in the evening.

12. Wed

In status quo. M^rs McFarland went to M^r Hendersons

13. Thurs

D^r Humphreys spent the night with us. James left home this morning.

14. Fri

Spent a very uncomfortable night-the first part entirely sleepless-today very languid. Frank & Jac at noon went to help John Wright to thresh

15. Sat

I am rather better. Frank at Wrights half the day & Jac all day. James returned. Mary feeble.

16. Sab

Mary & I are both too feeble to go to church. All other went. Reverend M^r M.H. Houston preached. he is about to go to China as a Missionary. He came here & spent the night with us. He is a pleasant man.

17. Mon

I am about as yesterday. We sent M^r. Houston to Staunton. A moderate rain here in the afternoon, but I think it must have been very heavy eastward. Rain in the night.

18. Tu.

Nothing new. Wrote to General R. Patterson.

19. Wed

I am not so well. Finished hauling out manure.

1868. August 20. Thurs

As well as I have been. All hands went to mend the road to Bethel. M^rs James Henderson came to see me, & brought me a kind present of nine Peaches & a jar of honey.

21. Fri

Services preparatory to the Communion began to-all went to Church but Mary & me. M^r Murray preached-no assistance.

22. Sat

I am very feeble. Mary also-we both remained at home. M^r Murray preached.

23d. Sab

I am very unwell, but made a desperate effort to go to Bethel. Mary too feeble & unwell to go. M^r Murray preached & I introduced the Communion & served the first table. M^r Murray closed. I came much fatigued-but I thank God for the privilege of being there & participating in the services.

24. Mon

Spent an uncomfortable night-much unwell this morning. M^rs McFarland went to Staunton with John Wright. M^r Housers Threshing machine brought here & threshed a few hours. Miss Baird came home with M^rs McFarland

25. Tues

A restless night-threshed till near noon. 180 Bushels of oats & 42 1/2 of Wheat.

August 26. Wed

Had a better night, but not so well today. Began to plow oat stubble for wheat in the Northeast field.

27. Thurs

My condition about as yesterday.

28. Fri

Nothing new. M^r Pilson here-says he thinks the Congregation has subscribed about $125 for Frank.

29. Sat

As well as usual. Plowing. Wrote yesterday & today to William L. Bent.

30. Sab

Went to Bethel. M^r Murray sick, I had to conduct the worship. Messrs. Pilson & Humphries Prayed & I spoke about 35 minutes from Philippians 2:1-11, extempore. David & Theda Humphreys left us. I came home very much fatigued.

31. Mon

I am as well as usual. Nothing new.

September, 1868

September 1. Tues

Warm. Still plowing. I am better.

2. Wed

I am taking cold. At 5 p.m. a heavy rain & a great flood.

3. Thurs

Had a distressing night with hard coughing. Feel very badly today-pulse 110.

4. Fri

Did not suffer quite so much last night, but today I am very feeble & unwell no appetite pulse 96.

1868. Sept. 5. Sat

Had an uncomfortable night & today very unwell. In bed all day, food makes me sick. I have almost no appetite. M^rs Coleman J^r came here.

6. Sab

I spent a wretched night. Slept but little suffered much from nervousness. This morning food sickens me. Sent for D^r. Tate-he came & prescribed blue pill. In bed all day. Very feeble.

7. Mon

Spent another night of suffering-sick for several hours-then severe head-ache. Toward noon rather better. Almost no appetite. In bed all day.

8. Tues

Had a much better night, but in the morning felt extreme debility-afterwards felt better. D^r. Tate came-thinks I need no more medicine, but left me a vial of Bromide of Polassia-to take a teaspoonful at night to produce repose of nervous & excitement. In bed all day. M^rs Wright here.

9. Wed

Amid great prostration rested rather better. I think I am a little better today. William Pilson here all night.

10. Thurs

Slept tolerably-am a little stronger & my appetite a little improved, but still in bed. Finished plowing for wheat Northeast field.

Sept. 11. Fri

As well as yesterday. M^r Pilson & Andrew Sarah Stuart came & I Baptized Stuart's daughter Sarah Steel Stuart-rose & dressed for that purpose-the first time for a week. Dined at the table. Very feeble.

12. Sat

a little farther improved. Rose at 9.30' up till 5. D^r. Gilkeson & Miss Tate here. Cutting Cloverseed with M^cPheeters Reaper.

13. Sab

An uncomfortable night-very feeble. All went to Bethel but Mary Lou & I-rose at 11 & up till 5. A heavy shower.

14. Mon

Rested better but still am very weak. Frank & James went to Staunton & took M^rs Coleman home. A very heavy rain today.

15. Tues

About as usual-day gloomy & damp. Ground too wet to sow wheat.

M^rs M^cFarland & Frank went to M^r Blackwood.

16. Wed

Rested only tolerably-not well today.

17. Thurs

Still unwell-can sit up but little. Sent Frank to M^r Pilson's on his way to College.

1868. Sep. 18. Fri

Rested better than usual. Quite a white frost this morning. Began to sow wheat in the Northeast field.

19. Sat

Rested badly. Unwell today, did not rise till 1.30' p.m. then could not sit up. Taking Confodder. L Brown assisting.

20. Sab

An uncomfortable night, but better through the day. All went to Bethel but me.

21. Mon

I am about as yesterday. Sowing wheat & taking Cornfodder. L. Brown here at work.

22. Tues

I am rather better. Business as yesterday. L. Brown here half the day. A shower near noon.

23. Wed

I am still better. Same business carried on.

24. Thurs

Rested pretty well, very languid today. Day very damp & mizzleing-business as yesterday.

25.

I am as usual. Too wet to harrow.

26.

As usual. Still too wet. M^rs McFarland & Mary went to dine at M^rs Gilkeson's. M^r Murray spent the night here.

27. Sab

I am tolerable. M^rs McFarland James & Mary Lou went to Hebron where M^r Bell & M^r Murray administered the Lord's Supper. Reverend M^r Finley preached by invitation in the afternoon.

Sept. 28. Mon

As usual. Day fine-ground in good order-finished seeding in the Northeast field.

29. Tues

Some increase in strength. Finished the corn-fodder & hauling in cloverseed. Removed my bed to the South end of the room.

30. Wed

As yesterday. All the white family went to Staunton.

October, 1868

October 1. Thurs

Not so well-did not rise 11 a.m. then better. James went to Midway & got 3,100 Chestnut shingles at $4 per thousand = $12. In the evening I married John W. Hays to Frances V. Wright, & returned home at 8.30'.

2. Fri

I am better than yesterday. Nothing new.

3. Sat

I am as yesterday. M^r Murray, Wife & son came to dinner, & to remain all night.

4. Sab

M^r Murray & family left us. It rained so all day that none of us but James went to Bethel-Only 12 persons there. It rained much of the night.

5. Mon

I am as usual-nothing new.

6. Tues

James & Jac. & Caroline & Arpy went to Staunton with a load of Corn (10) & Oats (24 pounds)

1868. Octr. 7. Wed

Not as well as usual.

8. Thurs

I am better than yesterday. Mary & Mary Lou & James went to Greenville & to Christopher Merritt's, & James to R.T. Wallace's.

9. Fri

As usual. James & Mary Lou returned. I have been reading & Wrote to John B. Baldwin informing him that I was unable to go to Staunton to offer the opening Prayer at the Fair.

10. Sat

As usual. Nothing special to record.

11. Sab

Better but the eruption on my thighs troubles me. All went to Bethel-I had not been there for six weeks-M^r Murray preached a good Sermon Colossians 3:1,2.

12. Mon

As well as yesterday-reading.

13. Tues

The Eruption on my thighs troublesome. Mary Lou went to M^r Merritts to go with M^r Murray etc to the Natural Bridge. Shingling the shop.

14. Wed

Very feeble & dull. Rained incessantly all day. James & White out making Gates.

15. Thurs

It rained all last night. Cloudy all day. I continue very feeble, but not suffering much.

October 16. Fri

I am rather better. James bought a Mare ( ) today from T.A Lightner, 4 years old last Spring-price $130 Cash.

17. Sat

Eruption less troublesome. Nothing new.

18. Sab

Cold. All went to Bethel. I went early-the Session had a meeting. I was moderator. M^r John Pilson voluntarily appeared before the session & acknowledged that in a strife & conflict between his Brother Samuel and William Vanlear, at which he was present, he became greatly excited & used language unbecoming a Christian, & some degree interfered in the conflict, for all which he was sincerely sorry, & had as he believed sincerely repented before God. With this acknowledgment the session were entirely satisfied.

19. Mon

Suffering greatly with the eruption. Finished shingling the shop. I was writing Reports for Synod. M^rs McFarland & Mary Lou went to M^r Blackwood.

1868. October 20. Tues

I am as yesterday. Sent my Check to T.A. Lightner for $130.00 in payment for the Mare James bought of him on the 16^th instant Shingling the Smoke House.

21. Wed

Not as well as usual. Rained nearly all day.

22. Thurs

Better-day cool-nothing worth recording.

23. Fri

Not very well. Finished the Shingling of the two houses & I paid M^r Whitelel for his work $7.25 M^rs M^cFarland & James went to M^r Sprouls on the way to visit M^r Morrison's family.

M^rs Jerusha Wilson & daughter dined with us.

24. Sat

Last night was one of great distress to me from the eruption in my limbs & extreme nervousness. I scarcely slept at all till near 1 a.m. & then but imperfectly-did not rise till near 11 a.m. Felt badly through the day.

25. Sab

Suffered as much or more last night than the preceding-did not rise till 11 a.m. Very uncomfortable. Mary & Mary Lou went to Bethel to prayer-meeting. M^rs M^cFarland & James returned at dark.

October 26. Mon

had a rather better night, but feel great depression not of mind, & I do not know what else to call it. At dinner-time, Reverend D^r. Brown of Richmond stepped in-came to make me a kind visit & it was very acceptable, but he had to return to Staunton to go home tomorrow.

27. Tues

Suffered with the Eruption about my ankles. I am somewhat better. All the white family went to Staunton to the Agricultural Fair. Mary & Mary Lou stayed.

28. Wed

I am better. James, the blacks went to Staunton-all returned in the evening but James. Reverend J.S. Blain came to see us.

29. Thurs

As yesterday. M^r Blain remained all day. In the evening M^r & M^rs Donald & son Samuel & M^rs M^cClure & Theda Humphries came & spent the night here. A very pleasant visit from warm friends.

30. Fri

Did not rest well. Our friends left us.

31. Sat

I slept better than usual-eruption quiet. I received a very kind & courteous letter from the Synod of Virginia Resigning the office of Stated Clerk & Treasurer.

November, 1868

1868. November 1. Sab

Rested tolerably, but the day is too cool & damp for me to go to Bethel. All went but me. Mary went to M^r Kunkles to make them a visit.

2. Mon

Eruption less troublesome. Day quite cold-nothing else worth recording.

3. Tues

About as yesterday. Hands working on the road [illeg.]

4. Wed

I am as usual. Wrote to Reverend William Dinwidde & enclosed my Rect. for his Check of $32.50 as the balance of salary due me from Synod. Wrote to B.F. Cootes, care of Hodges & Bors. Number 23 Hanover St. Baltimore, Maryland about a Rag Carpet. Husking Corn in the field.

5. Thurs

No change to note.

6. Fri

I am not so well, but the Eruption is less troublesome. James hauling logs to the sawmill.

7. Sat

As usual. Husking Corn.

8. Sab

Not so well, but the day fine I went to Church M^r Murray absent. I led the worship-after two prayers I spoke & prayed & read a hymn which occupied

[page 475]
three quarters of an hour, though very weak. I went to M^r J. Bumgardners & dined & came home fairly broken down-went to bed, but so fatigued I could not sleep till near 11 O'clock. Spent a very uncomfortable night.

9. Mon

I felt so badly that I did not rise till after dinner-near 1 O'clock. A delightfully warm day. Husking Corn.

10. Tues

I am better. Business as yesterday. Rain at night.

11. Wed

Rested badly last night-very dull today. Day quite cool. Hands at the corn.

12. Thurs

Slept well, but suffered much today from an unpleasant giddiness of my head. Still husking.

13. Fri

As usual. L. Brown & Griner husking Corn. Paid my State & County tax $19.32 exclusive of James tax $3.87 of which he paid $1.00

14. Sat

Finished husking & hauling in Corn.

Sent to the PostOffice a letter to the Journal of Commerce enclosing two dollars for another year Subscription Hundreds of Meteors seen last night. I saw about ten out of my window-from Northeast to Southwest horizontal.

15. Sab

Not very well, but went to Bethel-day fine. M^r Murray not there his Father died. I led a Prayer-meeting but venture to speak but little. Still I was much fatigued. M^rs Argenbright came home with us.

16. Mon

I am as usual. M^rs M^cFarland & James & Mary Lou went to Staunton.

17. Tues

Rained all day. Nothing to note.

18. Wed

Not so well in the morning, then better-day clear & cool.

19. Thurs

Better. Nothing of interest to note.

20. Fri

Snowing this morning, the first of the season. About an inch fell.

21. Sat

I am as usual. I wrote to J. Marshal M^cCue Esquire & enclosed a note of introduction to General R. Patterson & Colonel William C. Patterson. James took M^rs Argenbright home.

22. Sab

I am as usual-a wintry day. No service of any kind at Bethel. James went to Staunton.

Nov. 23. Mon

I am about as usual-feel the cold. M^r Houser here with his threshing machine-2 Housers, Whitesel, Hall & Wright here.

24. Tues

Still threshing-some hands & young Brown & Swartzel here. Had 8 3/4 Bushels Cloverseed, 83 Bushels of Wheat & 153 of Oats.

25. Wed

Very unwell last night & this morning. James & Jac. at Wrights threshing.

Caroline set out for Newton after Adaline. She brought Jane here in her place.

26. Thurs

I am better. Sending wheat to Mill.

27. Fri

As yesterday. All the wheat in the mill.

28. Sat

There was preaching at Bethel yesterday but we did not expect it & no one went. Today all went but me. D^r. S.J. Baird preached & he & M^r Murray came here & spent the night.

29. Sab

The Lord's Supper was administered today. I was not able to attend from weakness & felt also unwell, but, blessed be God, I spent a pretty pleasant Sabbath at home. But the first Communion at Bethel I have missed, I think, when out of bed.

1868. Nov. 30. Mon

Spent rather an uncomfortable night-laborious breathing & a distressing cough & headache. Did not rise till near 11 O'clock a.m. then better but I am very feeble.

December, 1868

December 1. Tues

Rested rather better, but very feeble today. In the afternoon a little flurry of Snow, but none lay & it cleared off.

2. Wed

Spent a more comfortable day. M^rs M^cFarland & Mary went to visit M^r Gardner who is sick. The day unusually cold.

3. Thurs

I rested better. Butchered 9 Hogs-aggregate weight [blank space]. M^r Weaver & wife assisting.

4. Fri

I am as usual. About 10 a.m. it began to snow & continued for some hours-afterward sleet. James went to Staunton in the Rockaway, & took a little Box containing 3 Bottles of domestic wine for M^rs General Patterson, sent by Express 75 cents. Brought home a Box sent by Roxa D. Bent from Allegheny City containing articles for the children.

Decr. 5. Sat

nothing to note through the day. At night, when I was getting into bed I lost my balance & fell to the floor on my back & my left side must below the short rib, struck the corner of a small table hurting me severely internally, for no external injury appeared. My head also was badly jarred.

6. Sab

Spent an painfully night with my side, but slept a good deal. I remained in bed all day. It distresses me greatly to cough.

7. Mon

Had another distressing night even more restless than the preceding. About noon I rose & dressed, hoping to feel better, but did not. Up till after 4 p.m. From 6 to 7 inches of snow fell last night.

8. Tues

Another night of suffering-perhaps a little less than the preceding. Coughing distressing me most, as it irritates the injured part. I find the soreness felt on pressure is extending up above the places injured. I rose about 11 a.m. but felt worse than heretofore.

1868. Dec. 9. Wed

Spent another wretched night-worse I think than any heretofore. In the morning rather better. Had my side & back bathed with warm vinegar which I thought did good. In bed all day. Day intensely cold.

10. Thurs

My suffering perhaps less last night, but today feel very badly. Rose about 1 p.m. I cannot explain my feelings. Lay on the sofa. Killed a Beef Cow today weighing 520 pounds

11. Fri

Last night in bed hurt my side in some way that I spent a very miserable night. I slept but little. Today some better-slept some, remained in bed all day. James went to Greenville with the Hide.

12. Sat

Last night suffered rather less. But the eruption from the application of Vinegar, is more afflicting than the hurt. D^rs Tate & Gilkeson came to see me & prescribed. M^r Murray also came & spent the night.

Decr. 13. Sab

Eruption very troublesome, using sugar of lead, but with little benefit. Day so cold M^rs McFarland & Mary at home.

14. Mon

A very restless night, today better. A Protracted Meeting commenced today. M^r. Murray preached M^rs McFarland at home.

15. Tues

Had a better night-rather restless today. The eruption much easier relieved by sal. Amonia the place hurt keeps me uneasy. All but M^rs McFarland went to Bethel. D^r. Baird preached. I have confined myself closely to bed since Thursday last. Cannot read.

16. Wed

Had a bad night with my hurt, but am better today. Cannot sit up.

Mary & Mary Lou did not come home yesterday or to today. James went to Staunton to sell some pigs, but sold them to M^r Palmer.

17. Thurs

The night spent as the preceding. I am better today. D^r. Baird & M^r Murray came & spent the night with us.

1868. Decr. 18. Fri

Last night I coughed much & till a late hour & spent the remainder of it miserably so nervous slept none till after midnight-feel feeble & nervous today. M^rs McFarland went to Bethel & Mary remained at home. D^r. Baird preached & returned.

19. Sat

Rested a little better, but still had an uncomfortable night-today pretty comfortable. M^rs McFarland & Mary went to Church Mary Lou remained with me.

James took D^r. Baird home last night & returned today. D^r. Churchman called to see me.

20. Sab

Another restless night but better to today. M^rs McFarland stayed at home with me.

21. Mon

Still rest badly at night & better in the day. A black girl came here to hire, Hannah.

22. Tues

Spent a more comfortable night than usual & today still continue better.

Decr. 23. Wed

Last night I experienced distressing sickness & today not near as well as yesterday. had my bed removed from the Southwest to the Northeast corner of the room

24. Thurs

My side hurt me more than usual. Paid Jac. $4.00 being the balance due him & he left our service. He was a good hand. Frank Lewis returned in the Stage. The weather terribly cold.

25. Fri

About as usual-so cold I cannot sit out of bed.

A very quiet Christmas day & Blessed be God I am yet alive & my family well.

26. Sat

Extremely nervous & restless the first part of last night. Today I am about as usual. In bed all day & must remain till more moderate weather. David & Theda came this evening.

27. Sab

Had a bad night & a very sick day. I do not know the cause. All went to Bethel but M^rs McFarland who stayed with me.

1868. Decr. 28. Mon

Rested imperfectly my side pained. Very sick this morning. [illeg.]

29. Tues

Very sick & feverish in the night-in the day better. James & Mary Lou went to Staunton. She remained at D^r. Bairds.

30. Wed

I am as usual. A very unpleasant day. Sleeting & raining. M^r Sproul & his Wife dined here & made us a very pleasant visit.

31. Thurs

I was distressingly nervous till near midnight & slept none. Today better.

This day Caroline & Armistead left us finally. I trust God will order it so that their places will be supplied by servants less wicked & more agreeable.

1869

January 1869

January 1st Friday

Last night I took a dose of Bromade of Pota--- [illeg.] [illeg.] but slept soundly. Today I saw [illeg.] [illeg.] [illeg.] aneribe to its effects. [illeg.] [illeg.] last night heavily - to day very [illeg.] thermometer 32[degrees] & 34[degrees] Wind E.

Mr. M^cFarland, Mary & [illeg.] [illeg.] & I was all alone today, very quiet. [illeg.] blessed [illeg.] but me & I am suffering but little.

2. Sat.

Day precisely like yesterday - exceedingly gloomy. I am about as yesterday. Thermometer 29[degrees] 33[degrees] [illeg.] & foggy.

3. Sun

Had a very bad night. very broken rest - feel badly this morning. Rose about 12 1/2 O'clock & dressed, the first time since the 10 ult. I sat up but little, but my side did not hurt me much. Up 4 hours.

Thermometer 32[degrees] 46[degrees] SW C. & pleasant.

4. Mon

Another wretched night rose & dressed at 4 a.m. but sat up very little and went to bed at p.m. Discouraging experience. Thermometer 42[deg] 56[deg] SW. cs.by.

1869. January 5. Tues

Took a teaspoonful of Bromade of Potassium & rested rather better the early part of the night but not well the latter. I think it day not [illeg.] were with me. Very dull today - Rose at 2 p.m. Up 2 hours. Thermometer 46[deg] at 9 a.m. 4[deg] 44[deg] W. C.

6. Wed.

Rested better than usual & better today. Nothing of note to record. Day fine. Thermometer 32[deg] 46[deg] W. C.

7. Thurs.

Very sick the latter part of last night & this morning - in the afternoon better. Up 5 hours. Thermometer 34[deg] 56[deg] W. C.

8. Fri.

I am rather better. Up several hours. Wrote to General Patterson. This is my 81^st Birthday! The last one in all probability I shall ever see. Thermometer 35[deg] 64[deg] SW. C.

Jany 9. Sat.

Spent an uncomfortable & restless night, feel much exhaustion to day. Rose about 12,30 [illeg.] until [illeg.]

Thermometer 45[deg] 54[deg] S. Cy. R

10 Sat.

Had another bad night [illeg.] took [illeg.] berry wine several [illeg.] through the night and thought it did me good but today I feel great debility - could not venture to put on my clothes. Day fine. all went to Bethel but Mr. McFarland would not leave me. Thermometer 32[deg] 47[deg] W. C.

11. Mon.

Had a tolerable night but a sick morning - in bed all day. Dr. Tate came to see me, prevented nothing special. Sleeting all day, quite stormy. Thermometer 28[deg] 29[deg] NE very gloomy.

12. Tues.

Not so good a night as previously. Today feeble, in bed all day. Mr. M. Pilson came & spent several hours with one, a kind friend. The day cool 30[deg] 39[deg] W.es. C. Today Alek Moore, Negro, came to work perhaps for a month, at $8.00